Acculturation,coping, and integration success of international skilled migrants: An integrative review and multilevel framework

In this article, we review the limited but growing body of research on international skilled migrants and examine to what extent knowledge generated in adjacent research streams—specifically, work on assigned and self‐initiated expatriates—can be meaningfully applied to aid our understanding of the challenges, coping strategies, and acculturation dynamics of skilled migrants. We develop a framework that explains how variables and processes at multiple levels (individual, organisational, and societal) influence migrant acculturation and coping and result in integration‐related outcomes in the domains of personal/family life and workplace/career. We discuss directions for future research and implications for practice.     

Does skilled migration reduce investment in human capital? An investigation on educational choices in Italian regions (2001–2016)

This paper investigates the effects of prospective migration on students’ investment in tertiary education. A simple theoretical model is presented in which individual educational choices, different across potential students because of heterogeneity in migration costs, are driven by expected returns and costs of tertiary education. In this framework, a larger probability of after-graduation migration is shown to affect educational choices by both reducing the rate of enrollment at home and favoring pre-graduation migration (i.e., enrollment at universities outside the residence region). The theoretical predictions are confirmed by the empirical investigation carried out on Italian interregional graduate migration in 2001–2016. In the lagging regions of Southern Italy, out-migration of students and graduates, and weak incentives to acquire tertiary education turn out to bring about depletion of local human capital.     

如何培养学生实践课程中的创新意识和能力

21世纪是一个创新的世纪,江泽民主席在北大百年校庆讲话中就指出:"创新能力是一个民族进步的灵魂,是国家兴旺发达的不竭的动力"。随着我国改革开放的进一步深入,社会经济发展对各类技能型人才的需求越来越多,要求也越来越高,高等职业院校作为培养和为社会输送市场需求的高素质技能型人才的阵地,就应全力创造一个良好的教学模式,去影响、促进学生积极向上,使他们成为高素质的创新型人才。     

产业结构调整下的广州市技能人才需求预测分析

金融危机对广州的传统制造业产生了较大的冲击,调整产业结构,提升创新能力是当前摆脱危机,实现经济新一轮增长的重要途径。在此过程中,技能人才的供给是广州三次产业战略调整的直接制约因素。尤其随着广州产业结构调整节奏的逐步加快,其对技能人才的市场需求将与三次产业的产值结构相匹配而趋于刚性。因此,合理预测广州三次产业发展中对技能人才的需求,增加技能人才的供给能力,是广州产业结构调整中的重要问题。     

Organized crime and wage inequality

This paper stresses the role of industrial organization of crime, and explores how organized crime affects wage inequality. We find that, when only unskilled workers (or both skilled and unskilled workers) engage in organized crime, an increase in the number of criminal groups will increase wage inequality if (1) the skilled sector is more capital intensive than the unskilled sector, and (2) the price elasticity of demand for the skilled product is large enough. However, when there are only skilled workers engaging in organized crime, condition (1) is sufficient to widen wage inequality, irrespective of the price elasticity.     

雇主视角下的高级技工短缺问题探析

针对我国高级技工短缺问题,从雇主视角出发,构建＂委托—代理＂模型对专业技能培养的投资行为进行数理推导,并在此基础上对雇佣双方的行动策略作单次动态博弈与重复动态博弈分析。结果表明由于存在技工离职的风险,企业会选择放弃对高级技工培养进行投资。为此,建议企业实施有利于雇佣双方在技能培养中采取合作行为的管理措施,为培养高级技工创造良好的博弈环境。     

人文理念在培养高技能人才模式的实践

文章主要探讨利用校内校外实训基地这个个平台,实施"工学交替"校企"内涵人文六方融合"的人才培养方式,在提高学生岗位技能采用"154培训模式"的同时,发挥企业与学校零距离接触的的六大功能,全面提升学生的职业综合素质。依托实训基地,充分发挥人文理念对学生实训的有效功能。     

OCB视角下的派遣员工激励

经济全球化背景下的产业转移升级和企业用工需求的增长,正推动服务外包业务加快进行。特别是在全球金融动荡的经济环境下,将有更多的跨国公司将其非核心业务外包,以降低成本、增强竞争力,这些因素都将推动劳务派遣用工方式的加速进行。因此,派遣员工的规范、管理、激励等问题亟待解决。文章在激励理论和组织公民行为理论的基础上,分析了不同类型派遣员工组织公民行为的分类和特征,提出基于组织公民行为理论的派遣员工激励策略。     

国际产品内贸易对中国收入分配的效应研究——基于中国工业行业数据的经验分析

采用中国35个工业行业的面板数据,检验国际产品内贸易对中国行业内部熟练劳动力和非熟练劳动力收入分配的效应。研究表明:现阶段,与技术进步相比,国际产品内贸易并不是造成中国收入差距拉大的重要影响因素;同时,由于中国熟练劳动力要素禀赋的相对缺乏,国际产品内贸易发生的行业要素密集度不同,对收入分配的影响也不同,其中劳动密集型和资本密集型行业内不同性质劳动者的收入差距会缩小,而技术密集型及兼具资本密集型和技术密集型的行业内收入差距则会拉大。     

构建农民工社会保障制度的政策建议

农民工社会保障制度的确立受制于户籍制度、城市劳动力市场的二元化和资金紧张等方面,应构建有中国特色的农民工社会保障制度:建立覆盖所有农民工的工伤保险制度、建立面向农民工的以最低生活保障为核心的社会救助制度、妥善解决农民工社会保险的异地转移问题、广开思路解决农民工社会保障的筹资,并加快社会保险的立法工作,加强农民工社会保障制度的监督执行。