Which Gender Wage Gap Estimates to Trust? A Comparative Analysis

The aim of this paper is to compare estimates of the adjusted wage gap from different methods and sets of conditioning variables. We apply available parametric and non‐parametric methods to LFS data from Poland for 2012. While the raw gap amounts to nearly 10 percent of the female wage; the adjusted wage gap estimates range between 15 percent and as much as 23 percent depending on the method and the choice of conditional variables. The differences across conditioning variables within the same method do not exceed 3pp, but including more variables almost universally results in larger estimates of the adjusted wage gaps. Methods that account for common support and selection into employment yielded higher estimates of the adjusted wage gap. While the actual point estimates of adjusted wage gap are slightly different, all of them are roughly twice as high as the raw gap, which corroborates the policy relevance of this methodological study.     

Solving RE models with discontinuous policy rules – an application to minimum wage setting in Germany

The legal regulations require the minimum wage in Germany to be adjusted biennially which gives rise to a policy discontinuity. From the perspective of rational expectations models, such policy features render standard local approximation techniques infeasible. The article presents a stylized model in which negotiated wages and corporate profits are the outcome of an optimization problem, while changes to the minimum wage are modelled by a discontinuous policy rule. Using the simple example of minimum wage setting in Germany, the article illustrates how such models can be solved using the method of undetermined coefficients and presents selected simulation results.     

The effects of minimum wages on the health of working teenagers

This article examines the effect of minimum wage increases on the self-reported health of teenage workers. We use a difference-in-differences estimation strategy and data from the Current Population Survey, and disaggregate the sample by race/ethnicity and gender to uncover the differential effects of changes in the minimum wage on health. We find that white women are more likely to report better health with a minimum wage increase while Hispanic men report worse health.     

Relative Pay of Domestic Eldercare Workers in Shanghai,China

Domestic services represent a growing sector of the economy in many high- and upper-middle income countries. Demand for domestic workers for eldercare is especially high as a result of the rapid aging of the population in these countries. However, domestic eldercare employment is characterized as a low-pay, low-status occupation worldwide. This article examines the relative pay of domestic eldercare workers in urban China and its underlying determinants. The estimates show that when holding observable individual characteristics constant, domestic eldercare workers earn 28 percent less than other types of workers in the service sector in Shanghai. The analysis attributes the low wages of eldercare workers to the fact that domestic paid work is culturally devalued, eldercare is performed by workers from the most marginalized segments of Shanghai's labor force, and the users of eldercare are relatively poor among the users of domestic services.     

迁移类型、户籍身份与工资收入水平*

本文基于2013年中国居民收入调查数据（CHIP）,考察各类迁移对工资收入水平的影响。OLS及PSM估计结果均表明各类迁移有利于工资收入水平的提升;采用局部工具变量法进行稳健性检验,发现本文的研究结论依然成立。分迁移范围来看,市外迁移的平均收入增长效应大于市内迁移的平均收入增长效应;分户籍类型来看,农村户籍迁移的平均收入增长效应大于城市户籍的平均收入增长效应。综合比较各种迁移类型的收入增长效应,由强至弱可以将其排列为：永久移民市外迁移、农村户籍市外迁移、本地居民市外迁移、城市户籍市外迁移、农村户籍市内迁移、城市户籍市内迁移、本地居民市内迁移、永久移民市内迁移。城市化的核心在于满足居民的自由迁移意愿,从本文的研究结论来看,鼓励就近城市化而妨碍人口跨区域流动的城市化模式尚未得到收入增长激励的支撑。在推动户籍制度改革及公共服务均等化的同时,应注重建立全国统一的要素市场,进一步完善城市的空间结构体系。     

中国工会存在工资溢价吗* ——基于控制样本选择性偏差的Blinder Oaxaca回归分解

本文采用2008年中国社会综合调查数据,运用工具变量的方法,研究了中国工会的工资溢价问题。研究结果表明,工会会员与非工会会员之间的小时工资差异主要是由禀赋效应造成的,系数效应和交叉效应并不明显。换句话说,工会工人的资源禀赋和工作特征禀赋等是造成工资差异的主要原因,工会对工资没有明显的直接影响。工会会员在入会倾向方面具有明显的群体特征。最后本文提出了加强工会有效性的两点建议。     

低工资率下向左上方倾斜的劳动力供给曲线分析——“民工荒”现象的又一种解释

近年来屡屡出现的＂民工荒＂现象是由于低工资率下向左上方倾斜的劳动力供给曲线的存在而导致的。随着工资率的上涨,低收入者的劳动供给时间将减少,从而导致＂民工荒＂现象的出现。＂民工荒＂现象的微观主体原因是,新生代农民工已经成为农村劳动力迁移者的主体。中国目前仍处于＂刘易斯拐点＂前期,可以预计,农民工收入将步入快速增长期,从而给中国产业结构的调整带来新的约束条件。     

农村居民家庭纯收入构成及影响因素差异分析

随着经济的发展和社会环境的变化,近年来我国农村出现了许多新情况、新问题,农村居民家庭收入的构成和影响因素也发生了许多新的变化。工资性收入和其他收入的贡献额度不断增大,家庭经营性收入的贡献额度逐渐减少。本文以1990年到2008年时间序列数据为例,对三者影响因素的计量分析显示,教育水平、劳动力转移、土地对农村居民家庭纯收入的不同构成成分,具有显著的影响差异;并得到三个推论。     

浅析影响房地产价格的三大政策因素

文章在根据近年房地产市场迅速发展的基础上,对房地产价格的影响较大的土地政策、金融政策和财税政策等三大宏观调控政策进行了深入的分析。     

基于不对称信息的试用期员工能力识别工具分析

在新《劳动合同法》颁布实施后,对试用期时间和试用期工资有了更明确的规定。在传统招聘识别的基础上,基于企业招聘的流程与任务,利用减少业主与员工间不对称信息的途径,提出试用期识别新员工能力的三种组合方法,以期对企业确定最优试用期与最优试用期工资数量及结构有所帮助。