新一代航天测量船导航系统信息融合技术

分析了我国航天测量船导航系统的优缺点，提出了一种基于分散化滤波理论的联邦卡尔曼滤波体系结构（FKF），并研究了其最优融合估计算法和实时性。仿真结果表明，它可以有效地提高组合导航系统的精度和容错性能。最终的设计方案已成功应用于一种航天测量船组合导航系统中。     

船舶应急操纵状态下人的可靠性分析方法

根据影响船员人因可靠性的因素,构建船舶应急操纵状态下人因可靠性评估指标体系;然后通过借鉴CREAM方法的分析思想,构建船舶应急操纵状态下的人员可靠性评估模型。最后,将此方法应用于某运营于国际航线的干散货船舶进行应急状态下船舶操纵人因可靠性分析,分析结果表明该方法简单易行,结果合理,很适合于当前评估船舶应急作业状态下的人因可靠性。     

使用FOB术语的五个问题分析

FOB术语是现今使用最多的贸易术语之一，本文详细分析了使用FOB术语需要特别注意的五个问题：船货衔接问题、装船和装船费用问题、卖方代买方租船订舱问题、风险转移问题和单证问题。     

基于相关与偏相关分析的城市居民休闲度假市场开发研究——以南京为例

我国旅游业正向休闲度假型转变。运用相关分析与偏相关分析方法,以南京为例探析城市居民休闲度假旅游需求。研究发现偏爱休闲度假的居民由于地位与收入的不同在旅游资源喜好、旅游活动偏好、购买行为、信息来源渠道、出游方式等方面与一般居民有着明显差异。因此,休闲旅游目标市场的定位应在高学历、中高收入阶层,旅游资源的开发应优先考虑湖泊水滨、森林山地,产品开发应注意项目与资源的耦合且促销渠道应以网络为主,兼顾传统媒介。     

从游客环境容量到LAC理论环境容量概念的新发展

LAC(可接受的改变极限)是从游客环境容量概念发展而来的，用于解决资源保护和旅游发展之间矛盾的理论。这一理论在很多国家的规划和管理中得到了广泛的应用，取得了良好的效果。本文阐述了从环境容量到LAC理论的发展过程，描述了LAC理论的九个步骤，简要介绍了LAC理论的衍生技术方法。     

我国高师地理专业旅游地理教学改革探索

本文主要论述了我国高师地理专业旅游地理教学改革的依据,并集中阐述了旅游地理教学在课程设置、教材建设、教学方法以及师资建设中存在的主要问题,同时根据实际情况,对我国高师地理专业旅游地理教学提出了有效的构想,体现了旅游地理教学改革的必要性。     

高动态临近空间飞行器海上组网测控方案设计

为解决高动态临近空间飞行器海上测控对测量船数量需求较多、现有船队规模无法满足的难题,在分析测控需求特点的基础上,提出了一种基于测量船与临近空间飞艇组网测控的新模式。结合近中程、远程飞行试验分别进行了测控总体方案设计,并讨论了海上组网测控需要研究的关键技术。相关研究对我国后续开展高动态临近空间飞行器海上测控系统建设具有一定的参考价值。     

Process,goal, and social interaction differences in recreation: What makes an activity substitutable

Abstract

In the present study two recreational activities, deer hunting and goose hunting, both similar in form, are compared. The study shows that the activity with the fewest perceived substitutes, deer hunting, also showed higher mean ratings on items measuring the importance of various elements of the experience, such as the process of participation, the goal of the activity, and the social interaction that accompanies the activity by the participants. Deer hunters also reported greater participation in the activity by peers and were more likely to be introduced to the activity by a family member. It is argued that these differences in the importance of the elements of the experiences influence the perceived substitutability of a recreational activity.     

The Potential of Interdisciplinarity for Leisure Research

Abstract

Knowledge about preferences for campsite attributes is needed so that management strategies can be guided by users’ preferences for settings and experiences. However, results of campsite choice studies have shown great variability across settings. Reexamination of this research shows a hierarchical typology of attributes: most important are necessity attributes, which supply basic camping needs, followed by experience attributes, which enhance preferred experience outcomes, and finally amenity attributes, which are relatively minor but can improve site quality. A survey of Whitewater boaters confirmed the predicted order of attribute importance and generally supported the proposed definitions of attribute types. A tentative model of campsite choice is offered in which sites are evaluated first for their ability to provide necessity attributes, then experience attributes, and finally, if more than one potential site remains, amenity attributes. Constraints may cut the evaluation process short anytime after the initial (necessity attribute) stage.     

Aquatic resources and recreation behavior

While substantial effort has been undertaken to understand the consequences of industrial and agricultural uses for the environment, concern has also been expressed about its other uses, including recreation. Little is known about the relationship between recreational behavior and an environmental resource base. The present paper focuses upon participation in a specific outdoor recreation activity or activity‐cluster and dominant resource base where participation occurs. Resource bases identified were river, lake, ocean, swamp/marsh, forest/mountain, range/ farm and city/town. Emphasis is placed upon aquatic environs and participation in water‐based recreation. Water activities constituted from 14–30 percent of all outdoor activities taking place at those resource bases identified. Aquatic environments provided the resource base for 38 percent of all recreation participation events, water‐ and non‐water based, occurring during one reporting period. While participation in water‐based activities requires a water resource, the array of participation patterns reported suggests that resource bases defined as recreation places provide a wide range of opportunities for non‐resource‐dependent recreation activities. One conclusion is that resource bases cannot be distinguished by the recreation activities occurring on them. Resource bases in fact facilitate a wide range of recreation activities, some holding little direct connection with the resource base, nor are the conditions of the resource sufficient to predict behavioral outcomes.