创业意愿如何转化为创业行为？——基于行动-状态导向作用的研究

创业意愿转化为创业行为才具有重要的现实意义。文章以大学生为对象，在理论研究的基础上，构建行动-状态导向调节创业意愿与创业行为关系的理论模型，运用滚雪球式非随机便利抽样法进行间隔1年时间的两个阶段调查，通过分层回归分析法等进行数据分析和假设检验。研究发现，创业意愿对创业行为具有显著正向预测作用，行动导向的“脱离”“主动”和“持续”维度分别强化创业意愿与创业行为的正向关系；而状态导向的“执着”“犹豫”和“短暂”维度分别弱化创业意愿与创业行为的正向关系。研究结果表明，在个人具有行动导向时创业意愿更能转化为创业行为，行动导向这种个人特质为创业意愿转化为创业行为提供了充分条件。以此为基础，对公共部门和大学生个人提出了策略建议。     

国家审计与城市创业活跃度

基于国家审计信息理论和免疫系统理论，以中国278个城市2009—2018年的面板数据为样本，分析国家审计对城市创业活跃度的影响。研究表明，国家审计监督治理能够显著提升城市创业活跃度，该结论在一系列稳健性检验后依然成立。机制分析发现，国家审计作为一项外部监督机制，能够改善地区政务、市场、金融和司法环境，进而提升城市创业活跃度。进一步，国家审计的治理效应在东部地区、规模较小城市以及高政府创新偏好的样本中更明显。研究结论印证了高质量审计监督能够有效保障经济社会高质量发展，切实将制度优势转化为治理效能，进而优化城市创业环境、提高城市创业活跃度。     

上行何以下效?创业型领导对员工越轨创新的影响

通过采用226位领导者-员工的调研数据,以积极情绪的扩展-构建理论及工作要求-资源模型为基础,基于感性与理性双路径,通过实证检验,得到以下研究结论:创业型领导能够正向预测员工越轨创新;工作繁荣在感性路径中起中介作用,工作重塑在理性路径中起到中介作用;社会自我效能感在创业型领导与工作繁荣的感性路径中,以及在创业型领导与工作重塑的理性路径中均起到正向调节作用;社会自我效能感同时也调节了工作繁荣与工作重塑的中介效应。基于此,提出了选拔及培育创业型领导、营造“自由决策”氛围、形成鼓励创新制度、构建容错文化、制定基于“结果”衡量创新的制度,以激励并管理越轨创新。     

From grassroots to international markets: A qualitative study of marginalized entrepreneurs in India

Much of the growing literature on international entrepreneurship focuses on how positive circumstances, such as having prior international experience, business networks, or formal institutions lead to international entrepreneurial action and overlooks the role more challenging circumstances might play. In this study, we extend and refine challenge-based entrepreneurship theory to explore what influences international entrepreneurial action undertaken by marginalized entrepreneurs in an emerging economy. Despite widening economic and social disparities in emerging economies, little is known about entrepreneurs who have traditionally been “left behind.” Our findings suggest that these marginalized entrepreneurs have not only a set of liabilities but also advantages, including creative problem solving and perseverance, as well as local knowledge and networks. To spur the first-person international opportunity belief associated with international entrepreneurial action, an intermediary with resources and networks is needed to offset the liabilities. These intermediaries act as gatekeepers, helping some marginalized entrepreneurs but holding back others.     

Next-generation entrepreneurial identity in family business systems: The influence of role-changing events on the understanding of legacy,individual identity,and transgenerational entrepreneurship of next-generation family business principals

The paper addresses how the understanding of family business legacy, individual identity, and transgenerational entrepreneurship of next-generation principals is affected by role changing events in family business systems. The paper uses the insights of a focus group of 38 next-generation family business principals of ultrahigh-net-worth business families from 14 countries. It corroborates that parents and role models are influencing factors on the understanding and perception of family identity, values, and transgenerational entrepreneurship. Identity inflection points during moments of expected and unexpected role changes, such as family business succession, can either positively or negatively impact the appreciation of a next-generation principal regarding legacy, identity, and transgenerational entrepreneurship. Based on the results of the qualitative interviews and peer group discussions, the findings indicate how identity inflection points affect the preservation of the next-generation family business principal's identity and family identity during a moments of role changes in family businesses and are a bottleneck for transgenerational entrepreneurship.     

创业家与产业集聚：一个文献综述

创业家对产业集聚的形成有着极为重要的作用，学者们已经从不同的视角对此进行研究。在文献梳理的基础上，首先将创业家对产业集聚的影响归纳为示范效应、知识溢出效应和创业家社会网络效应三方面，然后就创业家对产业集聚的理论模型进行评述，最后，在指出现有研究不足的基础上对未来研究进行展望。     

Platform couriers' self-exploitation: The case study of Glovo

This article examines the phenomenon of self-exploitation among platform couriers, using the company Glovo as a case study. The research, based on a qualitative approach with interviews from 22 different stakeholders, highlights the ways in which precarity, entrepreneurial subjectivity, and gamification intersect to create what are referred to as postdisciplinary control mechanisms. These mechanisms shift the locus of exploitation from the employer to the workers' inner selves, which are compelled to follow implicit guidelines due to their precarious situation. The use of algorithmic management by platform companies like Glovo plays a major role in this architecture marked by overwork, exposure to hazardous conditions, and economic dependence. The article urges policymakers to look beyond platform workers' employment status debate and address the design of algorithms and broader forms of labour precarity, so that policies that successfully improve workers' experience are designed.     

高科技企业创业团队的成功特质——基于小米科技创业团队的案例分析

以团队为主体的创业活动现已成为社会经济发展的源动力和新的增长点。对于新创企业而言,一个优秀创业团队需要具备哪方面的能力才能带领企业发展并高效运作,这一话题具有重大的现实意义。本文从团队成员能力、团队文化和团队制度三个要素角度探讨优秀创业团队的特征,建立模型并结合小米科技创业团队进行案例分析。研究结果显示,团队成员能力是企业发展的有力支撑,团队文化是企业发展的持续动力源,团队制度是企业有序运作的保障,三者相辅相成,是优秀创业团队必不可少的重要要素。