定性旅游研究：表达规范与反思--基于2000-2013年《旅游学刊》载文分析

鉴于学科分野的原因，不同学科有着不同的定性研究表达传统，在学科内部的交流并不会形成交流障碍或批评焦点。而旅游研究是一个多学科交叉领域，定性研究方法及其成果表达常会形成分歧。文章在总结定性研究评价相关研究的基础上，以《旅游学刊》2000—2013年定性研究论文为分析对象，从定性旅游研究的表达规范与表达逻辑等几个方面对57篇样本文献进行元分析（meta-analysis），发现目前定性研究表达主要存在的问题是对研究问题的概念关系与理论框架、研究策略与研究方法过程介绍不充分，对研究问题与研究方法、研究材料与研究结论的逻辑一致性关注不够，对研究结论的可信度影响因素未进行充分说明。在此基础上，作者反思了旅游定性研究的发展趋势与关注重点。     

油气管道相关国外标准化组织制修订流程分析

对与油气管道领域相关的ISO、API、ASME、ASTM、NACE 5所知名国外标准化组织进行了简要介绍,对各组织在提案申请要求、提案内容、尤其是标准制修订流程方面进行了初步对比分析,同时以参与国际标准化组织ISO,为例详细说明了参与国际标准的注意事项及技巧,最后提出了我国在油气管道领域开展标准国际化的启示和建议。     

新型煤炭企业物资供应人才内涵与选用标准

介绍了新型煤炭企业物资供应人才的内涵,构建了安全效益、经济效益和管理效益3个维度;分析了选用新型煤炭企业物资供应人才的3大标准,提出了从道德品质、素质能力、态度观念等方面着手的观点,对实践具有重要指导和参照意义。     

ANSI认可标准制定组织以及美国国家标准批准程序

美国作为市场化程度高、技术水平先进的国家，其标准化管理体制和运行模式遵循了标准化的自身规律。能够快速响应不断变化的市场需求、政府监管的需要，同时又能支持技术创新、促进经济、贸易发展，提升美国的竞争实力。美国国家标准是自愿性的，并且由美国国家标准学会（ANSI）认可的标准制定组织制定。本文分析了ANSI的基本情况、ANSI认可标准制定组织的管理程序、美国国家标准批准和废止的条件及程序。希冀对中国的标准化改革有所借鉴。     

Why Do Politicians Intervene in Accounting Regulation? The Role of Ideology and Special Interests

Politicians frequently intervene in the regulation of financial accounting. Evidence from the accounting literature shows that regulatory capture by special interests helps explain these interventions. However, many accounting rules have broad economic or social consequences, such as their effects on income distribution or private sector subsidies. The perception of these consequences varies with a politician's ideology. Therefore, if accounting rules produce those consequences, ideology plausibly spills over and explains a politician's stance on the technical accounting issue, beyond special interest pressure. We use two prominent U.S. political debates about fair value accounting and the expensing of employee stock options to disentangle the role of ideology from special interest pressure. In both debates, ideology explains politicians’ involvement at exactly those points when the debate focuses on the economic consequences of accounting regulation (i.e., bank bailouts and top management compensation). Once the debates focus on more technical issues, connections to special interests remain the dominant force.     

现代职业教育视野下,对建筑企业教育培训工作的探讨

当代社会,企业之间的竞争归根到底是人力资源的竞争,企业为了能在激烈的市场竞争中独占鳌头,使尽浑身解数,其中员工培训就是极其重要的一种手段。然而,大多数建筑企业培训无论是战略层面还是操作层面,违背现代职业教育的规律,难以对培训进行科学有效的管理。本文结合现代职业教育的相关理论,围绕员工"智能倾向定位"、"能力本位定位"等内容,探讨职业教育理论在建筑企业培训中的应用,强调"行动导向"培训方法的重要性。     

Assessing Variability of Complex Descriptive Statistics in Monte Carlo Studies Using Resampling Methods

Good statistical practice dictates that summaries in Monte Carlo studies should always be accompanied by standard errors. Those standard errors are easy to provide for summaries that are sample means over the replications of the Monte Carlo output: for example, bias estimates, power estimates for tests and mean squared error estimates. But often more complex summaries are of interest: medians (often displayed in boxplots), sample variances, ratios of sample variances and non‐normality measures such as skewness and kurtosis. In principle, standard errors for most of these latter summaries may be derived from the Delta Method, but that extra step is often a barrier for standard errors to be provided. Here, we highlight the simplicity of using the jackknife and bootstrap to compute these standard errors, even when the summaries are somewhat complicated. © 2014 The Authors. International Statistical Review © 2014 International Statistical Institute     

Flexibility in the gig economy: managing time on three online piecework platforms

Gig economy platforms seem to provide extreme temporal flexibility to workers, giving them full control over how to spend each hour and minute of the day. What constraints do workers face when attempting to exercise this flexibility? We use 30 worker interviews and other data to compare three online piecework platforms with different histories and worker demographics: Mechanical Turk, MobileWorks, and CloudFactory. We find that structural constraints (availability of work and degree of worker dependence on the work) as well as cultural‐cognitive constraints (procrastination and presenteeism) limit worker control over scheduling in practice. The severity of these constraints varies significantly between platforms, the formally freest platform presenting the greatest structural and cultural‐cognitive constraints. We also find that workers have developed informal practices, tools, and communities to address these constraints. We conclude that focusing on outcomes rather than on worker control is a more fruitful way to assess flexible working arrangements.     

济南市古生物化石赋存特征及保护区划研究

为贯彻《古生物化石保护条例》,提高济南市古生物化石保护水平,在对区内古生物化石资源进行野外勘查和综合整理的基础上,依据古生物化石鉴定结果及其赋存地层分布特征,得出济南市古生物化石的分布特征,划分了古生物化石产地,选择化石完整程度、富集程度、剖面出露程度、周边地质环境、工程活动影响五个评价因子,运用综合指数法,建立了符合济南实际的古生物化石保护区划分体系,将区内古生物化石产地进行了保护区分级,并按照“保护优先,结合实际”的原则,制定了符合济南市实际的古生物化石保护措施。     

关于企业办公室管理的相关探讨

新时期,企业的办公室管理工作的职能与责任发生了很大的变化,如何针对于现有办公室管理工作中的不足进行改进,创新办公室管理工作形式,是提高办公室工作效率与质量的关键。本文对于新时期办公室的工作职能进行了分析,并且对既存的不足进行了探讨,最终提出了相应的实施对策。