谈专利服务对行业发展的作用——对柳州市建立专利服务中心的思考

专利服务中心是为企业提供专业化、系统化专利服务的重要平台。专利服务中心为企业提供专利检索及专利事务咨询、专利信息及专利战略分析等服务,从而有效提高企业专利产出能力,增强企业核心竞争力。     

改进的混凝土质量管理戴明循环体系研究

研究了混凝土企业的生产现状及混凝土质量影响因素,提出了结构化、半结构化和非结构化分类方法。进而在质量管理戴明循环方法基础上提出了加速PDCA循环的理论。文中基于生产实时数据,综合混凝土生产人员素质、环境影响、设备性能等非结构化因素,采用自适应神经模糊推理系统（ANFIS）方法,建立了混凝土抗压强度模型,成功地预测改进措施对质量的影响程度与趋势,用于加速PDCA循环中检查（C）→处理（A）的过程。     

基于时间序列单方向因果测度的多国电子信息产业经济发展分析

通过主体对比法研究中、美、日3国电子信息产业的发展历程,从中寻找对中国电子信息发展的启示。以专利产出对产业经济的影响为研究点,利用计量经济学方法探究了多个专利指标与经济指标在宏观动态经济系统中的内稳态关系。基于协整和误差修正概念建立向量自回归模型,将时间序列计量方法应用于产业经济状况分析,在Granger因果测度条件下,利用多变量时间序列的单方向因果测度,定量描述专利发展对电子信息产业经济的FMO,OMO值。得出以下结论:授权数与GDP在Granger理论意义上存在弱因果关系;发明占比与GDP存在双向的因果关系;专利数量和发明占比对GDP的OMO值为0.450,两者存在内生联系,对经济发展具有协同作用。     

科技与金融结合实证分析——基于成都实践的思考

科技金融是实现科技与经济结合的重要手段,是培育战略型新兴产业的重要举措。文章以成都市为例,运用授权专利指标首先分析了金融与科技结合对科技创新能力的提升作用。其次运用混合横截面数据建立了实证模型。实证结果表明,科技与金融的结合能使专利的平均增长率达到40.43%,对经济增长的促进作用十分显著。通过进一步分析发现科技与金融结合中存在的主要问题是：结合模式单一与资金来源渠道狭窄;缺少融资引导机制导致投资风险高;政府的公共职能使得政府资金的引导作用有限。最后,提出了相应的对策建议,这一研究结果为科技金融分析提供了一定的借鉴意义。     

生物燃料电池技术专利计量分析

专利文献是科学技术的宝库,它能够反映科学技术的发展动态。以德温特专利数据库收录的生物燃料电池相关专利为分析对象,从时间、技术领域、国家和主要专利权人的角度对其进行专利计量分析,并利用社会网络分析软件Ucinet绘制合作网络图,对生物燃料电池专利的合作研发情况进一步分析,以为政府和科研机构以及企业制定生物燃料电池科技发展计划、研发计划、寻找合作伙伴、了解竞争格局以及把握产业发展趋势提供对策建议。     

Losing the lead: the patenting decision in the light of the disclosure requirement

Empirical findings state that the disclosure requirement might be a reason for firms to rely on secrecy rather than patents to protect their inventions. We choose a dynamic framework in which we can explicitly analyze the patenting decision reflecting the tradeoff between a positive protective effect and a negative effect due to the required disclosure of the protected invention. In spite of a patent, the inventor's rival may still enter the market with a non-infringing product. Measuring the technological lead of the inventor by a time advantage he has compared with his rival, we show that if his headstart exceeds a critical threshold, he will not patent and rather rely on secrecy.     

Technological and geographical proximity effects on knowledge spillovers: evidence from the US patent citations

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the pattern of knowledge flows as indicated by the patent citations in three areas: USA, Japan and Europe. In each economic area, we use information from United States Patent and Trademarks Office data to assess empirically the impact of the technological and geographical proximities for 530 international firms. In particular, the contribution to the existing literature is twofold: first, we use an international sample in such a way that we may compare the empirical results among different economic markets; second, we extend the analysis of the determinants of knowledge spillovers, taking into account the time dimension of the effects of the proximities. In order to compute the technological proximity, we follow the methodology developed by A.B. Jaffe (1986 Jaffe, A. B. 1986. Technological opportunity and spillovers of R&D: Evidence from firms’ patents, profits and market value. American Economic Review, 76(5): 984–1001. [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]. Technological opportunity and spillovers of R&D: Evidence from firms’ patents, profits and market value. American Economic Review 76, no. 5: 984–1001), where a technological vector is based on the distribution of patents of each firm across technology classes. As far as the geographic proximity is concerned, we use the latitude and the longitude coordinates of the city in which each firm is situated to obtain the distance, in miles, between the firms. The empirical results, in line with results from previous studies, indicate that there is a statistically significant relationship between the knowledge flows, proxied by the patent citations, and the proximities, but the effects are rather differentiated according to the proximity type.     

Should we reallocate patent fees to the universities?

In knowledge economies, patent agencies are often viewed as a relevant instrument of an efficient innovation policy. This paper brings a new support to that idea. We claim that these agencies should play an increasing role in the regulation of the relation between private R&D labs and public fundamental research units especially concerning the question of the appropriation of free usable research results. Since these two institutions work with opposite institutional arrangements (see P.S. Dasgupta and P.A. David. 1987. Information disclosure and the economics of science and technology. In Arrow and the accent of modern economic theory, ed. G.R. Feiwel, 519–42. New York: State University of New York Press), we essentially argue that there is, on the one hand, an over-appropriation of these results while, on the other hand, there is also an under-provision of free usable results issued from more fundamental research. We show how a public patent office can restore efficiency.     

The strategies of patent introduction into patent pools

This article explores patterns of patent introduction into seven patent pools over time, analyzing 1337 essential patents. Pools grow significantly after their launch, in particular through the addition of new patents by incumbent members. The generality, width and significance of patents introduced into pools decreases significantly over time. Incumbent members file and introduce patents that are narrower, more incremental and less cited than new entrants. Pool members, however, also introduce patents relevant to larger parts of the standard.     

A model for measuring and ranking a firm’s patent portfolio

ABSTRACT

Patent quality (PQ) is a critical and complex factor of a firm’s patent strategy. We posit that the existing PQ models and their methodological approaches are limited in their ability to address the multiple priorities of PQ – a firm’s strategic intentions, its stakeholders and balancing technology superiority and legal validity. We advance PQ literature by identifying the fourth generation of strategic PQ indicators and propose a hybrid multi-criteria model, based on AHP–TOPSIS, for patent portfolio measurement. The proposed PQ model provides a simple template that can guide the decisions of patent managers pursuing high quality patent portfolios. We test the PQ model by applying it in two sectors: 3G WCDMA telecommunications and biotechnology.