仲裁协议纠纷司法审查阶段制度的国际比较与我国的借鉴

仲裁自古以来在很多国家或地区都是一种重要的争议解决制度,其作用在当代更广的范围内越来越重要。然而,仲裁是以存在有效的仲裁协议为基石的,《纽约公约》等国际条约及众多国家或地区的制定法都允许当事人就仲裁协议的效力或涵盖范围纠纷提请司法审查。由于没有国际统一法的约束,各个国家或地区关于仲裁协议纠纷司法审查阶段的制度并不一致。大体而言,以法国和瑞士等为代表的国家或地区禁止或限制法院在仲裁裁决作成之前对仲裁协议的纠纷进行司法审查,其他国家或地区则对当事人在仲裁裁决作成之前的各阶段就仲裁协议纠纷提请司法审查的行为不加禁止或限制。我国内地关于仲裁协议纠纷司法审查阶段的制度规范存在诸多缺陷,包括将当事人对仲裁协议效力的异议不合理地推迟到人民法院首次开庭前、未指明在人民法院司法审查期间仲裁程序可否推进、没有考虑到仲裁机构就仲裁协议纠纷在先作出的决定是否具有终局效力的问题等。对于这些缺陷,我国内地应当借鉴境外的良好规则,主要通过修订《仲裁法》的方式进行弥补。     

著作权纠纷仲裁解决机制研究

著作权纠纷仲裁解决机制与程序繁琐、周期冗长的诉讼方式相比,一方面,仲裁程序更为简化,当事人的权利能及时得到救济;另一方面,仲裁的一裁终局制度,缩短了争议解决的周期,确保了争议的快速高效解决。从我国目前在立法和实践的需要来看,著作权纠纷通过仲裁方式解决经历了由不明确规定到明确认定的一个转变过程,利用仲裁机制解决著作权纠纷就要发挥仲裁独特的优势,在效率和公平中找到恰当的平衡点,体现仲裁的生命力。     

无为而治的当代思考

无为而治并不是无所事事,"无为"也是一种"为",体现在不扰民、不与民争利、道法自然等理念上,这不仅是仁政,更是治国的智慧。当今世界变化日新月异,但无为而治仍是重要的执政理念,在新的时代应不断丰富其新的内涵。     

Case characteristics affecting the method of grievance dispute settlement

In 1986, we reported the results of an attempt to model the inner, workings of grievance arbitration. We concluded that the primary determinant of whether or not a grievance is settled privately or through arbitral award is the degree of private, outside legal representation. This article extends that work. Utilizing a more sophisticated statistical technique with a better specified list of explanatory variables, it identifies two additional grievance case characteristics that influence the method of grievance settlement: case complexity and type of dispute. The probability of an arbitrated settlement is greatest where the issue is simple and involves discipline and where the parties are represented by private, outside attorney advocates.     

Disciplining sexual harassers: What’s fair?

To avoid liability for hostile environment sexual harassment under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act, and to minimize the negative effects of such conduct on victims’ morale and perhaps their performance, employers must implement remedial measures that are capable of ending the harassment or even preventing it. Determining what constitutes adequate remedial action is difficult, and employers may administer excessively severe disciplinary penalties to ensure legal compliance. But such a response would contravene the tenets of just cause and industrial due process. This investigation examines relevant arbitration decisions to determine how labor arbitrators have balanced these competing interests. That is, it delineates the criteria that should be used to ensure that the disciplinary penalties levied against employees who sexually harass others are both adequate and fair.     

完善劳动争议仲裁制度的几点思考

仲裁是劳动争议解决的基本途径之一。通过对劳动争议仲裁组织、仲裁管辖权制度以及仲裁回避制度的问题分析,提出解决建议,以期对劳动争议仲裁制度的完善有所裨益。     

浅论司法角度的学生管理

在我国,随着高等教育的不断发展,因管理不到位,高校与学生之间产生各种纠纷,需要司法介入这些管理纠纷。在现实生活中,受各种因素的影响和制约,司法介入存在一定的难度。本文从学生工作者的角度对造成司法介入困难的原因进行分析,同时对司法介入的正当性、必要性进行阐述,并提出建立高校教育仲裁制度。     

110kV输电线路不停电跨越电力线设施的探讨

随着电网事业的不断发展,输电线路日益增加。本文就针对110k V输电线路不停电跨越电力线设施进行了探讨分析。     

论国际商事合同中仲裁条款的转让

本文探讨国际商事合同转让情况下,合同中包含的国际商事仲裁条款是否随之转让的问题。本文首先分析被用来排斥仲裁条款转让的仲裁条款独立性理论;其次,探讨了仲裁条款独立性与仲裁条款转让的关系,提出仲裁条款独立性是相对的独立,其与仲裁条款转让具有同一性;再次,分析并阐述了国际商事合同发生转让后,仲裁条款也随之移转。最后,笔者立足于中国现行法律框架分析国际商事仲裁条款转让在中国的现状以及提出自己观点。     

Efficient compromising

Two agents must select one of three alternatives. Their ordinal rankings are commonly known and diametrically opposed. Efficiency requires choosing the alternative the agents rank second whenever the weighted sum of their von Neumann Morgenstern utilities is higher than under either agent's favorite alternative. The agents' utilities of the middle-ranked alternative are i.i.d., privately observed random variables. In our setup, which is closely related to a public goods problem where agents face liquidity constraints but no participation constraints, decision rules that truthfully elicit utilities and implement efficient decisions do not exist. We provide analytical and numerical results on second-best rules.