论社会经济人

人是具有社会性的.作为经济学研究假设前提的经济人,不能只表示个体经济人,还必须要有对社会经济人的假设抽象.缺失社会经济人假设的经济学研究只能从社会经济中的个体出发分析和探讨人类的经济行为,在宏观经济领域的研究是难以展开的,因此迄今为止的宏观经济理论仍只是局限于解释经济个体之间的利益之争,而没有体现出更高层次上的对社会整体利益的理性思考和自觉维护.在这种状态下,已经进入21世纪的经济学主要的宏观经济理论,不仅不完全适用于像中国这样快速发展的发展中国家,就是在其提出的发达市场经济国家,也基本上不被政府的宏观调控接受为指导理论.因而,深化经济人研究,增加社会经济人假设,必将成为推动21世纪经济学理论创新的制高点.     

Materialism, status signaling, and product satisfaction

The consumer satisfaction literature has not, for the mos part, integrated individual values into the product evaluation process. Yet a comprehensive understanding of consumer satisfaction can best be attained by including both consumer and product factors. To demonstrate the usefulness of including individual values, this research focuses on one consumer value, namely, materialism. The authors empirically explore how this individual value is linked to consumers’ evaluations of products they have purchased. Using surveys, the authors collected data from a sample of college students (n=211) and a sample of adults (n=270). Across these two studies, using divergent samples and products, they find consistent evidence that materialism is negatively related to product satisfaction in product categories with high potential for status signaling, but unrelated to product satisfaction in product categories with lower potential for status signaling. The consumption goals that produce these product evaluations are empirically addressed Jeff Wang (jianfeng76@yahoo.com; PhD, City University of Hong Kong) is an assistant professor of marketing in the Faculty of Business at the City University of Hong Kong. This work was conducted when he was a doctoral student of marketing in the Eller College of Management at the University of Arizona. His research interests include social networks and consumer behavior, consumer satisfaction and well-being, materialism and consumption meanings, and consumer interests and public policy issues. His dissertation studies credit card debt as a socially embedded phenomenon and investigates how consumers leverage their interpersonal ties as they accumulate and repay their debt. Melanie Wallendorf (mwallendorf@eller.arizona.edu) is Soldwedel Professor of Marketing in the Eller College of Management at the University of Arizona. She holds an MS in sociology and a PhD in marketing from the University of Pittsburgh. Her articles on the sociocultural aspects of consumption have been published in theJournal of Consumer Research, Journal of Marketing Research, Advertising and Society Review, Addiction, Journal of Macromarketing, andAmerican Behavioral Scientist, among others. Her coauthored article on “The Sacred and Profane in Consumer Behavior” won theJournal of Consumer Research Best Article Award in 1992. Her research has been featured in theWall Street Journal, The Washington Post, The New York Times, American Demographics, andFortune, and has been funded by the Marketing Science Institute, the Arizona Disease Control Research Commission, and the Office of Earth Science at NASA.     

从个人决策向决策科学化转型——中国民营企业实现可持续发展必须跨越的台阶

21世纪是以数字技术、基因技术为基础,以信息革命和生物革命为标志的新经济时代。与时俱进,实现技术、产品、管理、组织、文化的创新,特别是重大决策的科学化,是企业获得持续发展的关键所在。不少中国民营企业至今对此认识不足,而迷信个人作用,搞个人决策,这正是造成其短命的重要原因之一。深入分析中国民营企业决策个人化的危害和根源,有利于实现从个人决策向决策科学化的转型。     

透视市盈率

从三个不同层次分析了影响市盈率的因素 ,指出评价一只股票是否有投资价值 ,不仅要看它本身的市盈率 ,而且要与同行业其它公司的市盈率相比较 ,更要与企业的未来发展相联系。选择一个投资对象 ,不仅要看它现在能创造多少利润 ,而且要分析它将来的发展空间 ,更要重视其作为上市公司的“壳资源”的价值及人们的心理预期     

考虑社会责任的异质有限理性制造商产量博弈均衡复杂动力学分析

通过考虑消费者剩余,企业利润中引入承担社会责任参数,建立了具有异质性有限理性的古诺寡头博弈竞争模型,分析利润相关参数对系统博弈均衡稳定性的影响,并进行了数值模拟。研究表明单方有限理性系统比双方有限理性系统稳定。产品成本超过一定阈值应避免产量竞争,可以通过承担社会责任,提升产品价格来增加利润,但当企业承担社会责任增加时,系统稳定性降低。此时降低调整产量的速度,观察竞争对手产量调整速度,避免系统进入混沌状态,失去最优产量优势。     

Ex-post full surplus extraction,straightforwardly

Consider an estimate of the common value of an auctioned asset that is symmetric in the bidders’ types. Such an estimate can be represented solely in terms of the order statistics of those types. This representation forms the basis for a pricing rule yielding truthful bidding as an equilibrium, whether bidders’ types are affiliated or independent. We highlight the link between the estimator and full surplus extraction, providing a necessary and sufficient condition for ex-post full surplus extraction, including the possibility of independent types. The results offer sharp insights into the strengths and limits of simple auctions by identifying the source of informational rents in such environments. Harstad acknowledges hospitable accommodation by the Fuqua School of Business, Duke University, and the Olin School of Business, Washington University in St. Louis, during parts of this research. We are grateful for comments and suggestions from Richard McLean and Jeroen Swinkels.     

个人主动性:21世纪的新型工作模式

当前，对组织中雇员积极行为的研究，是人力资源管理领域的一个新的潮流。而个人主动性作为一种积极的工作模式，正是其中的一个焦点。本文系统地介绍了个人主动性的内涵、维度（自发性、前瞻性和克服困难）及其行动系列。在此基础上，本文探讨了个人主动性对于个人、组织绩效的重要意义，并提出了提升个人主动性的有效策略。     

从经济理性到有限理性:经济学研究理性假设的演变

"经济理性"是经济学的传统研究假设,却因背离现实而受到质疑.基于行为人稀缺的心理资源和系统固有的不确定性而产生的"有限理性"正逐步取代"经济理性"成为经济学研究的理性假设.不同的理性观点可以从决策的视角得到系统地解释和比较.并且,随着理性假设的演变,经济行为的决策标准也相应从单一静态最优向多元动态平衡转变.     

基于业务流程链的商业银行风险传导研究

本文在提出商业银行风险的业务流程链传导概念的基础上,论述了商业银行风险的业务流程链传导路径、载体及其特征,指出商业银行操作风险管理应实施个别业务流程风险管理,成立操作风险专门管理部门,以协调跨部门的业务流程处理,从而限制商业银行的业务流程链风险传导。     

Does seeing more deeply into a game increase one’s chances of winning?

The substantively rational value of the games studied in this paper does not help predict subject performance in the experiment at all. An accurate model must account for the cognitive ability of the people playing the game. This paper investigates whether the variation in measured rationality bounds is correlated with the probability of winning when playing against another person in games that exceed both players’ estimated rationality bound. Does seeing deeper into a game matter when neither player can see to the end of the game? Subjects with higher measured bounds win 63 percent of the time and the larger the difference the more frequently they win.