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91.
《Journal of medical economics》2013,16(6):828-834
AbstractObjective:The objective of this study was to compare clinician and patient measures of satisfaction with two pharmacological stress agents (PSA), regadenoson and dipyridamole, used in Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) Myocardial Perfusion Imaging (MPI).Methods:This observational study included patients who had undergone SPECT MPI with regadenoson or dipyridamole, as well as the clinician/clinical technologist who performed the test. Mean scores for individual item and domain scores of the main outcome measures were computed as well as the effect sizes (ES) of the mean difference in scores between treatment groups. Statistical significance of the mean item and domain score differences were assessed via Mann-Whitney tests.Main outcomes measures:Two self-report questionnaires which had beeb previously developed and validated: Patient Satisfaction/Preference Questionnaire (PSPQ) and Clinician Satisfaction/Preference Questionnaire (CSPQ).Results:A total of 87 patients (68 received regadenoson, 19 received dipyridamole) and nine clinicians/clinical technologists took part in the study. Patients had a mean age of 66.8?±?12.2 years, and 56.3% were male. Compared to dipyridamole, use of regadenoson was associated with greater clinician satisfaction on all items and domains of the CSPQ (p?<?0.001 for all comparisons). Among patients, regadenoson was associated with less bother and greater satisfaction than dipyridamole for all items on the PSPQ. These patients reported less stinging at the injection site (ES?=??0.66) and less nervousness during injection (ES?=??0.60). The PSPQ found that regadenoson patients were more satisfied with their PSA than dipyridamole patients in all areas.Limitations:This study utilized a relatively small sample size of dipyridamole patients and lacked an adenosine group. A broader sampling of professionals would also help demonstrate generalizability.Conclusion:Both patients and clinicians reported higher satisfaction with regadenoson compared to dipyridamole for SPECT-MPI. Clinicians were particularly satisfied with the preparation and administration aspects of the drug, while patients rated it highly on convenience and reduced incidence of side-effects. 相似文献
92.
This article investigates the elasticity of different technology choices to energy efficiency and chemical oxygen demand/ammonia nitrogen emission reducing efficiency among 38 industries in China from 2008 to 2011. With data envelopment analysis, total-factor productivity growth, the common measure of technical progress, is divided into different parts: technical efficiency relative to the frontier, technology change and scale efficiency, which are regarded as three different choices of technological progress. For various industries, technology elasticity is quite different and the importance of different technical choices is diverse in the improvement of efficiency on energy saving and emission reduction. Policymakers could focus on the elasticity of different technical progress choices in various industries to improve energy and emission reduction efficiency. 相似文献
93.
文章结合工作实践,谈及当前社会与供电企业节能减排面临问题及应对措施,同时介绍了一些供电企业节能减排的具体情况,供同行参考。 相似文献
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95.
《Food Policy》2017
This paper analyzes the relationship between local poverty and food manufacturing growth in Chile and Mexico using propensity score matching, differences in differences and spatial econometrics methods. We focus on food manufacturing as a sector with a number of characteristics that make it potentially pro-poor, and whose incentives for spatial distribution may either strengthen or dampen its poverty reduction potential. The overall results indicate growth in food manufacturing employment contributes to local poverty reduction. 相似文献
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97.
为了降低二氧化碳的排放水平,实现可持续发展,一些国家以碳税作为发展低碳经济的重要手段。碳税是从多方面促进低碳经济的,对产业结构的升级和转型至关重要。在分析瑞典碳税政策、测算瑞典产业结构水平的基础上,本文对瑞典碳税与产业结构水平的关系进行实证分析。研究结果表明,瑞典碳税是提高瑞典产业结构水平的重要因素。据此,本文提出了关于我国开征碳税的建议。 相似文献
98.
目前应对气候变化的国际谈判处于典型的囚徒困境状态,为更有效地开展全球气候治理,作者依据能否保障全球减排目标实现、公平性、排放的静态配置效率和促进减排技术进步的动态效率等四条标准,比较了国际社会提出的三种气候治理政策工具,即行业技术标准、全球排放税和可交易排放许可。分析表明,行业技术标准类政策工具在四个评价标准方面均不如另外两类工具;而全球排放税的政策工具在排放的静态配置效率方面较行业技术标准类有优势,在其他评价方面的优势也不突出。在可交易排放许可政策工具之下,如果把历史排放纳入全球排放许可范畴并在国别间公平划分,且将所有国家都纳入到该治理工具的适用范围内,则该工具既能有效克服国别间的碳泄漏问题,体现国别间公平性原则,又能促进排放的静态配置效率达到最优,有效促进减排技术的进步,其综合优势最为突出。在可交易排放许可框架下,实行碳关税或其他边境调节措施有违世界贸易组织的原则。 相似文献
99.
推进中小城市节能减排,资金是关键,也是瓶颈。利用国外贷款,是解决中小城市节能减排资金难题的重要途径。文章以山东海河流域污染治理利用亚行贷款项目为例,探讨了用好国外贷款推进中小城市节能减排的基本经验和主要问题,并提出了发挥国外贷款最大效益、深化国际金融合作、加快中小城市公用事业市场化改革的相关建议。 相似文献
100.
文章阐述了几种常见的含氨放空气处理方法,从实际角度出发,分析了采用氨加工系统处理含氨放空气在运行中容易出现的问题,并提出了采用填料塔来解决含氨放空气的方法。 相似文献