浙江省水利投融资的分析

在剖析了浙江省近年水利资金投向结构及水利建设资金来源构成的基础上，对浙江水利资金投向结构发生变化的原因以及浙江水利融资的特点进行了分析研究，提出了今后稳定水利投资规模的对策和建议。     

宁夏农业发展的生态问题与保护治理的投融资机制研究

宁夏农业的发展面临着严重的生态问题,其治理与保护的瓶颈之一就是资金不足。本文在分析了宁夏农地存在的生态问题和原有投资效果的基础下,结合生态保护和治理的特殊性,提出了新的融资模式和投资机制。融资模式可以采用基金会融资模式和准项目融资模式,以保证融资渠道的稳定长效。投资机制上应该考虑到生态退化程度不同的区域采用不同的投资途径以确保资金使用的有效。     

期权在公司财务金融中的运用

在现代公司中,财务金融具有融资决策和投资决策两个基本职能.期权作为一种特殊的投资工具,必须依靠资金、项目计划,根据对市场行情的合理预测,采取灵活有效的经营策略、操作技巧来运作,才有可能得到最大的投资收益和效应.它是人们为减少未来市场变化带来的损失可采用的一种既能进行投资获利、又把风险限定在某一范围的投资方式.     

我国中小企业融资问题的误区与对策

本文通过深入分析目前我国中小企业融资问题认识上存在的五个误区，即银行歧视中小企业、受制于风险投资、直接融资门槛高、只能依赖外部融资、地方政府支持不够，提出了解决中小企业融资问题的对策。     

平台融资与中小企业信用增级

制度困境是我国中小企业面临融资困境的关键原因。只有将大型金融机构的融资优势与政府的组织优势相结合，通过构建信用促进会，搭建适合中小企业融资的融资平台，增强对借款人风险和信用硬约束、防范风险，弥补制度缺损，提升信用等级，才能从根本上推动我国中小企业融资。     

税收政策与高科技企业研发融资效率的关系分析

本文以税收政策对高科技企业研发融资效率的研究为切入点,对广东省具有研发机构企业的现行税收政策对高科技企业研发融资效率的作用和影响进行了分析,在此基础上提出了适合高科技型企业R&D融资的税收政策的建议。     

Why Punish? Social reciprocity and the enforcement of prosocial norms

Recently economists have become interested in why people who face social dilemmas in the experimental lab use the seemingly incredible threat of punishment to deter free riding. Three theories with evolutionary microfoundations have been developed to explain punishment. We survey these theories and use behavioral data from surveys and experiments to show that the theory called social reciprocity in which people punish norm violators indiscriminately explains punishment best.JEL Classification: C91, C92, D64, H41 Correspondence to: Jeffrey P. CarpenterWe thank Carolyn Craven, Corinna Noelke and two referees for comments, and Middlebury College for financial assistance. In addition, Carpenter acknowledges the support of the National Science Foundation (SES-CAREER 0092953).     

我国跨国公司融资问题分析

我国跨国企业资本结构不尽合理，资产负债率总体水平偏低，而且呈稳中趋降的趋势。造成这一现象的根本原因是我国跨国企业在融资顺序的选择上倾向于股权融资而忽视债权融资，存在明显的股权融资偏好，这与融资优序理论相悖。本文以跨国企业为研究对象，从我国跨国企业融资行为及其导致的资本结构存在的问题入手，通过对这种现象产生的原因的深入分析，对我国跨国企业融资结构优化提出了几点建议。     

金融抑制与黑龙江省中小企业融资难题的破解思路

金融抑制是发展中国家的一个共同特征之一,也是形成黑龙江省中小企业融资困境的根本原因之一.政府管制的低利率造成巨大的融资缺口,商业银行只能通过信贷配给的方式安排有限的借贷资金;金融市场的分割形成金融体系的二元性,将中小企业排斥在正规金融体系之外,加大了其融资成本.深入分析金融抑制与中小企业融资困境的关系,才能找到破解中小企业融资难题的思路.重点是合理安排利率水平,加强利率市场化管理,并发展多层次的金融体系结构,进而为中小企业提供多渠道的融资途径.     

Government financing in an endogenous growth model with financial market restrictions

Summary. In this paper, we develop an endogenous growth model with market regulations on explicitly modeled financial intermediaries to examine the effects of alternative government financing schemes on growth, inflation, and welfare. In the presence of binding regulation, there is always a unique equilibrium. We perform four alternative policy experiments; a change in the seigniorage tax rate, a change in the seigniorage tax base, a change in the income tax and a change in the fiscal-monetary policy mix. We find that in the presence of binding legal reserve requirements, a marginal increase in government spending need not result in a reduction in the rate of economic growth if it is financed with an increase in the seigniorage tax rate. Raising the seigniorage tax base by means of an increase in the reserve requirement retards growth and it has an ambiguous effect on inflation. An increase in income tax financed government spending also suppresses growth and raises inflation although not to the extent that the required seigniorage tax rate alternative would. Switching from seigniorage to income taxation as a source of government finance is growth reducing but deflationary. From a welfare perspective, the least distortionary way of financing an increase in the government spending requirements is by means of a marginal increase in the seigniorage tax rate. Under the specification of logarithmic preferences, the optimal tax structure is indeterminate. Received: March 20, 2000; revised version: June 26, 2001