我国运用“合规性”贸易壁垒的政治经济分析

“合规性”贸易壁垒是保护本国产业和市场的有效手段,但是如果运用不当也会损害国家的政治和经济利益,通过建立适合我国的“合规性”贸易壁垒的政治经济模型,并对模型进行详细分析,研究发展中国家如何对“合规性”贸易壁垒进行合理的运用,以达到政治利益和经济利益的统一。     

解决中小企业融资困境的财政金融政策实证研究——以南宁高新区科技金融服务平台建设为例

融资难是制约中小企业发展的一个普遍性难题。文章以南宁高新区为例,分析了中小企业融资困境形成的原因,指出建设企业信用信息平台和科技金融服务平台是缓解中小企业融资难的财政金融政策方向,并结合实践提出了可行的融资服务模式。     

Cash holdings and business group membership

This study examines the cash policies of business group members (i.e., affiliates). Using a panel dataset of private Belgian affiliates and comparable non-affiliated firms, the empirical results show that business group affiliates hold significantly smaller amounts of cash as compared to non-affiliated firms. This finding is consistent with the notion that affiliates can afford to keep lower cash reserves because these firms can access the internal capital market of the group. The analysis also combines affiliate level and group level data to evaluate cash drivers and shows that groups in financial distress reduce cash holdings in affiliates. However, affiliates that are more important for the group's reputation and operations maintain cash levels comparable to affiliates belonging to financially healthy groups.     

谈产品设计中的增加操作难度的意义

在众多产品设计中,有一部分设计需要使用既注重产品的易用易懂性,又能满足产品在保密或者安全方面的需求,那么,这种设计就要求设计者需要忽视所谓的优秀设计原则,来设计出满足用户需求的产品。本文通过对特殊安全设计例证的分析,论证在设计中增加操作难度的必要性和意义。     

分税制财政体制改革中的利益集团博弈研究

改革开放以来,尤其是中国共产党十八届三中全会召开前后,在财政体制改革过程中,存在着各种利益集团之间错综复杂的博弈问题。本文将以博弈论为主要的分析工具,运用实证分析法来研究完善分税制财政体制过程中的利益集团博弈问题。首先概括性地阐述我国分税制财政体制中的利益集团博弈问题。然而具体分析各种利益集团的博弈问题。从取得财政收入方面来说,主要是处理好税收征纳双方的博弈问题;从支出财政资金层面讲,则是处理好政府各个职能部门之间的博弈关系。由此在深化财政体制改革的过程中,我们必须妥善处理好中央与地方,国家、企业与个人,税收征纳双方,政府各个职能部门等利益集团之间错综复杂的利害关系。激发全社会各方面的活力,使得众多利益集团创造社会财富的源泉动力充分地涌流。目的是完善分税制财政体制,构建与市场经济相适应的现代财政制度。     

Consumer perceptions of risks of chemical and microbiological contaminants associated with food chains: a cross-national study

The development and implementation of effective systems to identify vulnerabilities in food chains to chemical and microbiological contaminants must take account of consumer priorities and preferences. The present investigation attempted to understand consumer perceptions associated with chemical and microbiological contaminants in four specific food chains (drinking water, farmed salmon, chicken and milk powder). To this end, ten focus group discussions were held in five different countries (Poland, Ireland, the Netherlands, France and Brazil). Consumers expressed higher concerns about chemical, as compared with microbial, contaminants. Chemical contaminants were more strongly associated with the potential for severe consequences, long-term effects and lack of personal control. Traceability was considered by consumers as a useful tool that offers the potential to improve consumer confidence in food safety.     

闽商与其它新商帮比较研究

经过30来年的改革开放与发展,我国目前已形成环渤海、长三角、珠三角三大经济发展活跃区域.在这些区域形成了一批新的商帮.本文对山东商帮、苏南商帮、浙江商帮、闽南商帮、珠三角商帮进行比较,分析闽商与其它新商帮之间的地域特征、文化特征、区域经济发展特征的异同.     

东周时期管子的经济思想

东周时期一向被认为是我国古代历史文明的光辉时代。由于当时社会大变革， 在政治思想领域出现了许多学派， 各自著书立说， 互相进行激烈争辨， 历史上称为百家争鸣。许多政治家的经济思想是很卓越的， 对后世影响很大。本文重点评述管子的经济思想     

信息弱势群体的信息行为现状及其援助——以新疆为例

在新疆,由于缺乏经济支持和必要的信息技术教育与培训,信息弱势群体的信息化技能低,不能充分享受信息技术发展带来的实惠。因此,要重视对新疆弱势群体的信息援助,使他们利用信息尽早地摆脱贫困,更好地生存和发展。这既是社会文明和进步的表现,也有利于新疆的稳定与和谐发展。     

Social identity, inequality and conflict

I extend the standard materialistic rational choice model of conflict to consider groups. In particular, I consider how the aggregate amount of conflict in society depends on which groups form and oppose each other. The study is motivated by empirical findings about the relationship between inequality, conflict and economic development. I focus on a salient comparison: ethnic groups vs. social classes. I show that, contrary to the conventional wisdom, class conflict is not necessarily worse than ethnic conflict. In fact, ethnic conflict is general worse when the distribution of income is more equal. I also investigate the impact of the fact that while ethnicity is immutable, since there is social mobility, class is not. I show that the direct impact of mobility of conflict is as conventionally believed, but that there are important indirect effects which make the net effect ambiguous. Received: June, 1998 / Accepted: November 22, 1999