国际会展管理专业的教育模式及其启示

比较详细地介绍国外会展管理专业的教育模式，具体包括国外会展管理专业的教育层次、学科体系、课程设置以及存在的普遍问题。重点以在会展管理教育方面卓有成效的澳大利亚维多利亚大学（Victoria University）、英国利兹城市大学（Leeds Metropolis University）、新西兰林肯大学（Lincon University Newzealand）为例具体说明和解释。还就如何调整我国的会展教育体系以便进一步与国际接轨提出策略建议。     

Up the Proverbial Creek without a Paddle: Accounting for Variable Participant Skill Levels in Recreational Demand Modelling

We adapt the standard random utility model to take account of the heterogeneity of recreational preferences by using what we call a “skilled-based conditional logit framework”. By separating out our sample of whitewater kayakers into two exogenously identifiable groups (based on their skill level) and running separate conditional logits for each group we are able to take account of the fact that kayakers of different skill levels are looking for different characteristics from the whitewater site they choose to visit. We find that not taking into account the differences in the skill of the kayakers and the grade of the river will result in an overestimation of the welfare estimates associated with improvements to lower grade whitewater sites (which are frequented by basic/intermediated proficiency level kayakers) and underestimating welfare estimates associated with changes in the attributes of higher grade whitewater sites (which are frequented by advanced proficiency level kayakers).      

Airline alliances—who benefits?

The advent of global airline alliances in the 1980s gave rise to concerns that increased monopoly power of major carriers would lead to large and sustained producer surpluses. These global alliances now enjoy dominant market shares in the industry. This review examines some 15 years of alliance experience and finds no conclusive evidence that alliance membership has yielded monopoly profits to the airlines. Improvements in terms of load factors and general productivity levels have, for the most part, been accompanied by fare reductions of similar magnitude, resulting in only modest gains to the carriers.     

A PTAL approach to measuring changes in bus service accessibility

Accessible transport systems are essential to ensure equal opportunities for all people in society. The need for information about transport disadvantage is now a key policy requirement and previous studies have highlighted the need for tools to assess the impact of interventions on the bus network and the accessibility of the system. Geographical Information System (GIS) and ACCMAP enable the analysis of transport disadvantage and accessibility. This paper provides an analysis of the Citybus Network in Northern Ireland and assesses the spatial impact of a hypothetical network change on populations residing within the Citybus network area.     

河南省乡村旅游地空间分布与影响因素研究

[目的]通过测度河南省乡村旅游地的地理集聚状况、地理联系程度、发展等级分异,以准确把握河南省乡村旅游地的空间分布特征及其影响因素。[方法]选取河南省18个地级市的259个乡村旅游特色村、100个休闲观光园区、82个生态旅游示范镇为研究样本,结合数学计量方法和GIS技术,综合运用基尼指数、地理集中指数、地理联系率、核密度估计值、乡村旅游等级发展指数,对河南省乡村旅游地的空间分布特征和影响因素进行定量分析。[结果](1)河南省的乡村旅游地类型丰富,按所占比例依次为山地景区旅游带、过渡区旅游带、市区边缘旅游带、小规模旅游带4种类型。(2)河南省乡村旅游地空间分布趋于集聚,总体呈现出中西北部密集,东南部稀松的分布特征,地区间发展分异明显,且乡村旅游地与地区经济、人口要素匹配性高。(3)河南省乡村旅游发展模式为多核心带动型,发展等级豫北最高,豫中次之,豫南和豫西居于中间,豫东因缺少核心带动城市而成为全省低谷地区。(4)人均GDP、人口密度、城乡人口结构、国家景区依托、公路铁路干道交通、自然资源条件是影响乡村旅游地空间分布的主要因素。[结论]河南省乡村旅游地空间集聚程度高,且与国家A级景区分布高度吻合,应注重打造乡村旅游与A级景区建设的协调发展机制,打造"大旅游"片区;同时高集聚分布也代表着乡村旅游地发展等级空间分异明显,应围绕豫东、豫南打造核心城市,以弥补发展短板。     

葵花子真空保质干燥品质质量AHP综合评价

运用层次分析法对葵花子保质干燥进行评价，并提出全面的定量化和定性化的层次结构评价模式和总体评价方法。首先建立葵花子干燥品质优选的层次分析结构模型及判断矩阵，然后进行层次排序，并对判断矩阵进行一致性检验，在定性、定量指标转换的基础上形成评价方法。生产试验表明该方法简易可行，结论符合实际。     

