Four scenarios for nanotechnologies in the UK, 2011–2020

The future social value of nanoscale science and technology (NST) has been repeatedly represented as revolutionary. However, government and industry support for the commercialisation of NST has to confront four key areas of uncertainty: concerning potential hazards associated with applications, commercial viability, public acceptance and evolving regulation. Academic and policy responses have to date largely emphasised the need for adaptive and anticipatory regulation, yet research which evaluates the prospects of success in implementing such measures has so far been lacking. This paper contributes to remedying this lack by examining difficulties and opportunities which may arise around this regulatory agenda in the UK, with the aid of a ‘policy Delphi’ exercise undertaken with a multi-stakeholder panel. It summarises four scenarios to aid policy-makers and technology strategists in the UK and internationally in thinking through how the future of NST innovation may be affected by factors associated with the aforementioned areas of uncertainty.     

The Impact of Salesperson Perception of Firm Market Orientation on Behaviors and Consulting Effectiveness

The purpose of this study was to study market orientation as an antecedent of salespersons' behaviors that should, in turn, influence the ability of the salesperson to add value to the product or service. There have been many studies of personal antecedents of salespersons behaviors and performance, with little predictive success. But there are few studies of firm-level influences on salesperson behaviors and their outcomes. A survey was sent to non-retail salespeople utilizing previously validated scales for all constructs of interest. The survey responses were analyzed using structural equation modeling to test hypotheses. Results suggest that market orientation has an indirect influence on salesperson consulting through adaptive selling and active listening behaviors. Active listening fully mediates the relationship between customer orientation and salesperson consulting, while salesperson consulting fully mediates the relationship between active listening and consulting effectiveness. Half of the influence of market orientation on salesperson consulting effectiveness is direct, while the other half of its influence is indirect through those salesperson behaviors. The author provides explanations for these results and implications for managers and researchers.     

1 kW微波源机箱电磁耦合的并行FDTD模拟

微波源机箱的不同面板上开有不同数量和大小的矩形孔缝和散热通风孔,电磁脉冲可以通过机箱上的孔缝耦合进入微波源内部,对内部电路和设备造成干扰。通过自动网格剖分技术实现了1 kW微波源的快速建模,采用并行时域有限差分（FDTD）算法模拟了不同极化方向下高斯脉冲正入射1 kW微波源机箱的耦合问题,分析了微波源机箱的电磁脉冲耦合规律。研究结果表明,数值计算结果与电磁软件仿真结果吻合得比较好,电磁脉冲的极化方向对耦合进入微波源箱体内的电场强度影响不大,微波源机箱中心点的谐振特性明显。     

自适应Huffman编码算法分析及研究

Huffman编码作为一种高效而简单的可变长编码常用于信源编码。但现有的Huffman编码算法存在效率不高,同时应用受到一些限制,因此,提出一种自适应Huffman编码算法,该算法与其他的Huffman编码相比效率更高,应用范围更广。     

一种基于小波尺度相关性的自适应阈值去噪算法

针对图像去噪时造成的边缘模糊和细节损失问题,结合小波尺度相关性理论和经典的阈值去噪方法,提出了一种新的图像去噪算法,该算法利用不同尺度上小波系数间的相关性,对原图像和噪声对应的小波系数进行最大程度的区分,对前者予以保留,对后者则结合闽值去噪方法和该小波系数是原图像的置信程度进行处理。实验结果表明,该算法在达到很好的图像去噪的同时,能很好地保留图像的边缘和细节信息。     

品牌联盟组织间协作的构成及路径的案例研究

基于复杂适应系统理论,采用案例研究方法,探究品牌联盟组织间协作的构成维度及路径.协作目标、协作契约、组织结构和组织间相互作用为品牌联盟组织间协作的4个关键构成维度.其中,协作目标体现了品牌联盟的需求;协作契约以及组织结构组成协作具体内容;组织间相互作用形成协作方式;协作内容及协作方式共同决定着协作模式的形成.品牌联盟组...     

演化经济学的两种系统观

演化经济学在系统处理方法上呈现出两种不同的主张,一种是以复杂适应系统理论为导向的演化建模分析方法,而另一种则强调多层级本体论和涌现观,并对复杂系统建模持抵制态度,尽管在反对主流经济学微观还原论这一点上两者取得了一致,但建立在相似性理论基础上的复杂系统建模更适合对复杂性存在的描述,而强调比较的、历史的和阐释的多层级本体论和涌现观的系统分析方法则更接近经验事实。     

Applying agent-based modeling to the evolution of eco-industrial systems

Agent-based modeling is simply a modeling technique for describing complex adaptive systems in a form that can be solved by computers. In this paper, agent-based modeling is applied to eco-industrial systems to gain new insights into their behavior. The factory in the eco-industrial systems is taken as an agent, and the objects, attributes and behaviors are determined. Some important interaction mechanisms between agents are also designed. Besides, the sustainability evolution is also studied through emergy theory. More importantly, a new concept, the Internal-flow emergy, is used to indicate the evolution direction of an eco-industrial system. Finally, a hypothetical eco-industrial park utilizing natural gas and halite as the main raw material inputs is adopted as a case study to illustrate the effectiveness of the agent-based modeling.     

How do interorganizational and interpersonal networks affect a firm's strategic adaptive capability in a transition economy?

This paper examines the effects of a firm's interorganizational network characteristics and a CEO's interpersonal network ties on a firm's strategic adaptive capability in a transition economy. Using a unique survey dataset of 250 Chinese firms, the paper focuses on the compositional diversity of a firm's interorganizational network and the structural holes in a CEO's interpersonal network. The results show that an interorganizational network that is diverse in composition and an interpersonal network that is rich in structural holes have significantly positive effects on a firm's strategic adaptive capability in China's transition economy. However, a negative interaction effect occurs between interorganizational network diversity and interpersonal network structural holes. The results suggest that managers simultaneously consider both the individual and joint effects of interorganizational and interpersonal network characteristics when developing firm strategies.     

Does china income FSDs follow Benford? A comparison between Chinese income first significant digit distribution with Benford distribution

Since Benford’s law is an empirical phenomenon that occurs in a range of data sets, this raises the question as to whether or not the same thing might be true in terms of the Chinese income distribution data. We focus on the first significant digit (FSD) distribution of Chinese micro income data from the 2005 Inter-Census sample, which corresponds to 1% of Chinese population and other micro income data from the China family panel studies (CFPS) and Chinese General Social Survey (CGSS). We use information theoretic-entropy based methods to investigate the degree to which Benford’s FSD law is consistent with the FSD of Chinese income data and our findings suggest consistency between the Chinese FSD income distribution and Benford’s distribution. The close connection between the two distributions has implications for the quality of the sample of Chinese micro data.