Three‐period,two‐treatment crossover design under long‐term carryover effect

The paper describes non‐parametric approach for analysis of a three‐period, two‐treatment, four‐sequence crossover design in which test procedure for interchangeability of the treatment effects is obtained. The proposed procedure is based on a non‐parametric model, which incorporates, along with the direct treatment effects and the usual carryover effects, the long‐term carryover effects. Relevant competitors are obtained. Related asymptotic results are given. By performing simulation study, we compared the procedures with respect to type I error rate and power. Furthermore, confidence intervals for treatment differences are studied. The procedures are illustrated with a data study.     

Offshoring and employment structure in the EU periphery: the case of Spain

The effects of offshoring of production have received a great deal of interest due to their implications on labour markets. However, the main theoretical predictions related to this issue are not always fulfilled in the empirical analysis; according to the Stolper–Samuelson theorem, there seems to be unanimous support for its effects in advanced countries whose production is relocated but not at all for recipient economies of the same. Additionally, there is a lack of empirical evidence in countries specialized in unskilled-labour tasks which are, at the same time, economies with higher relative wages in a global framework such as the Spanish economy. In this sense, the aim of this article is to analyse the effects of material offshoring in the relative composition of employment in the Spanish manufacturing industry during the period 1990–2007. Furthermore, we investigate the effects of immigrant labour and the temporary employment rate due to its increasing relevance in the Spanish economy during the period analysed. Using a generalized methods of moments (GMM) approach, our results suggest that, as opposed to most developed countries, offshoring in Spain has favoured the demand for blue-collar workers. In addition, we confirm that the increase in immigration and the increasing use of temporary contracts have enlarged the share of low-skilled workers.     

Stable Asymptotics for M‐estimators

We review some first‐order and higher‐order asymptotic techniques for M‐estimators, and we study their stability in the presence of data contaminations. We show that the estimating function (ψ) and its derivative with respect to the parameter play a central role. We discuss in detail the first‐order Gaussian density approximation, saddlepoint density approximation, saddlepoint test, tail area approximation via the Lugannani–Rice formula and empirical saddlepoint density approximation (a technique related to the empirical likelihood method). For all these asymptotics, we show that a bounded ψ (in the Euclidean norm) and a bounded (e.g. in the Frobenius norm) yield stable inference in the presence of data contamination. We motivate and illustrate our findings by theoretical and numerical examples about the benchmark case of one‐dimensional location model.     

The role of transaction costs and risk aversion when selecting between one and two regimes for portfolio models

Estimation of the inputs is the main problem when applying portfolio analysis, and Markov regime-switching models have been shown to improve these estimates. We investigate whether the use of two-regime models remains superior across a range of values of risk aversion and transaction costs, in the presence of skewness and kurtosis and no short sales. Our results for US data suggest that, due to differences in their risk preferences and transactions costs, most retail investors may prefer to use one-regime models, while investment banks may prefer to use two-regime models.     

中美制造业双边贸易对美国相对工资差距的影响研究*

在新古典贸易理论一般均衡的框架之下,运用1997-2014年中美两国的投入产出、贸易和工资数据,本文定量考察了中美制造业产品的双边贸易同美国制造业相对工资差距的关系。结果发现,美国从中国的净进口对美国制造业非熟练劳动力和熟练劳动力相对工资差距扩大存在影响,但影响幅度较小,贸易并不是引起相对收入差距扩大的唯一原因。但随着中美双边制造业贸易的进一步发展,美中贸易对美国工资差距的影响可能越来越大,以保护非熟练劳动力为名对中国产品实施贸易限制的呼声将会更高。     

工作重塑对工作投入的影响：基于优势比较分析方法

文章旨在探讨三维工作重塑量表与四维工作重塑量表、同一量表不同维度对工作投入相对解释力。采用问卷调查,以327名员工为被试,运用回归分析、优势比较分析对假设进行检验。结果表明：(1)任务重塑、认知重塑与工作投入显著正相关,关系重塑与工作投入不相关,且任务重塑、认知重塑与关系重塑对工作投入的解释力依次递减;(2)增加结构性工作资源、增加挑战性工作要求正向预测工作投入,而减少阻碍性工作要求、增加社会性工作资源对工作投入的影响不显著,且增加结构性工作资源、增加挑战性工作要求、减少阻碍性工作要求、增加社会性工作资源对工作投入的解释力依次递减;(3)四维工作重塑量表对工作投入的解释力高于三维工作重塑量表,但差异不大。     

中国沿海地区海洋经济可持续发展能力评价研究

文章建立了海洋经济可持续发展能力灰色综合评价模型,选取了11个海洋经济可持续发展能力评价指标,运用所建立的评价模型对中国11个沿海省（区、市）的海洋经济可持续发展能力进行了综合评价及比较分析,评价结果基本上能反映中国沿海地区当前海洋经济可持续发展状况。     

基于相对收入假说的我国农村居民消费问题探析

依据相对收入假说理论,通过分析城镇居民消费对农村居民消费的联动效应,分别研究相对收入假说构架下农村居民消费的"示范效应"和"棘轮效应"。研究结果显示,农村居民消费存在"棘轮效应",同时,城镇居民消费对农村居民消费存在一定的"示范效应"。基于农村居民消费存在这两种效应,提出相应的政策建议。     

The impact of relative prices on tourism demand for Mauritius: An empirical analysis

The present study assesses the impact of relative prices on tourism flows in Mauritius. To account for dynamism in tourism flows modelling, a dynamic time series analysis – namely the vector autoregressive model – is employed. The results show that relative price measures have a long-run impact on international tourism flows, indicating that tourists are sensitive to price levels. The relative average cost in the different competing destinations is also reported to be positive and significant, indicating that the impact of relative price changes in foreign destinations competing with Mauritius tourism matters; thus indicating a certain degree of substitutability between Mauritian and its regional competitors’ tourism. Tourism infrastructure, income in country of origin and the island's level of development are confirmed to be key factors in the tourist selection decision. Finally, overall, short-run estimates confirm the above results.