树根桩在高压输电线路塔基础加固工程的应用

通过对树根桩在某高压线路塔基础加固的工程实例分析,证明了树根桩在塔基础加固、堤防护坡及冲淤积层较厚的三角洲地区的民宅基础等有广泛的应用前景。     

The Scottish Path to Capitalist Agriculture 1: From the Crisis of Feudalism to the Origins of Agrarian Transformation (1688–1746)

This is the first of a series of articles which attempt to remedy the lack of Marxist discussion about one of the most spectacularly successful transitions to capitalist agriculture in the historical record: that of Scotland. At the end of the seventeenth century, Scottish agriculture was remarkable only in one respect: the rural class structure within which it took place corresponded to the classic feudal model more closely than that of any other state west of Poland. The subsistence crisis of the 1690s exposed the productive limits of an agriculture based on feudal social relations, but also severely weakened any possible capitalist alternative. The Treaty of Union with England of 1707 brought the feudal powers of the Scottish lords into the new British state intact, but access to English and imperial markets encouraged a minority of them to experiment with the same forms of agricultural improvement which had produced such increases in landlord income south of the border. Although these attempts were not successful in the short term, they laid the basis for the transformation of Scottish agriculture in the changed circumstances after 1746, which is the subject of a subsequent article.     

开放条件下我国银行业的效率改进及风险管理——兼论国有商业银行改革

在我国开放格局业已确定,而国有商业银行改革尚未完成之际,银行业面临的新挑战集中体现在效率与风险两个方面.效率改进的关键在于内部治理,而这却依赖于银行内部制衡机制的建立,制衡的另一方应是民营资本和机构投资者,而不是外资银行.风险防范应从微观和宏观着手.微观上,银行应加强内部风险意识和国际竞争意识;宏观上,监管层应借鉴国际经验,加强对外资银行的监管和对本国银行零售业的保护.     

城市扶贫政策的消极性缺陷及其改进途径

认为"积极福利"的核心理念是无责任即无权利,其具体的实施维度可以丰富和重构为四个方面,即保障生活、提升资本、增加权利和增强动力,其中资本包括人力资本和社会资本.从"积极福利"的角度看,我国现行城市扶贫政策存在较为明显的消极性,即侧重于从外部对贫困者进行基本生活救助,而相对忽视了挖掘和激发贫困者自身的潜能,这不利于搞好城市扶贫工作和构建和谐社会,应营建更加积极的城市扶贫政策.     

土地法的理念更新与制度完善

我国现行土地法律制度以经济发展为基本理念,重土地的开发利用而轻保护改善。这样的理念指导下的法律及其制度,难以实现土地的可持续利用。有效地保护和改善土地、实现土地的可持续利用必须重新认识土地的价值,树立新的土地发展观、效益观、安全观,并以此为基础对土地调查统计制度、土地用途管制、土地利用规划制度、耕地特殊保护制度与土地征用制度进行完善。     

农业技术进步源泉及其定量分析

农业技术进步是农业经济增长的源泉。本研究从分析农业技术进步的表现形式入手,通过引入层次分析法,对各种类型的技术进步的作用大小进行了具体计算和分析,最后给出了一些政策性的建议。     

The distribution of benefits from public international germplasm banks: the case of beans in Latin America

The unrestricted international flow of genetic resources from international genebank collections is the source of perhaps one of the greatest impacts of international agricultural research. This paper examines the distribution across countries in Latin America of benefits generated from bean genetic resources held by the International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT). The genealogies of commercial bean cultivars released since 1976, containing materials from the collection, are analysed to calculate for each country the source of the genetic resources used. All countries in the region are shown to be heavily dependent on imported genetic resources for their commercial cultivars. From the available information on the economic impact of these improved bean varieties, the share of economic productivity benefits associated with imported germplasm by country of origin is calculated. The benefits received by each country from improved bean germplasm are compared with the contribution of that country's germplasm to other countries. Some of the patterns in the flow and use of genetic resources are analysed.     

“带权进城”:城镇化进程中农民权益处置的一种思路

随着农村改革深入推进,农民权益不断提升。当前这种不断提升的权益却仍然与农村户籍相绑定,在一定程度上影响了新型城镇化。为了有效破解农民权益保障与新型城镇化发展之间的两难境地,有效提升新型城镇化的质量,在城镇化进程中农民权益的处置需要采取新的思路。本文指出了当前农民和农民权益之间是一种"弱连接",且这种"弱连接"将变得愈发不利于城乡融合发展,并且以增量改革和市场化改革为原则,提出了将农民权益与农民个体相绑定、与农村户籍相分离,从而实现"带权进城"的农民权益处置思路。通过浙江省德清县农村产权改革的案例,本文探讨了"带权进城"在实践中的模式、效果、启示和未尽之处,指出未来"带权进城"实践创新的重点在于农民权益的固化和盘活,最后提出了从富裕地区先行先试,尊重农户意愿,扩大城镇公共服务供给等政策建议。     

论我国公共财政监督制度的完善

我国公共财政监督制度目前存在的问题包括:公共财政监督的法制建设滞后,财政法律规范之间相互冲突,预算法可操作性不强以及公共财政绩效监督制度缺失。本文在分析上述问题的基础上,提出了修改预算法、制定公共财政监督法和公共财政绩效监督条例等完善公共财政监督制度的具体建议。     

汽车发动机预装线装配平衡改进研究

为提高已经投产的汽车总装生产线的生产平衡率,研究发动机生产线生产平衡改进研究。以现有生产节拍和各个工位操作工时作为基础,运用生产线平衡的基本概念,对现有生产线进行优化。首先确定优化目标,通过工序同期化优化,减少生产岗位,从而提高部分岗位负荷,提高生产平衡率,为企业解决实际问题,节约人力、场地等资源。