Virtuous Responses to Organizational Crisis: Aaron Feuerstein and Milt Colt

This study examines two recent cases of ethical responses to crisis management; the 1995 fire at Malden Mills and Aaron Feuerstein's response, and a 1998 fire at Cole Hardwoods, followed by the response of CEO Milt Cole. The authors describe these crises, the responses of Feuerstein and Cole, their motivations and the impact on crisis stakeholders using the principles of virtue ethics and effective crisis management. What emerges is set of post-crisis virtues grounded in values of corporate social responsibility and entrepreneurial ethics. These include virtues of immediacy of response, supportiveness of victims, and rebuilding and renewal.     

相辅相成相得益彰--学习江泽民同志德治与法治并重新理念的体会

该文认为江泽民同志提出法治与德治并重的新理念,是对马列主义、毛泽东思想、邓小平理论的创新与发展,也是以江泽民同志为核心的第三代领导集体对治国方略的重大提升.作者结合自身技术监督工作的实践,谈了执法人员在工作中坚持法治与德治并重的体会.     

试论康德道德形而上学德性论的“建筑术”——兼与亚里士多德幸福论德性论“建筑术”比较

建筑术（architectonic）的问题在康德整个思想体系一直都是重要的。康德所理解的建筑术是一种理性的先天架构。从康德全部思想体系中的先天思想如何层层演绎和推理角度，可以探究其思想建筑术的线索；从康德德性论道德形而上学基本概念和论证出发，可以考察其建筑术之运思。亚里士多德幸福论的德性论中也存在建筑术，通过比较亚里士多德与康德建筑术，可以深化对两种德性论建筑术及其道德意识结构的理解。康德的德性论建筑术是一种道德性的建筑术，德性论中道德意识结构，即德行（Tugend）的存有论是行动出于德性（Sittlichkeit）；而亚氏的则属于目的性的建筑术，德性论中的道德意识结构则是灵魂合于逻各斯的中道选择。     

Exploring civic virtue and turnover intention during organizational changes

Mergers and acquisitions (M&A) are probably the most common strategic manoeuvres in business. Given the critical importance of human factors for their success, this study aims to enhance understanding of employee reactions to such projects. This article looks into the way that psychological contract breach affects employee turnover intention and civic virtue, after taking into consideration the mediating role of organizational commitment and the moderating role of coping with changes. Data were obtained from employees at a recently acquired restaurant chain in Athens, Greece. Statistical analyses confirmed all hypotheses, with one exception.     

How Positive and Neo‐Aristotelian Leadership Can Contribute to Ethical Leadership

Virtuous leadership is crucial for advancing leadership ethics. By comparing Positive Leadership and its notion of virtuousness with neo‐Aristotelian leadership based on virtue, this article sheds light on this research field. We expound on the differences and commonalities between the two and present possibilities of how they can enrich each other and further ethical leadership theory. Our findings concern the purported Aristotelian roots of virtuousness, the relative strengths and weaknesses of the positive and the neo‐Aristotelian approaches, and the interplay between technical skills and ethical excellence in leadership. We propose the adoption of practical managerial tools and procedures from Positive Leadership, making them dependent upon the virtues to achieve flourishing within organizations and society at large. © 2018 ASAC. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

The ethics behind efficiency

The normative elements underlying efficiency are more complex than generally portrayed and rely upon ethical frameworks that are generally absent from classroom discussions. Most textbooks, for example, ignore the ethical differences between Pareto efficiency (based on voluntary win-win outcomes) and the modern Kaldor-Hicks efficiency used in public policy assessments (in which winners gain more than losers lose). For the latter to be ethically palatable, society must have in place basic institutions of justice, transparency, and accountability. Normative economics thus requires a pluralist approach that includes considerations of virtue and duty, closer to Adam Smith's Enlightenment conceptions. This surprising finding should embolden economics teachers to engage students with critical thinking problems that are controversial and relevant, and which better prepare students for a complex world.     

How Virtue Fits Within Business Ethics

This paper proposes that managers add an attention to virtues and vices of human character as a full complement to moral reasoning according to a deontological focus on obligations to act and a teleological focus on consequences (a balanced tripartite approach). Even if the criticisms of virtue ethics cloud its use as a mononomic normative theory of justification, they do not refute the substantial benefits of applying a human character perspective – when done so in conjunction with also-imperfect act-oriented perspectives. An interactive tripartite approach is superior for meeting the complex requirements of an applied ethic. To illustrate how deficiencies of a "strong" virtue ethics formulation can be overcome by a balanced tripartite approach, this paper compares normative leadership paradigms (each based on a combination of virtue, deontology, or consequentialist perspectives) and the dangers inherent in each. The preferred paradigm is servant leadership, grounded in a tripartite ethic. Effective application of such an ethics approach in contemporary organizations requires further empirical research to develop a greater understanding of the moral language actually used. Meeting this challenge will allow academics better to assist practicing managers lead moral development and moral reasoning efforts.     

Codes of Ethics,Orientation Programs,and the Perceived Importance of Employee Incorruptibility

The purpose of this study was to determine the degree to which the review of corporate ethics codes is associated with individuals’ perceptions of the importance of virtue ethics, or more specifically, employee incorruptibility. A convenience sample of individuals working for a university or one of several business organizations located in the Mountain West region of the United States was compiled with a self-report questionnaire. A usable sample of 143 persons representing both the public and private industries was secured for use in this study. The results of an analysis of covariance showed that reviewing ethics codes during employee orientation was positively related to individuals’ beliefs that incorruptibility is an important individual virtue. The managerial implications of the findings are discussed along with suggestions for future research.     

孔子旅游思想:研究述评与再审视

目前学术界对孔子旅游思想的研究涉及到孔子旅游活动的分类，远游观和近游观，提倡听乐观礼的文化之游和体山悟水的自然之游，反对佚游等旅游态度，以及山水比德的旅游审美观等，并认为孔子的旅游思想是功利性的。本文在评述前人成果基础上，指出研究中存在对“旅游”内涵界定不明确，对旅游行为分类不合理，论证中的牵强附会之风，以及比德观的简单化认识等问题，并对孔子“比德”的旅游审美观进行了再审视，认为对孔子的旅游观做功利与否的断定是不切实际和没有意义的。