二战后马克思主义经济学面临的现实性挑战及其回应

时代的发展与变迁对马克思主义经济学提出了新的问题和挑战,对此中外马克思主义经济学者在理论上进行了大量的有价值的研究和探索。从科技革命的推动与资本主义的历史地位、市场经济体制的建立与社会主义的发展、西方经济思潮的冲击与马克思主义经济学主流地位的坚守四个方面,梳理了二战以来中外马克思主义经济学者的研究成果,发现马克思主义经济学的生命力与科学性正是源于在实践中的丰富和发展,因此,坚持马克思主义经济学在中国的指导地位,首先必须在新的时代条件下,与时俱进,创新和发展马克思主义经济学。     

The Impact of Company Resources and Capabilities on Global New Product Program Performance

Product innovation and the trend to globalization are two important and interrelated dimensions driving business today. In this article, the results of five published research articles on the topic of global new product development (NPD) are summarized to provide an integrated overview of the factors that impact global NPD program performance. The overall conceptual framework is based on three types of literature—NPD, globalization, and organization. The main theoretical approach for establishing relationships between factors is the dynamic capability/resource‐based view. Accordingly, factors linked to outcome are seen as operating on different organizational levels, with more actionable initiatives or ‘capabilities’ largely mediating the softer and longer term background ‘resources’ of the firm. The analyses are based on a broad cross‐industry sample of 467 firms (North America, Europe, B2B, goods/services). Three global NPD‐related background resources (global innovation culture, resource commitment, and senior management involvement), labeled the ‘behavioral environment’ of the firm, are identified and shown to be linked to global NPD program performance via the mediated effect of four specific NPD capabilities (NPD process, strategy, team, and IT/communication). A qualitative synthesis of the findings is provided, along with recommended management initiatives with which firms can enhance their performance in the global NPD effort. Both sets of factors are found to be essential and highly interrelated, but it is the strength of the behavioral environment resources that distinguish the best performing firms, setting the stage for success in global NPD.     

中美贸易摩擦下我国农业产业安全深层次困境及破解思路

2018年3月以来,中美贸易摩擦不断升级。面对美方贸易制裁,我国采取了包括对大豆等农产品加征关税的反制措施,却也暴露了农业产业安全面临的深层次困境：一是我国作为最大农产品进口国具有“大国效应”和贸易依赖,陷入了“贸易困境”;二是我国农产品价格与国际农产品价格“倒挂”,形成了“价格困境”;三是我国农业补贴政策受内外条件制约而面临着“补贴困境”;四是在经济全球化趋势下我国农业产业该如何与国际市场接轨的“全球化困境”。美国贸易保护主义行径不应动摇我国捍卫经济全球化的决心,未来我国农业产业只能是更深度参与农业资源全球配置。基于此,我们提出“口粮自给,休养生息,因粮于敌,大权在握”的十六字破解方针,即将国内有限农业资源集中于口粮生产、建立和完善休耕制度、发展海外屯田、着重培育本国农业综合企业和建立具有国际影响力的农产品交易中心。     

从资本运动角度看经济全球化

经济全球化已成为世界经济发展的一种趋势。其中。体现特殊社会生产关系性质的资本的运动起了关键性的推动作用，它贯穿了整个社会生产过程，其运动的结果必然是经济全球化。正在进行社会主义市场经济改革的中国，要积极应对经济全球化的现实，利用世界经济舞台，发展我国的生产力。     

Ethics in Global Business and in a Plural Society

The contemporary confluence of globalization and ethical pluralism is at the origin of many ethical challenges that confront business nowadays, both in practice and in theory. One of the challenges arising from the development of globalization has to do with respect for cultural diversity. It is often said that the success of economic globalization tends towards social and cultural homogeneity. To the extent that cultural diversity is usually seen as a valuable reality, that global trend seems to contradict our efforts to respect ethical pluralism, both personal and cultural, within society. In this paper I argue that (a) ethical minimalism, despite its emphasis on tolerance and justice, does not take pluralism seriously into account in present-day society, and (b) ethical minimalism is not suited to balancing the homogenizing trend of globalization. Certainly ethical norms are necessary, but by no means are they sufficient in themselves to encourage either justice or tolerance; nor are they sufficient to inspire and encourage good practices and sound regulations. Instead, virtue-based ethics has the capacity of inspiring and encouraging good practices. Particularly, virtue-based ethics is able to inspire a serious dialogue about ethical and legal issues both in the public arena and within organizations.     

经济全球化背景下的中国医药产业的发展策略

在介绍近年来中国医药产业发展的国际背景和国内背景的基础上,论述中国医药产业发展现状,提出中国医药产业未来的发展趋势及应对策略,主要包括使中国成为世界医药制造业中心的策略,加快医药产业电子商务步伐及促进医药流通业的迅速发展的对策。     

全球化进程中世界就业若干特征分析

随着经济全球化的深度推进,世界就业呈现出一系列规律性特征。主要表现在就业方式、就业结构以及劳资关系的变革上。正确认识全球化进程中劳动就业的规律性特征,对于制定正确的对外开放以及就业战略具有重要的意义。     

从经济增长理论看经济全球化中的金融趋同

新古典增长理论不能合理解释经济增长的趋同,围绕增长趋同之谜,内生增长理论从不同的角度展开了分析与探讨。金融是经济的核心,实体经济与金融经济存在着明显的区别,金融趋同是全球化背景下的显著现象。金融趋同受一定条件的制约,开放经济条件下金融趋同有多种实现路径。     

全球化背景下农产品供应链的发展及对策研究

在全球化背景下,构建和发展我国农产品供应链体系迫在眉睫。本文在借鉴国外经验的前提下,分析了我国农产品供应链的结构模式,并提出促进农产品供应链发展的对策。     

全球化与城市贫困:基于中部六省的实证分析

在经济全球化背景下,我国经济获得了长足的发展,与此同时,城市贫困问题也日趋严重。本文以我国中部6省为研究对象,从收入和消费两个维度,估计了一个包含贸易和外国直接投资(FDI)变量的贫困决定函数,实证分析了贸易和FDI对城市贫困的影响,着重检验了其中的非线性关系和“门槛效应”。研究表明,贸易和FDI对于贫困人口有着不同的影响;FDI流入与贫困变化之间存在着非线性关系,表明全球化只有达到一定水平后才会使穷人受益。