人口和计划生育利益导向政策研究:回顾与前瞻

人口和计划生育利益导向政策的发展经历了从最初简单的节育手术等节制生育的服务措施,到明确将利益导向政策上升到国家制度层面,再到全面建设和发展利益导向政策体系的几个重要阶段。随着计划生育政策目标由降低生育率向稳定低生育水平、统筹解决人口问题、实现人口长期均衡发展的转变,利益导向方法、手段与措施的不断丰富与拓展,人口和计划生育利益导向政策也面临着人口和计划生育利益导向政策的科学评估、普惠政策与利益导向政策协调机制的建立与完善、人口长期均衡发展背景下计划生育利益导向政策走向的明确等-系列新的研究课题。     

Intergenerational transmissions and sharing of musical taste practices

ABSTRACT

This study explores the lived dimensions of musical taste emerging from interactions over the life-course within the nuclear family. We address this subject using intergenerational transmission as a conceptual frame of reference simultaneously highlighting the dynamic and situated nature of musical taste, thus promoting a pragmatic approach. Our aim is to identify the moments, the contents, the goals and the processes linked to intergenerational transmissions. Interpreting the data from 18 parent-young adult dyads reveals: a parental mark imprinted mainly through impregnation; age and generation structuring musical taste (more at the level of listening devices); a low level of parental malleability; heterogeneous intergenerational interactions within the nuclear family, and the transmission of ‘old devices’. Finally, in line with practice theory, we show that the processes of intergenerational transmission with different agents involved can only happen with the support of objects, ‘doings’ performed with objects, and meanings associated with objects.     

Housing Acquaintance and Integration of Rural-urban Migrants＇ Family in City

住房获得对乡城移民而言不仅具有居住生活等使用价值,住房获得途径、结果的差异也具有阶层分化、身份认同等象征价值,是乡城移民家庭立足城市、实现城市融入的关键;乡城移民的家庭式迁移对城市住房问题提出了现实要求,城市住房政策需要随着乡城移民家庭城市融入的推进而不断变迁,二者相互调整和适应,才能真正推进我国的城市化进程。     

内部资本市场、上市公司投融资行为异化与公司业绩——基于明天科技的案例研究

在中国特殊的融资环境下,上市公司在民营系族企业集团内部资本市场上的功能定位,及其对上市公司投融资行为及公司业绩的影响,为规范我国民营上市公司投融资行为提供经验证据。采用案例研究的方法,本文发现,明天科技在明天系的内部资本市场中,承担着融资窗口的功能。在这种功能定位下,明天科技的投融资行为出现异化：一方面,明天科技的外部融资功能过度强化,其筹资额远远超过自身发展的需求;另一方面,明天科技大量进行长期股权投资,但长期股权投资并不是为了提升上市公司业绩,而是演变为向明天系其他企业提供资金的隐秘渠道。明天科技的异化投融资行为,导致上市公司业绩下滑,侵害中小投资者利益。     

Work-family conflict and organizational citizenship behavior: the role of job satisfaction and decision authority

Drawing upon the conservation of resources theory (Hobfoll, Am Psychol 44:513–524, 1989), social exchange theory (Blau, Exchange and power in social life, 1964)and the job demand-control model (Karasek, Adm Sci Q 24:285–308, 1979), this studyuncovers the theoretical mechanism that explains the relationship between workfamily conflict and organizational citizenship behavior (OCB). First, this study focuses on how employee job satisfaction mediates the relationship. Then, we investigate the moderating role of decision authority in the mediated relationship. We employ three-wave data collected from 324 employees in 102 teams to test our hypotheses. Results of hierarchical linear modeling (HLM) first shows that job satisfaction mediates the relationship between work interference with family (WIF) and OCB. In addition, employees’ decision authority moderates the direct effect of WIF on OCB. Specifically, the negative relationship between WIF and OCB is stronger when employees’ decision authority is high. Moreover, decision authority moderates the indirect effect of WIF on OCB via job satisfaction. Specifically, the negative relationship between WIF and job satisfaction is weaker when employees’ decision authority is high. The results suggest that organizations should give employees enough decision authority over their work, as a high level of decision authority may act as a double-edged sword regarding critical organizational outcomes.     

Nuclear power: The family in decolonial perspective and ‘pro-family’ politics in Africa

ABSTRACT

This article argues that the normative construction of ‘family’ in heteronormative ‘nuclear’ terms is infused with power relations, and therefore must not be taken for granted as an analytical category or concept. Not only a site where racialised and patriarchal western notions of sexed and gendered hierarchies have been naturalised and institutionalised, the ‘nuclear family’ model was positioned as a signifier of modernity, civilisation and progress within eurocentric knowledge construction that served colonial interests. This discussion reviews decolonial thinking on the nuclear family, as well as anti-imperialist literature on the colonial history of the nuclear family ideal. These perspectives are brought into conversation with current developments in which the nuclear family model is being reinvigorated by the conservative US-based ‘pro-family’ movement. The ‘family’, it is concluded, is entangled in multiple relations of geo-political power that should be taken into account in research and the production of knowledge around kinship in African contexts.     

论家族企业的定义

对家族企业的准确界定直接决定了这一领域研究的连续性和可继承性。不同的学者从家族参与度与CEO认知、家族所有权、家族管理控制权、代际权杖交接、多重条件限制、意向和愿景等角度提出了众多的定义,然而,它们都不能严格地将家族企业和非家族企业区分开来。本文将家族企业定义为家庭契约连结的企业组织,与此对应的非家族企业则是通过交易契约连结。家庭契约是一种强信任的、长期的和“连续性公平”的合意,而交易契约则是一种理性算计的、短期的和“竞争性公平”的契约。正是不同的契约性质导致了家族与企业非家族企业在管理行为和生产率上的不同表现。     

Family ties and employment behavior: The role of financial intermediaries

We study the interaction effect of financial intermediaries and family ties on labor participation and employment type in China. Although existing studies examine these effects separately, we investigate the effects of both factors in one model. We give empirical evidence to support earlier arguments that family ties negatively affect labor force participation and positively affect self‐/family‐employment behavior and that financial development positively affects labor force participation. Departing from the extant literature, our results overall indicate a compensating effect of financial intermediaries for family ties in labor participation and employment type. We further argue that there are gender, urban/rural, and age differences in the role of financial intermediaries. The effect of financial intermediaries on the strength of family ties is more relevant for female, rural, and younger people compared to male, urban, and older people.     

不同规模农户农业生产效率差异及影响因素研究——基于DEA-Tobit模型的实证分析

文章基于小麦主产区4个省份946个不同规模农户的调查数据,利用DEA模型和Tobit回归模型分析了小农户和家庭农场农业生产效率的影响机制。结果表明:家庭农场的农业生产效率明显高于小农户的农业生产效率,家庭农场的生产效率与经营规模呈倒"U"型变化特征;在影响因素方面,土地肥沃程度与农业技术指导对小农户和家庭农场的农业生产效率均有显著正向影响;家庭农场更倾向于通过提高受教育程度和增加单块耕地面积来提升农业生产效率;而小农户的农业生产效率对农户年龄和农户从事农作物种植年限呈现出较强的依赖性。基于此,建议有针对性地加大农业技术指导,适度扩大农业生产经营规模,加强小农户与新型农业经营主体之间的合作与联合,促进农业生产向高质量发展。