Ideal animals and animal traits for zoos: General public perspectives

This paper examines the ideal traits of zoo animals from the perspective of the general public and the types of animals they would most like to see. It is based on the recognition of the importance of this population to the continued health of zoos and the relative dearth of studies of their desires and behaviour. The paper is based on the results of a survey distributed to a convenience sample of the general public on the island of Jersey, UK in 2013. The results demonstrate that there are a variety of desirable traits including whether animals are endangered, active, and display intelligence. Regarding the animals the general public most wish to see, large mammals tend to dominate. The results have the potential to influence the future make-up of the animal population of a zoo but also have implications for the conservation and educational programmes zoos provide for visitors.     

Does Question Format Matter? Valuing an Endangered Species

A three-way treatment design is used to compare contingent valuation response formats. Respondents are asked to value an endangered species (the red-cockaded woodpecker) and the restoration of its habitat following a natural disaster. For three question formats (open-ended, payment card, and double-bounded dichotomous choice), differences in survey response rates, item non-response rates, and protest bids are examined. Bootstrap techniques are used to compare means across formats and to explore differences in willingness to pay (WTP) distribution functions. Convergent validity is found in a comparison of mean WTP values, although some differences are apparent in the cumulative distribution functions. Differences across formats are also identified in item non-response rates and proportion of protest bids. Overall, the payment card format exhibits desirable properties relative to the other two formats.     

闽台水产品出口种类结构比较研究

在确定水产品研究范围的基础上,利用闽台水产品出口贸易数据,比较分析1996～2010年闽台水产品出口种类结构。并结合分散度指数和结构变化指数,实证分析了闽台水产品出口产品结构的特征和变化趋势。结果表明:福建水产品出口结构逐渐趋于分散,而台湾则越来越高度集中于一类产品。在分析其发生原因的基础上,提出促进福建与台湾水产品出口并加强闽台渔业合作的政策建议。     

时间序列植被指数重构方法比对研究

时间序列植被指数在植被遥感监测中发挥着重要的作用,但其往往存在大量噪声影响,在应用之前需要进行时序植被指数重构。耕地植被指数是进行农作物长势监测与估产以及农业生态系统对气候变化响应等研究的重要工具,本研究借助MODIS植被指数产品,以东北三省耕地为研究区域,针对非对称高斯函数拟合（AG）、双Logistic函数拟合（DL）和Savitzky-Golay滤波（SG）三种常见的时序植被指数重构方法,从原始数据质量对时间序列植被指数重构的影响、不同重构方法对原始数据的保真性和基于不同重构方法的耕地生长季长度空间格局等方面进行了对比分析。首先对NDVI及其质量控制数据进行分析,探讨原始数据质量对时序植被指数重构的影响;然后选择若干随机抽样点,从定性和定量两个角度来评价不同方法对时序植被指数的重构效果;最后借助研究区的耕地物候特征,间接对不同的时序植被指数重构方法进行对比。结果表明,在东北三省利用这三种方法进行耕地时序植被指数重构时需要引入质量控制数据,AG拟合和DL拟合在该地区耕地时序植被指数重构时表现相似且比SG滤波更加适宜。     

NDVI在农作物监测中的研究与应用

归一化差值植被指数(normalized difference vegetation index,NDVI)是农作物监测中应用最为广泛的光谱参数之一,在农作物生产与管理中具有重要的实际指导意义.该文就NDVI在作物产量、生物量、收获指数、叶面积指数、营养状况、作物冻害等方面的研究与应用作一综述,并总结当前研究中存在的问题与不足,提出了NDVI在今后作物监测中进一步的研究重点.     

锡林浩特草原植被盖度变化研究

该文选用锡林浩特市1989年和2002年两个时期的landsat-5 TM影像,剔除了影像中的水体、农田(撂荒地)、城镇用地、云以及云造成的大面积阴影,取1989年草原区与2002年草原区的交集作为具体研究区域,计算出该区域的SAVI指数,结合地面实测数据,得出两个时期锡林浩特地区草原的植被盖度。结果表明:研究区域内2002年有2 790.70km2草地盖度出现不同程度增加,主要分布在东南部和西部小部分地区,占研究区域总面积的19.46%。有11 552.77km2草地盖度出现不同程度降低,占研究区域总面积的80.54%,小部分地区甚至出现了土壤沙化。     

山东省沿海软骨鱼的种类与分布

山东省海域有软骨鱼40种,隶属于21科;介绍了软骨鱼的分布。     

基于Extend的多品种少批量生产控制策略研究

建立高效的多品种小批量的生产系统,来快速响应多变的市场需求,是企业的生存之道,却又是制造企业的“痛”。在对多品种小批量生产特性分析研究的基础上,运用CONWIP控制策略思想,提出了更为实用的CONTIP（CONstant Time In Process）策略,并通过建立Ewtend仿真模型来验证策略的有效性,同时深入探讨了产品组合、生产瓶颈和生产设备使用率等因素对生产过程控制的影响,有助于对多品种小批量生产的进一步研究。     

常绿阔叶林恢复过程植物物种多样性的变化

Evergreen broad-leaved forest is one of the most important vegetation types in China. Because of the human activities, evergreen broad-leaved forest has been destroyed extensively, leading to degraded ecosystem. It is urgent to conserve and restore these natural forests in China.tn this paper, the tendency and rate of species diversity restoration of the evergreen broad-lea ved forest in Darning Mountain has been studied. The main results are as follows:(a) in subtropical mid-mountain area, species diversity in degraded evergreen broad-leaved forest can be restored. Through analyzing b diversity index of communities in different time and space, it was found that the species composition of communities tend to be the same as that in the zonal evergreen broad-leaved forest. (b) The restoration rate of evergreen broad-leaved forest was very fast. Planting Chinese fir after clear-cutting and controlled burning of the forest 178 species appeared in a 60Om^2, sample area after 20 years““ natural recovering. Among these species, 58 were tree layer and the height of community reached 18m, The survey suggested that it would take only 20 years for the degraded forest to develop into community composed of light demanding broad-leaved pioneer trees and rain-tolerance broad-leaved trees, and it need another 40-80 years to reach the stage consisting of min-tulerance evergreen broad-leaved trees, (c) Species number increased quickly at the early stage (2-20 years) during vegetation recovering process toward the climax, and decreased at the min-stage (50-60 years ), then maintained a relatively stable level at the late-stage (over 150 years).     

江苏省植被覆盖度影响因子研究

利用相关性分析、逐步回归、灰色关联等方法,分析气象、社会经济因子对江苏省区域植被覆盖的影响。结果表明:气象因子是江苏省植被覆盖的主要影响因素,人类活动协同气象因子产生影响。植被覆盖度与春、夏、秋、冬四季气温和年日照时数呈显著或极显著的相关关系.与年降水量呈单峰曲线关系。其中四季气温是植被覆盖的主要驱动因子。若在气候环境不发生异常变化的条件下,发展集约型经济.合理利用土地资源并有效控制人口增长等社会经济因子将有利于提高江苏省区域植被覆盖度,实现生态经济可持续发展。