Who does what in enabling ambidexterity? Individual Actions and HRM practices

Abstract

In this paper, we explain how ambidexterity, the simultaneous pursuit of exploration and exploitation, is enabled at the individual level of analysis. Research on ambidexterity has been dominated by theoretical approaches focusing on the organisational level; however, we know little about how ambidexterity is enacted by employees. There is also limited work on the multilevel aspects of individual employee actions, for example, particular roles and specifically the level of seniority of the role. We address these gaps by asking: Which individual actions are undertaken by employees at particular levels of seniority in the organization to enable ambidexterity? In order to answer this question we draw on previous research to construct reliable measures of the individual actions that enable ambidexterity. The hypothesized mediation effect of these individual actions is confirmed on the basis of survey data from 212 employees from a UK-based Professional Service Firm. The findings indicate that senior employees are more likely to use ‘integration’, ‘role expansion’ and ‘tone setting’, whilst employees with specialist knowledge about their clients use ‘gap filling’ to enable ambidexterity. Finally, we draw together these findings with 35 interviews conducted to present the HRM practices which support ambidexterity.     

An examination of the factors that impact upon multiple vehicle ownership: The case of Dublin, Ireland

This paper examines the characteristics of households with multiple car ownership in Dublin, Ireland. Data from the 2006 Census of Ireland are analysed to ascertain the characteristics of these households. The analysis of multiple car ownership presented herein examines individual specific, transport availability, and household characteristics to provide an indication of the individuals most likely to have access to more than one vehicle. Understanding the characteristics of households with more than one car is important for many reasons, such as how policies for emissions reductions or pricing regimes might affect households. Ireland, like many countries, has recently launched a number of electric vehicle and car sharing schemes. Traditionally these schemes have been aimed at reducing multiple car ownership, therefore it is important to develop an understanding of the households that would most likely give up an extra car and use a car sharing scheme or an electric vehicle. Also from a sustainability point of view, greater levels of car ownership can result in unsustainable transport patterns.This paper examines the Census data using a multinomial logit regression model to determine the relationships between multiple car ownership levels and several household characteristics. The findings of the paper demonstrate that occupation, public transport availability and residential density all have an impact upon the decision to own more than one vehicle.     

Defining and monitoring the quality of shared-use transportation facilities in parks and recreation areas

Transportation networks in parks and recreation areas provide travelers recreation opportunities and often support multiple transportation modes (e.g., hiking, walking, biking). In recreation areas, the quality of transportation service may be monitored and evaluated differently than in traditional transportation contexts. However, few studies have examined approaches for defining and monitoring the quality of transportation service and recreation experiences. This study applies traffic monitoring models to monitor (1) the quality of transportation service through the Levels of Service (LOS) framework and (2) travelers’ recreation experiences through the indicators and standards framework simultaneously on the Burlington Bike Path (BBP), a typical shared-use transportation recreation facility in Vermont. Results identify the temporal pattern of visitors use and the mode splits between cyclists and pedestrians. Moreover, study results show that the majority of travelers use the BBP for recreation or mixed purpose of recreation and commute. Study results build quantitative relationships between LOS and indicators and standards of quality that will help inform management of transportation in the context of recreation. The indicators and standards framework can help define the thresholds of acceptable levels of transportation service through the LOS framework. The relationships between LOS and the indicators and standards framework help build a robust and fully parameterized transportation planning and management framework for parks and recreation areas. Study results suggest quantitative guidelines that can be used to evaluate and monitor the quality of transportation performance for shared-use paths in parks and recreation areas.     

Contests with multiple alternative prizes: Public-good/bad prizes and externalities

We study contests in which there are multiple alternative public-good/bad prizes, and the players compete, by expending irreversible effort, over which prize to have awarded to them. Each prize may be a public good for some players and a public bad for the others, and the players expend their effort simultaneously and independently. We first prove the existence of a pure-strategy Nash equilibrium of the game, then establish when the total effort level expended for each prize is unique across the Nash equilibria, and then summarize and highlight other interesting and important properties of the equilibria. Finally, we discuss the effects of heterogeneity of valuations on the players’ equilibrium effort levels and a possible extension of the model.