Leveraging accessible tourism development through mega-events,and the disability-attitude gap

Able-bodied, and increasingly people with disabilities, represent a key audience for mega-events; occasions that act as crucibles where social problems endemic to host destinations can be exposed and tackled through targeted social policy. Drawing on the social model of disability, the paper examines how Japan utilised Tokyo 2020 as a field configuring event to disrupt systems of ableist thinking and tackle physical and attitudinal barriers restricting Persons with Disabilities (PwD) to accessible tourism. Qualitative evidence reveals national commitments to relegitimise, improve accessibility for - and acceptance toward - PwD in Japanese society, through transformations to the built environment, national awareness, and educational campaigns in the build up to Tokyo 2020. An over-emphasis on physical as opposed to social structural change mean negative attitudes often persist, where disability remains stigmatised, leading to PwD immobility and social exclusion. Our policy recommendations and managerial implications, alongside research directions attend to this disability-attitude gap.     

三类“新人”个人账户养老金发放方式探讨——以深圳市为案例

基于精算数学理论推出的三类“新人”退休后个人账户养老金发放模型,笔者认为:三类“新人”(即低收入、中等收入、高收入群体)选择现行法定发放方式和两种假设发放方式各有利弊。因此,应让不同群体根据其退休后的经济状况和偏好不同而自由选择,同时应允许退休人员选择专门的寿险公司竞争发放,最后可进行适当的遗产税率的制度设计。