网络环境下私人复制的性质分析

在当今网络时代的大环境下,私人复制已成为社会生活的常见行为,给予私人复制行为的合法性和复制权的基础地位,在印刷时代和电子时代似乎并不引人注目。然而,在网络环境下,由于复制的快捷性和批量性等新技术特点,使原来的"合理使用"论受到了前所未有的质疑和挑战。结合我国立法司法现状,需要重新界定网络环境下私人复制的性质,对私人复制加以法律规制,即将三步检验法纳入到《著作权法》中;将个人欣赏性质由合理使用变为法定许可。     

基于熵值法的安徽省地区环境友好度分析

依据2011年数据,研究安徽省各地市环境友好度,并进行排序。结果是各地市环境友好程度参差不齐,池州市、宣城市、安庆市等地区环境友好度综合测评值显著高于淮南市、淮北市等地。淮南市、淮北市均是以煤炭为主体兼有其它多种矿产资源的城市,同时淮北市水资源又相对短缺,由于煤炭矿产资源的大量开发,造成城市生态环境恶化。而池州市、宣城市在安徽省内虽不是经济强市,但生态环境良好,经济与人口、环境协调发展。为改善各地环境友好状况,促进安徽省各地市环境友好型社会建设,应优化政府在"环境友好型社会"建设中的各种职能,优化产业结构,促进形成产业集群,促进环境税制改革,强化公众环保意识,使公众为建设环境友好型社会做出贡献。     

我国扩大内需的社会政策研究——基于改善消费环境的视角

近些年来,为解决我国居民消费率持续偏低问题,我国政府相继出台了如家电下乡、社会保障体系改革、文化宣传和引导等一系列扩大内需的消费政策,对内需不足起到了一定程度的缓解作用。但尚未取得预期效果。面对国际国内经济发展态势,长期坚持扩大内需政策是我国经济持续发展的必然选择。我国应进一步改善消费环境,加大社会保障制度改革力度;正确对待传统的消费文化观念,营造良好的文化环境;扫除消费体制障碍,优化消费的制度环境;加强基础设施建设,打造良好的消费硬环境。     

基于内、外部环境分析的小微企业竞争力研究

目前,我国约有6000万中小微企业,占全国企业总数的99%。影响小微企业竞争力的因素主要来自内部与外部环境方面。提升我国小微企业市场竞争力,在外部环境方面,我国应完善国家技术创新体系,优化技术创新投入机制;进一步改善小微企业融资机制;建立小微企业人力资源培训平台;降低小微企业税费负担。在内部环境方面:小微企业应转变企业发展观念,找准市场定位;建立小微企业组织变动机制;规范小微企业经营行为,增强小微企业信用强度;提高企业领导者的素质;重视人才建设,建立企业机动用人机制;提高企业技术创新能力;发展企业文化。     

The Environmental Benefits of Organic Wine: Exploring Consumer Willingness-to-Pay Premiums?

Consumers and the producers have shown interest in organics, but there exist gaps in their common interest. Producers require premiums for their products based on the peculiarity of their production circumstances and the perceived benefits inherent in their products. Predicting consumer willingness to pay a premium for the environmental benefits of organics (WTPe) is a challenge and is of interest in this study. The contingent valuation method was used to gather information on WTPe from a sample that yielded 2,099 surveys. The econometric test ordered probit regression and other analyses were carried out. On average, respondents indicated WTP 23% premium. The proposed hypotheses were tested, and all were accepted except social demographic variables that presented a mixed outcome. The results have implications for consumer sensitization and enlightenment programs of the wine industry, wine market segmentation, and government’s climate change policy. This study is exploratory and has presented a snapshot scenario. Confirmatory and longitudinal studies are recommended to validate this study’s outcomes.     

Institutional Realities and Constraints on Change: The Case of SME in Russia

This article presents the results of exploratory field research investigating the impact of the enabling institutional environment and internal firm capabilities in the information technology sector in St. Petersburg, Russia. Through a series of semi-structured interviews and confirmatory research through the UNDP and UNIDO, the study finds the emerging institutional environment remains weak, unpredictable and unstable, creating challenges for SMEs to contribute to the growth and development of the Russian economy.     

The Competitiveness of the Maritime Clusters in the Baltic Sea Region: Key Challenges from the Finnish Perspective

This article examines the Finnish maritime cluster by identifying the key challenges hindering its competitiveness. The main bottlenecks for the future are concluded to comprise rising cost levels in relation to customer demand, the need for human and capital resources, the need for financial and scientific support for innovation activities, and the lack of contacts and resources when competing for large-scale international projects. These issues are relevant also for the other maritime clusters in the Baltic Sea Region. Thus, joint policies and cooperation in tackling these issues could support the competitiveness of the maritime sector in the whole region.     

Innovations in the Baltic Rim Region until 2025: Challenges and Prospects

This article examines the role of different actors (European Union [EU] structures, governmental institutions of the member-states, and regional companies with global outreach) in development of the innovation strategy in the Baltic Sea Rim. We identify three sub-regions, which are now in the stage of gradual convergence (“old” and “new” member-states of the EU as well as Russia), and focus on the main challenge to the region today, which is the ability of its countries to secure and strengthen the liberal nature of their socioeconomic systems. This research is based on the findings of the studies undertaken by authors as well as on our personal experience in the development of the Russian innovative ecosystem. It concludes that to avoid technological lagging behind other regions, governments of the Baltic Sea countries should complement the EU policies by implementing a set of proactive measures aimed at promotion of national innovations and intraregional cooperation.     

高超声速风洞进气道流量系数测量精度影响因素研究

进气道是飞行器动力装置的重要组成部分,准确测量进气道流量系数是进气道风洞试验的重要内容。对来流马赫数Ma=4.5,5.0和6.0状态下皮托管进气道开展流量系数测量研究,通过对比理论值和实测值,获取各状态流量系数修正系数。试验结果表明,随着来流马赫数增加,进气道流量系数与理论值偏差较明显,并逐渐增大。超声速风洞试验通常认为测量截面总温与来流总温相等,通过对测量截面总温与来流总温偏差以及测量截面流场畸变情况的分析,判断测量偏差主要是由测量截面总温等于来流总温的假设导致的。在高超声速风洞试验中,由于模型壁面热交换的存在,测量截面总温低于来流总温,进气道流量系数测量时需要进行总温修正,以提高流量测量精度。      

再论我国国际贸易学阐述体系的若干缺失——一个简明的实例分析

从本文所选的60个样本来看,我国国际贸易学阐述体系存在着如下的明显缺失:(1)国际贸易政策阐述不当的问题相当严重;(2)不能弘扬正确经济理念的现象比较广泛;(3)国际贸易理论梳理依然存在一些共同不足;(4)国际贸易环境分析还有待进一步深化;(5)经济实践所急需的知识增补相当薄弱。因此,现在是认真变革我国国际贸易学阐述体系的时候了。