全国统筹分县区类别保障:农民工养老保险关系转入障碍的消除——基于俱乐部经济理论的分析

不同统筹地区对经常处于流动就业状态的农民工养老保险关系的转入设置种种限制是促使农民工退保的一个主要原因。基于俱乐部经济理论对地方社区设置障碍的理性行为作了分析,进而提出消除这些障碍的方式——实现全国统筹分县区类别保障。     

"民工荒"的成因及对策分析

本文根据托达罗预期收益理论,对2004年以来我国部分地区出现的“民工荒”现象进行了分析,认为“民工荒”是农民工对预期收益与成本进行比较分析后做出的选择,并提出,要解决“民工荒”问题必须从提高农民工的工资待遇和改善农民工的社会福利入手。     

中国农村流动劳动力养老保障制度模式设计

就中国农村流动劳动力养老保障制度建设进行探讨。通过对当前已经实施的农村流动劳动力养老保障政策的分析,指出其内在不合理性,并且说明不合理性在于其设计基点——供给原则有误;提出农村流动劳动力纳入社会保障体系的现实选择是按照需求原则来设计,进而给出具体操作方案;在此基础上,通过对国家补充农村流动劳动力养老金数额的估算,提出实施这一方案的财务路径。     

技能型物流人才培养与系统化课程体系构建

技能型物流人才属于应用型人才范畴,其与知识型、学科型、研发型、创新型人才有本质区别,也与一般技艺型人才有明显不同.文章在技能型物流人才界定的基础上,探讨技能型物流人才培养的目标和方案,并有针对性的提出了新的系统化课程培养体系.     

Managing the well-being of temporary skilled migrants

The war for talent, whereby skilled workers move between countries, continues to remain a global issue. This paper is informed by the human resource management (HRM) literature on global careers of skilled migrants and their cross-cultural adjustment and well-being. These literatures draw on human capital theory to understand skilled migration. In this paper, a case study of Western Australia's answer to addressing skills shortages by employing skilled migrant workers through temporary skilled migration schemes (employer-sponsored) situates the discussion within the role of HRM. Temporary skilled migrants are vulnerable in that they can experience a number of stressors, including long periods of separation from their loved ones, commencing a new job in an alien environment and resettlement tasks. The paper makes a contribution in utilising Al Ariss and Syed's (2011) model of human capital drawing on social, cultural, economic and symbolic forms of currency for temporary skilled migrants. This group is not homogenous in that they all draw on these aspects of human capital in varying ways. By addressing the gaps, HRM can add value in providing assimilation strategies for temporary migrant workers that supports retention and ensures improved worker well-being.     

Understanding career experiences of skilled minority ethnic workers in France and Germany

Human resource management literature pays little attention to the agency of skilled ethnic minorities in Europe in terms of explaining their career choices and outcomes. As a step towards addressing this gap, we draw on two field studies based on qualitative interviews. One of these studies draws on interviews with 49 participants in France, and the other is based on interviews with 30 participants in Germany. Through a Bourdieuan analysis, we contribute to the human resource management literature, and demonstrate the varied forms that the agency of highly skilled ethnic minorities takes, in terms of their work experiences, in the context of structures of inequality in both countries.     

Capital income taxation under majority voting with aging population

An old person typically has a mixed attitude toward the welfare-state benefits, when they are financed by capital taxes, because her income derives mostly from capital. We develop a majority-voting model which focuses on the effect of aging on this dilemma. Surprisingly, the theory predicts that tax rates on capital income could actually rise as the population ages, even though older individuals would be expected to own more capital than the young and thus vote against higher taxes. We then confront the key prediction of the model with panel data for ten European Union countries, over the period 1970–1996. We investigate the asymmetric effect of aging on the taxation of capital and labor. The implications of the model are shown to be consistent with panel data. JEL no. H0, H5, P1     

European Labour Mobility: Challenges and Potentials

European Union economies are pressed by (i) a demographic change that induces population ageing and a decline of the workforce, and (ii) a split labour market that is characterized by high levels of unemployment for low-skilled people and a simultaneous shortage of skilled workers. This lack of flexible high-skilled workers and the aging process has created the image of an immobile labour force and the eurosklerosis phenomenon. In such a situation, an economically motivated immigration policy at the European level can generate welfare improvements. A selective policy that discourages unskilled migrants and attracts skilled foreign workers will vitalize the labour market, foster growth and increase demand for unskilled native workers. The paper summarizes the available economic insights, and suggests (i) the need to harmonize the single-country migration policies across Europe and (ii) that the European Union needs to become an active player on the international labour markets by providing competitive institutional settings for European companies. The author is President of the German Institute for Economic Research (DIW Berlin), Director of the Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) in Bonn, Professor of Economics at the University of Bonn, and Honorary Professor at the Free University of Berlin. Revised version of a paper presented at the high-level expert conference ‘Jobs for Europe’ on the Social Policy Agenda for the European Union on October 25–26, 2004 in Amsterdam. The author thanks Aart Jan Bette, Henk Don, Renske Gerstel, Klara Scheepers, Jan van der Velden and other members of the editorial committee of this conference as well as conference participants, two anonymous referees of this journal, and Amelie Constant, Don DeVoretz, Holger Hinte and Stephanie Wei Wang for many useful comments on earlier drafts.     

Researching expatriate types: the quest for rigorous methodological approaches

International talent flow is critical to meeting the needs for skilled human capital in global and multinational organisations and in developed and developing countries. Recent decades have witnessed a boom in research into long‐term skilled international mobility, especially the traditional category of international assignees, but also skilled immigrants and a relatively new expatriate type: self‐initiated expatriates. The upsurge in empirical interest has highlighted a number of issues relating to the way the research has been conducted. This article examines methodological issues associated with research into the three expatriate types and seeks to advise researchers on how future research can be conducted to improve the robustness of results. In this way, practitioners and policy makers may be able to make more use of the empirical evidence.     

留住农村年青劳动力的财政思考

随着农村大量年青劳动力的转移,懂经营、善管理、具有一定科技头脑的乡土人才大量流失,解决农村剩余劳动力转移与人力资源流失之间的矛盾,已经成为推进社会主义新农村建设的当务之急。从财政支农的角度来说,依据"多予、少取、放活"方针,提高财政支农工作整体水平,是留住农村年青优秀劳动力,建设社会主义新农村的重要措施。