笔绘唐卡损伤原因分析及维护与修复

笔绘唐卡的维护和修复是为长期保存作品而使用的重要技术。其关键在于能够对画面水渍、烟熏、霉斑、白粉层和颜料龟裂剥落、画面扭曲变形等问题分别进行清洁、填补、移植和整形,以达到防止损害现象进一步恶化,使唐卡的寿命得以延长。同时,为了减少先天性因素的损害,画师在作品尚未诞生前,对基底材料和颜料的选择及处理、调色与上色技术的运用等问题应予以重视。     

生态恢复与乡村旅游开发互动研究——以福建省光泽县杉关村为例

在通过对福建省光泽县止马镇杉关村生态环境和旅游资源现状进行实地调查的基础上,利用生态恢复理论对生态恢复与乡村旅游开发的互动关系进行分析结果表明:乡村生态旅游开发是促进杉关村生态恢复的有效途径。杉关村应在遵循生态恢复导向、景村一体化、特色性、社区参与、可操作性等原则的基础上,制定科学合理的旅游开发目标、以生态恢复为导向开发旅游项目、推进旅游开发的在地化、提升改造杉关村景观生态系统、加强杉关村生态环境保护、建立完善的社区参与机制,推动杉关村生态恢复与社会经济良性循环发展。     

2019年土地科学研究重点进展评述及2020年展望 ——土地工程与信息技术分报告

研究目的:归纳分析2019年国内外土地工程与信息技术领域的研究进展,展望2020年国内研究趋势.研究方法:文献法.研究结果:2019年国内土地工程和信息技术根据国家生态文明和绿色发展战略的要求和山水林田湖草生命共同体的思想,聚焦以生态优先的国土整治与开发,催生了全域土地综合整治、国土空间生态修复、矿山生态修复和土地监测及可视化等研究热点;国外研究侧重于土地整理再分配、土地复垦评价体系、土地开发的环境问题、生物修复技术、土地动态监测及评价.研究结论:2019年土地工程与信息技术,在国土综合整治、生态环境修复、国土空间开发、土地复垦质量、土地修复方法、动态监测技术等方面有所发展.2020年,将继续推进全域土地综合整治及生态环境修复技术及标准,进一步完善土地复垦学科体系、研发污染土地修复新材料与技术,以及加快土地信息技术多维度发展.     

Restorative quality in tourist hotel marketing pictures: natural and built characteristics

Individuals often expect to recover from the fatigue of their regular lives when they engage in tourism activities. However, the intangible features of the service lead to the tourist hotels must identify associated physical clues to include in marketing pictures. Those pictures should attract the attention of these pressured customers and influence their accommodation decisions. Based on attention restoration theory, this study used eye-tracking analysis and questionnaires to investigate the influence of images of natural and built hotel scenes on visual attention and assessments of the hotel’s restorative quality. This study used 24 marketing images from a hotel as the experimental stimulus, and 80 participants with an average age of 55 years participated in the experiments. Empirical results suggest that visual clues in hotel marketing pictures can influence customers’ visual behaviour and assessments of restorative quality. In particular, images of natural scenes may attract more visual attention than those of built scenes, and natural scenes may also signal higher restorative quality to potential customers.     

Resettlement＇s impact on the domestic economy in lake restoration： a case study of Poyang Lake region

The Chinese government started a take restoration project in Poyang Lake region 10 years ago, and the expost mOnitor of the migrants＇ livelihoods was limited, This paper compares the composition difference of domestic income and domestic consumption between migration and non-migration villages in Poyang Lake region. The results show that the migrants＇ domestic income has increased in the last 10 years, which originated from the tncreasing trend of active and extensive rural labor migration, while the resettlement has not influenced the domestic income significantly. The resettlement stimulates younger farmers to work.far away from home whose wages contribute nearly 80% of domestic income, The resettlement decreases their savings due to higher expenditure of daily life for those who work far away from home, and higher expenditure of food for those who stay at home, losing cultivated lands with irrigation system for vegetable. On the other hand. the increase of rural labor migration leads the migrants who stay at home to have access to more cultivated lands for rice and cotton, and the farmers also apply more fertilizer in the same cultivated land for more agriculture products. The resettlement makes most of migrants spend their savings on the improvement of their housing conditions due to not enough governmental financial support for new building. After the analysis, some factors that influence migrants＇ income and consumption are discussed. The paper may contritbute to the building of Poyang Lake Ecological Economic Zone.     

