Do strategic groups differ in reputation?

While most strategic group research has focused on performance implications, we consider the relationship between strategic group membership and reputation. Using strategic group identity and domain consensus concepts, we propose strategic groups have different reputations. We find significant differences exist in reputation across three identified strategic groups of U.S. property/casualty insurers, supporting our contention that reputation is a multilevel concept. Post hoc analyses suggest strategic groups with higher reputation also have higher performance on some critical measures, indicating reputation may be a mobility barrier beneficial to members of certain groups. Practitioner implications include challenges of within‐group differentiation in firm reputation. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

企业年金市场进入规制研究

本文从质量和数量两个维度考察中国企业年金市场进入规制。质量规制目标明确,最低资质标准能够保证企业年金基金管理机构的底线质量,但受评审专家与金融机构之间信息不对称干扰,资格认定机制无法保证经营牌照发放给真正优秀的金融机构。资格认定机制也是数量规制措施,监管当局缺乏对企业年金市场合理市场结构的明确判断,政策的摇摆导致早期企业年金市场恶性价格竞争,未来垄断合谋的可能性增强。     

高管职业流动对企业创新投入的影响研究

高管对创新的重视程度和风险判断,是企业创新投入决策的重要影响因素,必然受到高管的知识和经验的影响.而职业流动是高管知识和经验积累的重要途径,因此其职业流动的路径及结果,必然影响着企业的创新投入的规模和方向.本文的实证结果表明:跨企业的职业流动经历、跨企业的职业流动频次以及"跨界"职业流动经历都对企业的研发投入具有正向影...     

浅议培养学生会计职业判断能力

会计教学的目的要培养学生今后从事会计工作的社会能力、方法能力和专业能力,其中会计职业判断能力是一个会计人员应具备的综合职业能力,会计人员的职业判断能力是指会计人员面临不确定情况,依据一定的职业规则扣自身的经验,对某一交易或事项所作出分析、判断、选择的能力。在英国BTEC/ND商业与金融专业的财会类课程开发的出发点是完成会计工作任务的职业能力,而且突出了会计职业判断能力成果的要求,并贯穿在课程的整个教学过程中,这种教育理念和课程观是值得我们借鉴的。     

碎片化医保制度设计弊端与农民工医保模式路径选择

我国二元社会保障模式的构建思维一直影响我国保障制度的建设,导致我国医保制度建设呈现碎片化趋势,农民工医保制度也受这一传导机制影响。鉴于碎片化医保制度存在的诸多弊端和单独构建农民工医保模式存在的制度缺陷,农民工医保模式的路径选择应该是纳入现有保障制度框架。当前最关键和最紧迫的问题是提高现有医保制度统筹层级、解决三大医保制度接续以及加强农民工医保制度的配套建设。     

Strategic groups as subsets of strategic scope groups in the Belgian brewing industry

This research report proposes a distinction between strategic scope groups and strategic groups whereby strategic groups are delineated within strategic scope groups. A strategic scope group (SSG) includes firms within an industry that define their business using a four-dimensional ‘strategic space’ consisting of buyer types, product types, geographical reach and level of vertical integration, in a similar way. Within each SSG there may be several strategic groups (SGs). An SG includes firms within an SSG that deploy their resources in a similar way and that compete in the same way. While all firms within an SSG may compete against each other, firms within the same SG compete against each other in a similar way. Within the brewing industry in Belgium five SSGs could be identified. These SSGs differ statistically significantly on a risk-adjusted return on assets measure. SGs themselves did not differ on this performance measure. One may therefore conclude that mobility barriers between SSGs are higher than they are between SGs. © 1997 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

School tracking and intergenerational income mobility: Evidence from the Finnish comprehensive school reform

This paper estimates the effect of a major education reform on intergenerational income mobility. The Finnish comprehensive school reform of 1972–1977 replaced the old two-track school system with a uniform nine-year comprehensive school and shifted the selection of students to vocational and academic tracks from age 11 to age 16. We estimate the effect of this reform on the intergenerational income elasticity using a representative sample of males born between 1960 and 1966. The identification strategy relies on a differences-in-differences approach and exploits the fact that the reform was implemented gradually across the country during a six-year period. The results indicate that the reform reduced the intergenerational income elasticity by 23% from the pre-reform elasticity of 0.30 to post-reform elasticity of 0.23.     

A transitions model for sustainable mobility

This paper reports on the development of a model for assessing transitions to sustainable mobility. The model uses the concepts of transition theory as a framework for assessing possible pathways by which a transition to a sustainable mobility society might happen. The modelling approach combines agent-based modelling techniques with a system dynamics structure. It is original in that there are two levels of agent. There are a small number of complex agents, which have an internal structure and are therefore subsystems within society, and a larger number of simple agents. Based on the UK data, the results show that Hydrogen Fuel Cell Vehicles (FCVs) come to dominate, but only in the very long run (after 2030), while biofuels and ICE (Internal Combustion Engine)-electric hybrids are the main alternatives to the regime in the next 10–30 years, because a) they are already developed and b) they fit better into current infrastructures. The model shows that technological transitions are most likely. Lifestyle change transitions require sustained pressure from the environment on society and behavioural change from consumers.     

Regional volatility in emerging countriesThe case of Russia1

An uneven distribution of natural resources and the Soviet legacy of artificial regional specialization expose Russia's regions to large income shocks. Using an unique regional dataset covering Russian regions between 1992 and 2003, we assess how these features influence the magnitude and persistence of regional income shocks. We propose a novel measure of regional exogenous shocks that we use to show that fiscal policy in Russia's regions has largely been pro‐cyclical, exacerbating rather than moderating regional exogenous shocks.     

经济虚拟化、流动性过剩与货币政策困境——基于虚拟经济独立性特征的研究

货币的虚拟化是造成当代经济流动过剩的根源,当经济虚拟化程度不断加深时,流动性过剩的应对措施成为世界性的经济难题;同时,虚拟经济逐步呈现出与实体经济分离的独立性特征,流动性过剩问题变得更为复杂。应对流动性过剩的货币政策陷入了进退维谷的困境。如何正确理解并掌握经济虚拟化的规律是政府部门进行有效决策的前提。指出货币学派传统的"单一"货币规则所面临的困境,针对我国目前的货币政策困境提出建立动态货币资金流量观测、增加货币政策相机抉择的灵活性等对策建议。