煤炭企业“主动安全型”员工培育研究

阐述了＂主动安全型员工＂培育的作用及内涵,并系统分析了煤炭企业员工安全意识及保安能力上的不足,提出了从＂意识强化、技能升级、行为管控、文化熏陶＂等4种关键环节上培育主动安全型员工的方法。     

Willingness to pay for safety improvements in passenger air travel

The risk of being involved in an airplane accident is largely ignored in air passengers’ choice models. The reason presumably is that it is hard to operationalize, because objective safety indicators often involve extremely low probabilities that are hard to grasp and interpret by passengers. In this paper, we propose an operationalization that is based on the perception of safety, which is easy to understand and resonates that perceptions often influence decisions stronger than objective variables. We conceptualize that passengers form a safety perception score of a particular flight based on their perception of airline and route attributes and that this score in turn is traded-off against other flight attributes, such as ticket costs, to arrive at a flight choice. In line with this conceptualization, two stated preference experiments are conducted. In a first experiment, combinations of airline and route attributes are evaluated in terms of safety that is captured on a rating scale. In a second experiment, safety perception is treated as an attribute and traded-off against other flight attributes to arrive at a flight choice. The paper presents the results of a regression and a Panel Mixed Logit model estimated from responses obtained from a convenience sample of 161 air passengers recruited in the Netherlands. The results of both models are then combined to calculate the willingness to pay values for improvements made to a range of airline and route attributes, taking into account socio-demographic variables and psychological traits. As expected, the results indicate that the willingness to pay for improving safety decreases with higher initial safety levels.     

Home-related injuries among under-five-year children and mothers' care regarding injury prevention in rural areas

This cross-sectional study was conducted in rural areas of Twiserkan (Toyserkan) County, in Iran, to assess factors associated with home-related injuries among under-five-year children and their mothers’ care regarding injury prevention. Mothers who had their under-five-year-old children injured within a 12-month period were identified from recorded information in Twiserkan Health Center. Then, data were gathered using pre-tested questionnaire and through interview with injured children's mothers. The questions were about characteristics of the children's injuries and their mothers’ care regarding injury prevention, using PRECEDE (Predisposing, Reinforcing, and Enabling Constructs in Educational/Environmental Diagnosis and Evaluation) model with focus on knowledge and attitude; enabling and reinforcing factors; and mothers' preventive behaviours. The study results showed that 197 out of 210 total identified mothers took part in the study. The reported injuries were 11.68%, 39.09%, and 49.24%, respectively, for severe, moderate, and mild cases. Fall was the most frequent injury with 35%. Among PRECEDE model constructs, there was a statistically significant correlation between mothers' knowledge and injury severity among children. Home-related injuries are an important health problem among study population and their prediction and prevention are necessary. Enhancement of mothers’ knowledge can be helpful to improve child injury prevention.     

关于城市商业超市火灾的预防

随着商业超市规模越来越大,发展速度也越来越快,超市消防安全的问题也日益严重,所以超市消防安全的管理,必须引起消防监督人员的充分注意。     

Strengthening the Global Financial Safety Net: Challenges and Prospects

The paper shares the idea on the current global financial circumstance; whereas rapid financial globalization was a basic source of the systemic risks of the global financial crisis, the world economy is even more integrated in the aftermath of the global crisis. It emphasizes the importance of the global community to strengthening the GFSN to respond to a crisis. Kim argues that the GFSN should be a multi-layered structure, and only a single layer alone would not be sufficient to handle the global crisis due to its impact of economic damage. More specifically, the paper suggests a multi-layered structure of the GFSN as follows: self-insurance with foreign exchange reserves, bilateral currency swaps by central banks, RFAs already influencing regional financial recourse and stability in several regions, and global arrangements, such as the IMF facilities.     

Implicit attitudes toward risk: the construction and validation of the measurement method

Methods that are typically used to examine individual differences in risk attitudes (e.g. lotteries, dilemmas, questionnaires) require participants to explicitly declare their willingness to take risk. Therefore, they may be biased by the need for self-presentation or situational characteristics such as time pressure and cognitive constraints that lead to more spontaneous and automatic processing of risk-related information. The aim of this study was to construct an indirect measure of risk attitudes that is free of these methodological limitations. The method based on the Implicit Association Test shows high internal reliability and satisfactory stability over time. It correlates moderately with different explicit measures of risk attitudes that are related to sensation seeking. Finally, it is characterized by a high predictive power. Adding the implicit measure to the set of independent variables representing declarative evaluations of risk attitudes significantly improved the model predicting risky real-life behavior. We argue that the indirect assessment of risk attitudes presented in this paper may be used as an universal measure of people’s risk propensity that is free of biases related to self-presentation and situational factors.     

中小型企业消防安全现状及解决策略

随着经济的飞速发展,以及政府给予的各项有利政策,中小型企业特别是以生产加工为主的中小型企业更是如雨后春笋般迅速崛起壮大,但也随之带来了诸多消防安全问题。据统计,近年来发生在中小型企业的火灾、爆炸事故占火灾总数的40%左右,群死群伤事故时有发生。文章就中小型企业在消防方面存在的各种问题及应对方法做简要的分析。     

大型交叉安全风险识别与评估

大型交叉施工具有建筑结构复杂、设备集中、人员密度大、环境密闭等特点,一旦结构发生安全事故,后果严重,而风险识别和评估可以结合施工的实际情况,对其中的各种危险源进行分类,并进行定量与定性评价。文章从风险特点及类型、风险分析依据及步骤、风险评估流程,最后得出风险识别与评估结论:工程项目风险识别与评估应是一个经常性反复循环的活动,是一个动态的过程。     

浅谈高层小区物业管理之消防工作

随着全国楼市火爆,新疆经济建设速度的加快,乌鲁木齐近年来出现了建房、购房热潮,相继建起了一大批多高层住宅小区,物业管理也随之产生,物业公司的消防安全管理水平直接关系到高层住宅小区的消防安全状况。尤其是高层底商楼和电梯公寓楼的消防管理还不成熟、不完善。     

HSE管理体系与传统安全管理有效结合的探讨

阐述了促进HSE管理体系推进与传统安全管理有效结合的6个方面,以提高HSE体系的推进效果,提升企业的HSE绩效。