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21.
In 2010, the Indian government declared 2010–2020 to be the ‘Decade of Innovation’ and established the State Innovation Councils and Sectoral Innovation Councils to encourage and facilitate innovation by technological firms. In this paper, we study the relationship between collaboration and innovation in a cross‐section of Indian firms, paying particular attention to the impact of the innovation councils. Our results suggest that domestic collaborations have an important impact on firm innovation, as do the innovation councils, but that the impact of the councils is less for firms that collaborate.  相似文献   
22.
This article interrogates the nature of political agency deployed at sites of market‐oriented water reforms. It presents a case study from Bangalore, India of a water project mandating significant ‘beneficiary’ cash contributions from lower‐middle‐class dwellers for the capital cost of extending piped water to the city's peripheries. Drawing on quantitative and ethnographic data, it illustrates why property owners who lack formal water access and land tenure — groups referred to in this article as the ‘peripheralized middle class’ — consent to paying for pipes rather than resist all together despite the high cost involved. It argues that far from reflecting an internalization of a ‘willingness to pay’ or ‘stakeholder’ ethos celebrated by development practitioners today, payment for water provides an insurgent means to bargain for greater symbolic recognition, respectability and material benefits from the state. In particular, payment for pipes enables peripheral dwellers to strengthen their claims to secure land tenure in an era of exclusionary and punitive spatial policies. Payment thus comprises a terrain of contested meaning making and political struggle, at the heart of which lie the stakes of urban citizenship. In documenting the process by which property related interests and tenure claims are advanced under a scenario of reforms, this article contributes to Gramscian political‐ecological conversations on subaltern political agency and the lived character of hegemony in urban environments.  相似文献   
23.
We study convex risk measures describing the upper and lower bounds of a good deal bound, which is a subinterval of a no‐arbitrage pricing bound. We call such a convex risk measure a good deal valuation and give a set of equivalent conditions for its existence in terms of market. A good deal valuation is characterized by several equivalent properties and in particular, we see that a convex risk measure is a good deal valuation only if it is given as a risk indifference price. An application to shortfall risk measure is given. In addition, we show that the no‐free‐lunch (NFL) condition is equivalent to the existence of a relevant convex risk measure, which is a good deal valuation. The relevance turns out to be a condition for a good deal valuation to be reasonable. Further, we investigate conditions under which any good deal valuation is relevant.  相似文献   
24.
We examine the change in the effect of Federal Reserve’s policy actions on stock returns after the Fed started to use unconventional policy actions. We find that the response of stock returns to monetary policy actions are almost seven times higher after the federal funds rate hit the zero lower bound. We conduct additional analysis to examine the underlying causes of the increase in the impact of monetary policy actions of stock returns. We show that investors rebalance their portfolios towards equity after selling Treasury securities to the Federal Reserve during large scale asset purchases.  相似文献   
25.
零库存是一个比较特殊的概念,文中解析了零库存的内涵,对服装行业如何实现零库存提出了自己的见解。  相似文献   
26.
零库存现今越来越受重视,服装企业由于其特性,如果能实现零库存必将给其带来长久的利益。美特斯邦威是国内知名的服装企业,文中通过对美邦零库存的实现进行分析,来了解实现零库存应实施的措施和零库存管理的优越性。  相似文献   
27.
JefVerschueren的语用学综观下的顺应性理论认为,使用语言即是在不同意识程度下为适应交际需要而不断做出选择的过程,并以此为语用学提供了全面而科学的研究视角.本文通过"给力"的现象描述出发分析了零翻译现象,并从语言结构顺应,心理世界顺应和意识程度顺应的视角探讨了顺应论和零翻译现象的关系.  相似文献   
28.
气候变化与黄河中下游地区的早期稻作农业   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
随着中国全新世大暖期的到来,黄河中下游地区迎来了温暖湿润的气候环境,这为农业生产提供了前所未有的优越条件。虽然黄河中下游地区是以旱作农业为主体的,但在粟作农业发展的同时,稻作农业也在孕育发生。从距今七八千年的裴李岗文化时期直到夏商时代,尽管其间气候状况发生过冷暖波动,稻作的发展也存在有起伏变化,但在整个全新世大暖期,稻作农业基本上都在逶迤发展着。实际上在全新世大暖期存在着一个粟稻混作区,其范围随着气候变化虽在不断波动,但大体位置在黄淮之间。这与黄河中下游地区所处的南北生态过渡带的地理环境密不可分,也是南北文化交流的重要体现。从裴李岗文化时期到夏商时代的早期稻作农业,也经历了一个发生、发展的演变过程,它对黄河流域的古代农业及社会发展产生了深远的影响,也充分显示了气候变化对农业和社会发展的重要影响及作用。  相似文献   
29.
We consider the determination of optimal portfolios under a lower bound on the final wealth. Possible applications range from capital guarantee strategies over life insurance investment where part of the benefit is a guaranteed return on capital to continuous-time mean-variance problems with a strictly positive lower bound. Our solution method consists of transforming the original problem into a portfolio problem without a positive lower bound but a transformed utility function and a modified initial wealth.  相似文献   
30.
本文对LLL1200×650B型煤泥离心脱水机投用前后产品指标进行对比分析,介绍了该型号煤泥离心脱水机的使用效果,降低了生产成本,保证产品的水分合格,提高我厂的经济效益。  相似文献   
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