我国吸引跨国公司设立地区总部的区位优势分析

跨国公司地区总部承担着制定区域性经营战略和协调区域内众多子公司生产、销售、物流、研究与开发、资金统筹、人力资源培养等经营活动的职能。它的区位发展提升了东道国及所在区域的竞争力。近年来跨国公司在华设立地区总部数量一直不断上升,我国在吸引方面有哪些区位优势呢,这是本文研究的重点。     

农业旅游空间布局研究

农业旅游是农业与旅游业的交叉行业,也是一种新兴的专项旅游活动,由于具有贴近自然、参与性强等诸多优点,深受城市旅游者的青睐。通过对农业旅游空间布局的理论基础进行探寻,分析影响农业旅游空间布局的因素,提出农业旅游空间布局模式及其演化规律,并对农业旅游空间布局的优化提出了建议。     

高压输电线路故障测距算法综述

高压输电线路故障定位的准确性对电网的稳定运行有着非常重要的意义。文章对高压输电线路现有的各种测距方法进行了归纳总结和研究分析,并评述了各自的优点和不足。     

广西北部湾经济区城市群物流经济联系的中心性城市分析

广西北部湾经济区城市群作为一个新兴城市群,物流经济联系日益紧密,但中心性城市效应尚不明显,拟通过区位商法,对南宁、北海、钦州、防城港以及玉林、崇左等市的城市中心性指标值进行测定,以期对广西北部湾经济区城市群物流经济发展提供借鉴。     

基于模糊综合评价法的市郊铁路客运站选址研究

本文针对其特点,应用层次分析法建立市郊铁路客运站站址比选的指标体系,确定各指标的权重,结合模糊综合评价原理建立相应的站址方案评价模型,并给出算例分析,为市郊铁路客运站站址方案的比选提供了一种更科学、更符合实际的方法。     

喷雾器喷头工艺优化模拟

本文利用moldflow软件优化喷雾器喷头,得到合理、可靠的注射工艺参素,优化模具结构。     

企业选址中的区位粘性问题

绝大多数企业并没有遵循区位理论的指引,将企业选址在具有明显区位优势的地区,这个基本事实表明区位理论对企业选址的解释存在缺陷。文章试图从区位粘性的角度弥补理论缺陷,增加区位理论对企业选址的解释力度。文章在综述区位理论的基础上,从空间经济学的角度定义了区位粘性,采用路径依赖理论和网络嵌入性理论对区位粘性的内涵进行了深入剖析,结合出生于小城市的中国企业区位选址的实践分析了区位粘性的构成因素。研究结果发现非理性决策因素、商业模式的地域关联性、社会资源优势、集聚效应、洼地效应以及政治资源优势等六种因素构成了区位粘性的基本内涵,并形成了企业原址对企业的强大粘着力,对企业选址决策具有强烈的影响和作用,只有在外在的冲击力强到足以打破区位粘性时,企业才会做出再选址决策。     

Hub location problems in transportation networks

In this paper we propose a 4-index formulation for the uncapacitated multiple allocation hub location problem tailored for urban transport and liner shipping network design. This formulation is very tight and most of the tractable instances for MIP solvers are optimally solvable at the root node. While the existing state-of-the-art MIP solvers fail to solve even small size instances of problem, our accelerated and efficient primal (Benders) decomposition solves larger ones. In addition, a very efficient greedy heuristic, proven to be capable of obtaining high quality solutions, is proposed. We also introduce fixed cost values for Australian Post (AP) dataset.     

Accommodating spatial correlation across choice alternatives in discrete choice models: an application to modeling residential location choice behavior

This paper presents a modeling methodology capable of accounting for spatial correlation across choice alternatives in discrete choice modeling applications. Many location choice (e.g., residential location, workplace location, destination location) modeling contexts involve choice sets where alternatives are spatially correlated with one another due to unobserved factors. In the presence of such spatial correlation, traditional discrete choice modeling methods that are often based on the assumption of independence among choice alternatives are not appropriate. In this paper, a Generalized Spatially Correlated Logit (GSCL) model that allows one to represent the degree of spatial correlation as a function of a multi-dimensional vector of attributes characterizing each pair of location choice alternatives is formulated and presented. The formulation of the GSCL model allows one to accommodate alternative correlation mechanisms rather than pre-imposing restrictive correlation assumptions on the location choice alternatives. The model is applied to the analysis of residential location choice behavior using a sample of households drawn from the 2000 San Francisco Bay Area Travel Survey (BATS) data set. Model estimation results obtained from the GSCL are compared against those obtained using the standard multinomial logit (MNL) model and the spatially correlated logit (SCL) model where only correlations across neighboring (or adjacent) alternatives are accommodated. Model findings suggest that there is significant spatial correlation across alternatives that do not share a common boundary, and that the GSCL offers the ability to more accurately capture spatial location choice behavior.     

跨国公司地区总部区位分布的特征与决定因素

文章以福布斯2008年排行榜全球2000家企业在中国设立的地区总部为研究对象,对其分布的特征及决定因素进行了研究。研究发现：在分布特征上,跨国公司地区总部在我国呈现出了地区集聚（96％集中于北京、上海两个城市）和国别集聚（73．9％集中于美日等6个国家）的特点;在决定因素上,最为显著的指标是城市大小与人口规模、第三产业占GDP比重和信息传递水平。研究还表明：跨国公司在我国选择非政治、商业、金融中心的城市时,表现得极为谨慎;同时,全球仅有34．3％的跨国公司在我国设立地区总部,说明世界各国在我国的投资强度目前仍较弱。