Orienting rocky desertification towards sustainable land use: An advanced remote sensing tool to guide the conservation policy

Due to non-sustainable land management, desertification has been occurring widely across the world and continues to be a global land use problem. In this context, appropriate methodological tools, which can provide a biased estimation of desertification, are critical for learning from past failures and local successes in orienting desertification towards sustainable land use. This paper proposes a locally adaptive multiple endmember spectral mixture analysis (MESMA) algorithm to extract the rocky desertification information from medium resolution images at subpixel level and applies it to the case of Danjiangkou reservoir region (DRR), China. Quantitative comparisons show that the locally adaptive MESMA has achieved more accurate and reliable estimations of rocky desertification information in DRR than the traditional MESMA. An inversed U-shaped trend is observed for desertified land with different severity levels from 1987 and 2013 in DRR. In particular, the inflection point roughly emerged in period 2000–2005. Casual mechanism-based regressions demonstrate that such dynamics of rocky desertification are closely coupled with socioeconomic, biophysical, and policy factors. More specifically, we identify a significantly positive role of land conservation policy in combating and relieving rocky desertification in DRR. Positive effects are observed particularly through afforestation, investment, and professionals input. Based on the conclusions and lessons of DRR, I finally make relevant recommendations for formulating policies and strategies that attempt to orient desertification towards sustainable land use. The proposed locally adaptive MESMA can act as an advanced remote sensing tool to guide the conservation policy.     

RMA and Strategic intelligence: The case of China and Japan

Two cases of China and Japan are compared in the two dimensions of strategic doctrine and the RMA program. China is disadvantaged in its general military capability; it cannot help but gain the initiative by striking first and doing the operation under a high degree of secrecy, mobility, accuracy in its concentration of firepower, and surprise. This is called the doctrine of “strategic attack” and the Chinese defense planning is called “strategic modernization.” On the other hand, the Japanese approach to RMA is called “Info‐RMA”. The Japanese basic defense strategy is a passive one and it is critical to protect the information infrastructure as Japanese territories might turn out to be the battlefield. Japan should be ready for the possibility that some pre‐RMA forces would employ asymmetrical means such as weapons of mass destruction (WMD), terrorism, or guerilla warfare. Self‐Defense Forces (SDF) also should be ready to accomplish diverse missions, such as rear‐area support for U.S. troops, as well as peacekeeping operations and disaster relief. It is ironic that the Chinese doctrine could not help but be aggressive to compensate for the weakness of strategic intelligence capability in comparison to the U.S. On the other hand, Japan could develop power‐projection capability under the name of strategic intelligence as a part of the Exclusively Defense‐Oriented Policy.     

一种基于B样条拟合的颜色校正方法

多重投影仪在大尺度显示系统中的解决颜色校正问题一直是比较棘手的,通过颜色色度匹配技术或者用分光光计来对投影仪进行颜色校正可以达到比较好的效果,但是这两种技术是基于硬件系统来实现的,成本相对高昂。通过三次B样条拟合方法进行多重投影仪颜色校正,不仅可以降低成本,同样能够达到一个比较好的效果。     

Did the Key Priority Forestry Programs affect income inequality in rural China?

The Natural Forest Protection Program, the Sloping Land Conversion Program and the Desertification Combating Program around Beijing and Tianjing have been gradually launched since 1998 for ecosystem restoration. A large number of rural households have been enrolled in these programs, and the Government of China has designed different polices for these programs, such as subsidies and forbidden or restricted uses. How and how much these programs and policies have affected rural households’ inequality are urgent questions to be answered. The paper used a unique panel data of 1458 sample rural households from 15 counties in China to examine the direct and overall contributions of the Key Priority Forestry Programs (KPFPs) to rural households’ total income inequality. A fixed-effects model was used to estimate the impact of the KPFPs on land-based income and off-farm income. Our empirical results indicate that the direct contribution and overall (including direct and indirect) contribution have experienced a inverted U-shape. Specifically, the overall contributions of the KPFPs’ subsidies to income inequality were less pronounced than that of the direct effects. Furthermore, both the direct contributions and overall contributions to total income inequality changed over time during the study period and differed from one county to another.     

迭代算法逼近严格伪压缩映象最小范数不动点与变分不等式解

在Hilbert空间中使用迭代格式xn＋1=（1-αn）（δTxn＋（1-δ）xn）,n≥0来研究严格伪压缩映象T的最小范数不动点问题,采用新方法证明当参数满足适当条件时,序列x{n}强收敛至严格伪压缩映象T的最小范数不动点,同时该不动点也是某变分不等式的解.其结果推广与改进了一些近代相关结果.