Strategies for Adopting Consumer‐generated Media in Small‐sized to Medium‐sized Tourism Enterprises

Consumer‐generated media (CGM) are created when consumers submit, review or respond to online content. The bulk of research into CGM has focussed upon its use by consumers, with less research examining the use of CGM by small businesses. This article discusses small business sector use of online technologies such as CGM, concentrating on tourism small businesses as a key industry sector affected by CGM activities. A CGM ‘strategy’ framework, developed from an existing small business strategy framework, is proposed. This serves as a practical tool for developing CGM strategies and as a theoretical foundation for conducting research into the use of CGM. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Initiating coverage,broker reputation and management earnings forecasts in Australia

We examine more than 5000 recommendations made by Australian brokers in the period 1996–2001. We find evidence that initiating recommendations produce greater share price responses than continuing recommendations, particularly for hold, underperform and sell recommendations. We also find evidence that initiating recommendations made by higher‐reputation brokers and those made in the absence of a management earnings forecast attract different share price responses. Finally, we find that share price responses to initiating recommendations, conditional on the market consensus recommendation, are significantly different to continuing recommendations.     

“双主型”大学英语教学模式研究

双主教学模式是一种能有效发挥教师主导作用和学生主体作用的教学模式。采用这种教学模式，可以有效地发挥学生思维能力、培养其综合应用能力。在现代信息技术手段日益获得提高的今天，充分利用网络资源的辅助作用，建立双主型大学外语教学模式，是高校大学英语教学改革的一种尝试。     

后现代主义影响下的消费文化评析

目前,后现代主义成为国际化的社会文化思潮.在这种思潮的影响下,消费文化发生了变迁.文章就后现代主义影响下的消费文化的特征、与大众传媒的关系及市场营销策略进行了分析探讨.     

Policing Transnational Commerce: Global Awareness in the Margins of Morality

Transnationals operate in what may be called the margins of morality because the historical, cultural, and governmental mores of the world's nation-states are not uniform. There is a gray area of ethical judgment where the standards of the transnational's home country differ substantially from those of the host country. Following the argument of institutional theory in providing stability and meaning to social behavior, in matters of moral conduct the transnational is likely to yield to at least four policing authorities: (1) itself, in terms of the integrity of its management and by decision-making that follows its own code of ethics, (2) other corporations within its competitive set, (3) governmental agencies including those of the host country, and (4) public exposure, which includes the media as well as non-governmental agencies such as offshore watchdog groups. The fourth mechanism, public exposure, is thought to be the most effective in policing transnational conduct.     

西方发达国家公共管理改革借鉴

近年来，西方发达国家公共管理改革中，出现的公共管理大力引入私营方式，视公民为“顾客”，给“顾客”公共选择权，强化竞争和绩效评估，以及加强法治建设等一系列新尝试，对于我国目前正在进行的公共管理改革实践具有十分重要的借鉴作用。     

Regression Sampling in Statistical Auditing: A Practical Survey and Evaluation

Several confidence intervals for the regression estimator are surveyed. A Monte Carlo experiment, based on the NETER and LOEBBECKE (1975) populations, gives estimated coverages and lengths of the different confidence intervals. One interval is exact under the assumption of multivariate normal distributions; it gives longer intervals (hence better coverages) than the interval based on a popular variance estimator. An interval due to ROBERTS (1970) is much too long. Jackknifing gives robust intervals. Rules of thumb for practitioners are given.     

Work relationships and media use: A social network analysis

Our research provided empirical evidence about the alternative means of communication used by 25 members of a research group who had available to them: unscheduled face-to-face encounters, sheduled face-to-face meetings, electronic mail, telephone, fax, and desktop videoconferencing. The intent of our research is to learn whether there are elements in existing group communication patterns that suggest how future communication systems can be designed or selected to fit the actual work relationships of a group. A detailed social network survey provided information about what members of the group communicated about, how they communicated, and with whom they communicated. Most communication was done through a combination of media, but predominately through unscheduled encounters, electronic mail, and scheduled meetings; people rarely videoconferenced, telephoned, or faxed. Factor analysis reduced the 24 work relationships to six distinct dimensions: receiving work, giving work, collaborative writing, major emotional support, sociability, and computer programming. The proportion in which the three main media were used varied according to the nature of the work dimension. Our findings suggest that a multivariate perspective that considers group norms and practices, social networks, and work dimensions is necessary to analyze media use.     

加强宣传思想工作建设推动企业扭亏增盈

企业文化建设也是生产力,在企业发展的不同阶段,企业文化工作者要以超常的工作状态,加快工作节奏,跟上企业发展的步伐,满足职工思想的需要。通过深入细致的思想政治工作调动职工积极性,要不断提高舆论宣传的引导水平,以求真务实的工作作风,狠抓工作落实,增强宣传思想工作的执行力。发挥党政工团协调联动的宣传思想工作大战线作用,增强宣传思想工作的吸引力、推动力,为企业扭亏增盈,度过难关,提供强有力的思想保证。     

新媒体的起源、发展和运营模式

本文结合多年从事新媒体的开创、研发、运营等实践,分析了新媒体形态的起源、成长发展及其运营模式。