Analyzing long-term average adjustment of financial ratios with spatial interactions

The aim of this paper is to put forward a beta convergence model using spatial interaction to evaluate the dynamics of financial ratios. We overcome some of the limitations that come from the traditional partial adjustment model by relating both models. We show that the parameters of the two models may be connected. As an example, we discuss the case of a large sample of medium to high-tech industrial small and medium enterprises (SMEs) located along the Spanish Mediterranean coast. Our findings support the existence of a long-term average adjustment process in the financial ratios of this set of companies which depends on the characteristics of the firms in their neighborhood.     

应用R2V进行MapInfo矢量图层的再校准和投影转换

通过R2V引入Maplnfo矢量图层窗口的栅格图像及相应的矢量图层，依据矢量图层上的标记点重新设定控制点，再将矢量图层导出为新的MapInfo矢量图层，实现了Maplnfo矢量图层的再校准。按照高斯一克吕格直角坐标编辑控制点的坐标值，并依据不同的分带号编辑mif文件，可实现非地理坐标向地理坐标的转换。本方法也可应用到其他GIS软件中矢量图层的再校准及投影变换。     

The impact of financial and human resources on the export performance of Russian firms

This study contributes to the literature by investigating for the first time the effects of the entrepreneurial environment on export survival in Russia. Using the continuous-time Cox model and discrete-time complementary log-log and probit models, we study the effects of the availability of human and financial resources on export survival across Russian regions between 2002 and 2010. Taking into account uncertainty and time effects reveals that these effects are falling over time and are more important for larger exporters. Thus, there is evidence of a learning curve for exporters when the latter become more efficient in dealing with regional-level resources and the regulatory environment over time.     

新药研发项目的功能价值评价

在对标准普尔评级的10大潜力新药入选原因的分析的基础上,提出明确新药的功能价值分类,同时汇总了四种新药功能价值的评估方法,为价值工程在新药研发中的应用提供了理论支持。目前国内研发实力薄弱、研发投入不断增加,采用功能价值评估,深入挖掘新药功能价值,才能更有效地利用研发投入,实现新药研发形势的稳步改善。     

Total factor productivity analysis of the UK airport industry: A Hicks-Moorsteen index method

This study examines the total factor productivity (TFP) change of the UK airport industry from 2001 to 2009 using a Hicks-Moorsteen index method. The results show that the industry experienced an average annual growth in TFP of 0.32 per cent with efficiency change being the main contributor to the TFP growth. We find that private UK airports enjoy slightly higher TFP growth than those in public or mixed ownership. Regulation and airport size are found to have statistically significant effects on the airport productivity level.     

金融与经济危机对欧美企业研发战略的影响

全球正在经历二战以来最严重的金融和经济危机，给各行各业企业的生存和发展带来挑战。本文综述了有关危机对企业研发影响的文献，分析了危机中欧关企业的研发战略调整，特别是危机中生物制药企业和能源企业研发战略的调整，探讨了危机中政府应该采取的干预措施。     

MINERS' COTTAGES

The major visual reminder of Victoria's nineteenth-century gold rushes is the thousands of miners' cottages, which remain a significant part of the housing stock of former mining towns. This article traces the evolution of these modest structures that were adopted to solve the pressing problem of providing affordable and quickly constructed housing for gold miners once the alluvial rushes were over. Simple construction methods combined with cheap land on which to build allowed miners to construct and own their own homes to an extent not achieved elsewhere by manual workers in the developing world in the nineteenth century.     

久菱牌3ZP-0.8型甘蔗中耕培土机的研发

3ZP-0.8型甘蔗中耕培土机是广西贵港动力有限公司新研发的机型。文章叙述3ZP-0.8型甘蔗中耕培土机关键部件的结构特点,并通过试验表明：该机适用于在行距为0.9～1.2 m的甘蔗行内进行中耕作业,达到碎土除草、起垄培土的目的。     

简析美国高校科研资金投入的构成

本文研究了近年来企业和其他非政府机构对美国高校研发资金的持续投入，并对资金构成进行了综合比较分析。作者认为，美国高校的科研经费资助格局呈现出多元化的趋势，同时美国仍在着力加强前沿重点学科领域的资助力度，确保美国在21世纪的科研竞争力水平保持全球领先。     

The trade creation effect of immigrants: evidence from the remarkable case of Spain

Abstract This paper investigates the immigration‐trade link using data on individual exporting transactions and immigrants in Spanish provinces between 1995 and 2008. We quantify the impact of new immigrants on the extensive margin (number of transactions) and intensive margin (average value per transaction) of exports. We find that immigrants significantly increase exports and that the effect is almost entirely due to an increase in the extensive margin. Consistent with the idea that immigrants reduce the fixed cost of exporting, we find stronger effects for differentiated goods and for countries that are culturally distant from Spain.