基于人力资源产权运作机制的会计制度安排研究

本文以所有权界定为基础,对包括产权结构、权能交易、权益分配在内的人力资源产权运行进行了分析,揭示了基于产权运行人力资源会计程序的内在机制,从产权的初始状态、权能的动态过程、到权益的最终结果为其会计处理设计制度安排,以寻求解决人力资源会计应用所面临的标准问题。     

Secured lower bound, composition up, and minimal rights first for bankruptcy problems

We study the implications of secured lower bound when imposed together with minimal rights first or composition up for the resolution of conflicting claims. We show that the Talmud rule is the only rule satisfying secured lower bound, minimal rights first, and consistency. In addition, we show that if minimal rights first and consistency in the above characterization were replaced with composition up and null claims consistency, respectively, the constrained equal awards rule stands out as the only acceptable rule.     

第三方物流服务商物流能力构成研究

第三方物流服务商是物流服务的主体,其物流能力的强弱直接影响着物流服务水平与效率。本文认为,第三方物流服务商的物流能力主要由物流要素能力、物流管理能力、物流服务能力、物流创新能力以及物流规划能力等五大能力构成。     

国际贸易对环境的影响:中国各省的二氧化硫(SO2)工业排放

为了更好地理解贸易对环境的影响,我们建立了一个四方程联立系统,其中SO2排放由规模、结构、技术这三个经济因素决定,并直接由贸易影响。然后我们利用中国29个省份1993—2001年期间工业SO2排放的面板数据来估计模型。我们的估计结果显示,出口和制造品进口在工业SO2排放的决定中起了完全相反的作用。结果不支持污染庇护地假说;出口企业所面对的市场竞争增强,是促进污染治理技术进步的积极因素。     

The Effect of Board Size and Composition on the Efficiency of UK Banks

We examine a sample of 17 banking institutions operating in the UK between 2001 and 2006 to provide empirical evidence on the association between the efficiency of UK banks and board structure, namely board size and composition. Our approach is to use data envelopment analysis to estimate several measures of the efficiency of banks, and then to use panel data regressions for investigating the impact of board structure on efficiency. After controlling for bank size and capital strength, we find some evidence of a positive association between board size and efficiency, although this is not robust across all our specifications. Board composition, by contrast, has a robustly significant and positive impact on all measures of efficiency.     

中国外汇储备的构成、收益与风险

基于美国财政部国际资本系统(TIC)的数据,本文对中国外汇储备的币种和证券资产构成进行推测,并估算其成本与收益,分析潜在的资本风险。本文结论显示,绝大部分中国外汇储备被用于美元、欧元资产的投资,其中,美国的国债和机构债券占主体地位。若以美元计价,2000~2009年中国外汇储备的平均收益率尚达4%~5%;若以人民币计价,汇改前的平均收益率为5.54%,汇改后仅为1%。在剔除外汇冲销成本之后,汇改前的平均净收益率为3.59%,汇改后为-1.64%。与低收益率不相匹配的是,中国外汇储备面临着较高的资本损失风险,如两房机构债券违约风险、利率(通货膨胀)风险和汇率风险等。     

Inflation targeting and the composition of public expenditure: Evidence from developing countries

An important literature shows that inflation targeting (IT) adoption improves fiscal discipline. Our impact assessment analysis performed in a large sample of 89 developing countries over three decades shows that this favorable impact covers a composition effect: IT adoption is found to reduce more current expenditure compared with public investment in IT countries relative to non-IT countries. This finding is robust to various alternative specification, related to the structure of the sample, the measurement of the IT regime, or the estimation method. Consequently, aside from its acknowledged benefits for monetary policy goals, IT appears as an efficient tool to strengthen fiscal policy in developing countries towards lower and more productive public expenditure.