Adivasi migrant labour and agrarian capitalism in southern India

This paper looks at a case of rural-to-rural movement of agrarian capital in southern India and the ways in which capital–labour relations are reworked to maintain oppressive forms of exploitation. Faced with an agrarian crisis, capitalist farmers from affluent communities of Wayanad, Kerala, take large tracts of land for lease in the neighbouring state of Karnataka and grow ginger based on price speculation. Landless Adivasis from Wayanad have served as labourers on these ginger farmlands for the past three decades. Recently, farmers have shifted to employing labourers from a Scheduled Caste (SC) from Karnataka. The change happened not just because of the lower wages the SC labourers were willing to work for but also because of the farmers' inclination to move away from Adivasis who have been resisting the poor working conditions on the farm. The story resonates with the broader dynamics of agrarian–labour relations amidst capitalist expansion and highlights the centrality of socio-political factors at play.     

农地证券化、劳动力转移与城乡收入分配

研究目的:通过建立反映农地资产变现能力作用机制的城乡二元结构模型,为中国城市化过程中的劳动力暂时性转移和城乡收入分配恶化现象提供新的理论解释。研究方法:通过数值模拟和统计检验方法,分析部门劳动生产率、转移成本和土地融资变现能力对劳动力转移数量、城乡收入分配的影响。研究结果:(1)农业和非农部门的技术进步都会对农村剩余劳动力产生正向影响;(2)清晰界定的土地产权会通过增强资产融资变现能力对农村劳动力迁移产生促进作用;(3)农地证券化增强土地资产的融资变现能力,为劳动力完全转移提供生活重置成本,有助于缩小城乡收入差距。研究结论:农地证券化有助于农户克服资本约束,实现劳动力的永久性转移,形成缩小城乡收入差距的长效机制。     

农村宅基地季节性闲置与完全闲置的比较——基于全国百县调查

研究目的：识别我国宅基地闲置的类型特征，分析不同类型的形成原因，为闲置宅基地科学管理、分类整治提供理论参考。研究方法：基于一项全国百县调查数据，对宅基地季节性和完全闲置进行比较研究，利用多元线性回归模型考察二者的影响因素。研究结果：季节性闲置比完全闲置更为常见，平均程度更深，村际差异也更大。中部地区农村宅基地平均闲置率最高且以季节性闲置为主，区位偏远农村季节性闲置更为普遍。人口迁移对宅基地闲置的解释力最强，家庭化迁移直接导致宅基地闲置；地理条件差异是形塑宅基地闲置地域分异的基础；确权颁证发挥产权固化的作用，对两种闲置均有促进作用；基础设施配套完善能有效抑制完全闲置，非农就业则明显提高季节性闲置。研究结论：季节性闲置宅基地仍发挥居住功能，不应视为资源浪费；完全闲置才是宅基地资源浪费的典型，在具体整治时应予以重点关注。