Tourist-income multipliers for Turkey

Differential tourist-income multipliers were calculated for Turkey using conventional input-output methodology and standard linear equations. High values were obtained for the ratio multipliers demonstrating the importance of secondary effects to the Turkish economy. Results indicated that tourists who spent more on retail purchases and less on hotels and restaurants, had a greater propensity to generate more direct and induced income. Information on relative impacts and touristspending patterns could therefore be useful to the policy makers.     

网络外部性与软件产业技术扩散

对我国软件产业而言,缺乏核心技术是制约发展的瓶颈问题,而技术扩散是解决软件产业技术落后的主要方法。本文从网络外部性的角度入手,分析了软件产业网络外部性的特点、网络外部性对软件产业的影响、以及在网络外部性下形成的不同市场结构,并以“结构一行为一绩效”的产业组织分析范式为基础,研究了不同市场结构下软件产业的技术扩散行为。     

21世纪中国饭店业的知本竞争

本文从饭店管理的四个层面出发,在对知本及知本竞争的概念与内涵界定的基础上,重点论述了中国饭店业知本竞争的战略指导思想、具体措施及企业文化建设的若干问题。     

Entry and the Number of Firms in the Swedish Pharmaceuticals Market

This paper analyses the factors that determineentry into the Swedish pharmaceuticals market. The analysis is based onpanel data for 22 different substances covering the years 1972 to 1996. Theresults show that profit opportunities in a particular market have apositive impact on entry. In addition, there is some evidence suggestingthat the length of the patent protection period has a negative impact onentry.     

日本渔业的生产经营与课题

日本地理环境优越,渔业生产经营。但是在经历了经济高速发展年代的掠夺式捕捞之后,水产资源减少,渔业生产经营下滑,环保规制加强。在此背景下,日本调整渔业生产经营结构,引进总容许渔获量制度,提倡营造诱渔林,改善渔村环境,收到初步成效;同时,也面临渔业后继乏人、生产效率和效益低迷等问题。其经验教训值得我国借鉴,其进口需求扩大不失为我扩大对日水产品出口的良机。     

中国船舶工业发展的战略思考

本文从船舶工业在中国国民经济中的地位和现阶段经济发展中的作用出发,系统地分析了加快中国船舶工业发展所具备的主要条件,指出船舶工业是推动产业结构升级的战略性产业;针对中国加入WTO后面临的新形势,认为中国船舶工业发展要实现做大、做强的战略目标,就必须克服船舶工业发展中的“低成本＋低效率”引起的结构性矛盾,从转变企业机制和优化政策环境着手,提出了加快中国船舶工业发展的战略措施。     

关于网络行业竞争与接入定价的理论分析

网络行业在引入竞争后,很难再保证其普遍服务目标的实现。本文根据进入者进入情况的不同,从理论上分析了针对不同的情况,管制者应如何设立普遍服务基金及制定相庆的接入价格,使得网络行业在保证普遍服务目标实现的同时,又能有效竞争,提高这些行业的经营效率。     

The political economy of gender disparity in musical markets

This paper examines the role and functioning of women withinthe music industry from a broadly economic perspective whichstarts from standard notions of biological differences and theoriesof discrimination. Disparities in employment as a musician andoutput as a composer are considered. It is clear that femalerepresentation deviates considerably from parity. While consciousdiscrimination at the point of trade seems not to be a largefactor in this, unconscious discrimination in early musicalcapital investment sets in motion a chain of events which limitfemale performance in musical markets.     

Substitution Possibility between Unpriced Pulp and Wastepaper in the U.S. Paper and Paperboard Industry

A greater use of recycled wastepaper would preserve virgin forests as well as reducing the amount of wastepaper going to landfills. These environmental goals depend critically on the elasticity of substitution between pulp and wastepaper in producing paper and paperboard. Since most of the pulp consumed by U.S. paper mills and paperboard mills is transferred internally from vertically integrated pulp mills, the price data on pulp is not available. This paper constructs an econometric model which enables us to estimate the substitution possibility between unpriced pulp and wastepaper in the U.S. paper and paperboard industry. Empirical results show that the elasticity of substitution between unpriced pulp and wastepaper is positive, but not statistically significant.     

企业长期投资与商业银行信贷安全——以发电业为例进行分析

由于我国商业银行对企业的长期信贷在宏观上缺乏风险分担和直接控制的制度安排，担任企业长期投资的主要融资渠道是我国商业银行信贷安全重要的不利影响因素。发电业是同时高度运用银行长、短期信贷的典型行业，本文通过对2000-2004年29家发电业上市公司年报数据的分析，证实了在发电业的投资、融资和生产活动中，日常运营中设备开工率和销售利润率的变化对总负债水平和短期负债水平均无显著影响，而高度依赖银行贷款的新增固定资产项目建设对总体负债水平和短期负债水平的提高均有显著正影响。这表明由于缺乏其他项目融资渠道，发电业长期投资的风险过度集中地转移到商业银行体系。