知识系统跨越式升级中政府的作用研究--基于产业集群知识系统的分析

引领科技发展的新创知识虽然是未来经济社会发展的动力源泉,但由于缺乏市场的长期检验,这类新创知识早期应用成本和风险均较高,导致集群企业很难主动接受。文章在相关文献综述的基础上,阐释了集群知识系统运行的基本假设,构建了一个基于传染病模型的政府参与的集群知识扩散模型,通过数理推导发现,无论产业集群内现存知识的传播再生数多大,政府宏观调控和激励政策在集群内新创知识推广和应用过程中的作用显著,能够加快集群内知识系统的跨越式升级,最后文章提出了促进集群内新创知识应用的政策建议。     

企业集群理论综述

企业集群作为一种组织形式,其发展与产业结构调整、技术创新以及国家和地方经济发展关系十分密切。在大量文献资料的基础上,对一些相关理论进行了归纳与分析,指出了各个派别理论的不足,最后提出了对区域经济发展的指导意义。     

产业集群的资源节约效应

文章认为产业集群在资源节约方面具有卓越的成效,主要体现在两个方面,一是对基础设施、公共资源等资源的节约效应;二是由产业集群上下游产业链关系所形成的内生循环经济效应。     

浙江省低成本型产业集群信息化问题研究

提升产业集群的竞争力对于优化浙江省产业结构具有重要意义。在开放经济背景下,基于沟通机制的集群创新能力建设是低成本型产业集群谋求核心竞争力的基点。信息化是低成本型产业集群结构转换的必要条件,通过信息化强化集群的柔性与创新能力是基本选择。     

企业集群内社会资本演进的动力机制研究

本文从经济社会学的视角指出,企业集群内社会资本是一种摄取稀缺资源并由此获益的能力,它随着企业集群这一产业组织的成长发展而不断演进,据此提出了企业集群内社会资本演进的一般过程.对其演进过程,运用动态博弈模型分析了企业集群内社会资本演进的动力机制--声誉机制.     

对地方政府吸引台商投资政策的新探讨——从企业集群角度分析

吸引外商投资作为解决资金瓶颈的一种有效手段,正被各地政府视作一项重要任务。作为现代企业进行投资生产最重要的特征就是企业集群,但在实际工作中,以政府主导的吸引外资行为却很少受到企业集群理论的指导,因而产生招不到“商”或即使招到“商”也留不住的现象。对于台资企业,这一现象尤为明显。根据企业集群根植性的理论对台资企业群现存问题进行深入分析,对地方政府吸引台商投资的行为提出积极的政策建议。     

Entrepreneurship: The Role of Clusters Theoretical Perspectives and Empirical Evidence from Germany

This paper is about the impact of clusters on entrepreneurship at the regional level. Defining entrepreneurship as the creation of new organisations and clusters as a geographically proximate group of interconnected firms and associated institutions in related industries, this paper aims to answer three research questions : first, do clusters matter to entrepreneurship at the regional level? Second, if clusters are associated with different levels of entrepreneurship, what explains those differences? Third, what do the answers to the previous questions imply for academics and policy makers? To answer these questions, this paper distinguishes between clusters and industrial agglomerations and advances a theoretical model and empirical research to explain the impact of clusters on entrepreneurship at the regional level. This paper uses the 97 German planning regions as units of analysis to test the hypotheses. Using hypotheses testing and OLS fixed-effects model, this paper finds that clusters do have an impact on entrepreneurship at the regional level, but industrial agglomerations do not. Implications for academics and policy makers and suggestions for future research are given in the concluding section.     

基于产业集群的可持续发展研究——以东莞IT产业集群为例

产业集群发展能增强企业竞争力 ,并带来区域经济的发展。但是 ,在产业集群的可持续发展过程中存在诸多问题。以东莞IT产业集群发展为例 ,指出提高集群可持续发展意识、加强区域创新网络的建设、增强高素质人才的培养、完善政府的宏观调控作用和培育产业集群文化乃是产业集群可持续发展之良策     

浙江省原发型企业集群与FDI的关联效率研究

本文在提出并论证独特技术型和小规模技术型两种原发型企业集群的基础上,从原发型企业集群与FDI之间技术水平是否对接、产业是否同构、FDI来源地决定的FDI属性等方面,对浙江企业集群与外资的关联性进行了理论研究,并利用可得到的投入-产出数据,从产业感应度和产业影响力两方面,实证分析了浙江原发型企业集群与FDI的关联效率,发现浙江原发型企业集群的内源性竞争力影响了FDI的流入。     

“You Can't Make a Good Wine without a Few Beers”: Gatekeepers and knowledge flow in industrial districts

Knowledge sharing sometimes plays a key role in the performance of clustered organizations, particularly small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), however, SMEs also face significant knowledge-related disadvantages due to their lack of absorptive capacity and functional expertise. This study investigates the influence of technical specialists on knowledge flow in a wine cluster in Australia. The main contribution of this paper is a finding that the technical specialist's gatekeeping role both links clustered SMEs to the global wine “systemworld” by transferring knowledge of technical developments and innovation, and simultaneously develops and refines regional winemaking styles by sharing locally specific, experientially derived knowledge. Technical specialists drew on bridging and bonding social capital to identify and retrieve specialist knowledge, and were capable of assimilating complex technical knowledge into the cluster. These findings are particularly significant because recipients were typically small and micro-firms, which are frequently located outside cluster knowledge-network.