Causality effects in return volatility measures with random times

We provide a structural approach to identify instantaneous causality effects between durations and stock price volatility. So far, in the literature, instantaneous causality effects have either been excluded or cannot be identified separately from Granger type causality effects. By giving explicit moment conditions for observed returns over (random) duration intervals, we are able to identify an instantaneous causality effect. The documented causality effect has significant impact on inference for tick-by-tick data. We find that instantaneous volatility forecasts for, e.g., IBM stock returns must be decreased by as much as 40% when not having seen the next quote change before its (conditionally) median time. Also, instantaneous volatilities are found to be much higher than indicated by standard volatility assessment procedures using tick-by-tick data. For IBM, a naive assessment of spot volatility based on observed returns between quote changes would only account for 60% of the actual volatility. For less liquidly traded stocks at NYSE this effect is even stronger.     

中国金融市场与房地产投资的协整和Granger检验

本文通过对中国1985～2005年金融资产和房地产投资的年度数据进行协整和Granger因果关系检验,发现以金融资产为指标的金融市场和房地产投资之间存在长期和短期的均衡关系及单向因果关系,即金融资产的增加极大地促进了房地产投资总额的增加。     

我国产业结构与科技人才培养结构:1978—2005年的实证研究

文章从产业结构对科技人才培养结构影响的理论分析入手,针对两者之间的关系,首先采用格兰杰(Granger)因果关系检验方法,得出我国产业结构是科技人才培养结构的原因,而科技人才培养结构不是产业结构的原因;然后通过拓展的Dickey-Fuller检验,利用协整检验技术,说明我国的产业结构和科技人才培养结构之间不存在长期稳定的关系.     

中国对外贸易与城镇失业关系的实证分析

本文利用1978～2005年的年度数据,采用协整分析技术、误差修正模型和多变量Granger因果关系检验方法,检验了我国出口、进口、城镇失业人口之间的关系。实证分析结果表明,出口、进口、城镇失业人口之间存在唯一的协整关系;同时存在两个方向的Granger因果关系:进口增长是出口增长的原因;进口增长是城镇失业增加的原因,我国在制订贸易政策与就业政策时须注意三者的协调,以促进经济的增长。     

A sneeze in the U.S., a cough in Japan,but pneumonia in Taiwan? An application of the Markov-Switching vector autoregressive model

This paper examines the lead–lag relationships among the output of Taiwan, Japan and the U.S. Three testing methods are employed: the traditional linear Granger causality test, Hiemstra and Jones' [Hiemstra, C., Jones, J.D., 1994. Testing for linear and nonlinear Granger causality in the stock price-volume relation. Journal of Finance 49, 1639–1664] nonlinear Granger causality test and Warne's [Warne, A., 2000. Causality and regime inference in a Markov-S switching VAR, Working Paper no. 118, Sveriges Riksbank, Stockholm.] Granger causality test under the Markov-Switching model. We find that the causal ordering is unclear and depends on the model we used. Because Markov-Switching model imposes few restrictions in estimation, we tend to use its estimated results but bear in mind that the evidence is sensitive. First, the common shock hypothesis is found that most probably exists between Taiwan and the U.S. Next, we conclude that Japan tends to lead Taiwan's output, to a certain extent. Last, there is no causal ordering between the U.S. and Japan economies.     

中国区域经济协调发展中的投资导向研究

总体上以投资促经济增长的发展战略,有可能因忽视区域特点而产生误导.有鉴于此,本文应用省区面板数据,分别从总体和分区域地检验了投资与增长之间的Granger因果关系,并在因果关系的条件下计算了投资对增长的长期影响系数.结果发现,在不同区域投资与增长之间的因果关系呈现出不同的特点,而且投资对增长的影响方向与作用力度迥异.文章最后也尝试着寻求推动区域经济发展的共同因素.本文的理论含义是,总体分析因为忽略了区域特征而产生严重误导;政策建议是,投资应侧重东、中部地区,尤其是中部地区,而西部地区更应注重科技投入和引进外资等发展策略.     

技术标准对产业国际竞争力的影响——基于中国电子信息产业的实证分析

近年来人们逐渐认识到了技术标准的重要性，国内外的研究表明技术标准对经济和产业的发展起到了很大的作用。文章以中国电子信息产业为例，用相关分析和格兰杰检验分析了技术标准对产业国际竞争力的影响，结果显示技术标准与产业国际竞争力高度相关，并且构成了产业国际竞争力的原因．这说明了技术标准是产业国际竞争力重要的影响因素。     

Intrinsic bubbles and Granger causality in the S&P 500: Evidence from long-term data

Results of research on whether changes in earnings can predict future stock returns are inconclusive. We add to this debate by using long-term data from 1871 to 2004 to examine the predictive power of changes in earnings in periods of intrinsic bubbles and in periods absent intrinsic bubbles. Our results show that accounting for bubbles is important in whether changes in earnings can predict future stock returns. In periods of no bubble, we find that changes in earnings Granger-cause future returns, whereas in periods of bubble, this Granger causality from changes in earnings to future returns cannot be found. We conclude that changes in earnings can predict future stock returns, but only in periods absent bubbles.     

FDI与湖南产业结构关系的实证研究

对湖南的产业结构和三次产业利用FDI的现状进行了分析,利用1983～2006年的统计数据,运用协整分析技术、误差修正模型和Cranger因果关系检验,对FDI与产业结构变动之间的关系进行了实证研究.结果表明,FDI与产业结构变动之间存在正向的协整关系,FDI是产业结构变动的重要原因;在短期FDI偏离了产业结构的长期均衡水平,但短期波动对长期均衡的回调速度较快.进而,就模型得出的结论提出了若干建议.     

天津市高等教育投资与经济增长的计量经济分析

本文利用天津市1991-2005年高等教育投资与经济增长的统计数据对二者进行了计量经济分析。实证结果表明,天津市普通高校教育投资与经济增长之间存在很强的正相关性,且经费投入对经济增长的影响呈现出一定的滞后性;同时,天津市的经济增长对高等教育投资有明显的促进作用。