青霉素、土霉素菌渣研究利用现状及特性分析

随着人们环保意识的提高,如何处理处置制药行业产生的废茵渣,实现废茵渣的无害化、资源化成为亟待解决的难题.对青霉素、土霉素菌渣的研究利用现状进行了总结,现有研究利用情况均存在一定的问题,需进一步研究开发新的、行之有效的利用途径,并对它们的特性进行了分析,实验结果表明,青霉素、土霉素茵渣中含有大量的有机物,重金属、无机成分...     

储粮中磷化氢残留检测技术研究进展

介绍了当前国内外在储粮熏蒸剂磷化氢残留检测中常用的样品前处理技术——溶剂提取法、微波辅助萃取法和顶空固相微萃取法等,以及比色法、气相色谱法和气质联用法等检测技术,并比较分析了各方法之间的优点与不足。进而探讨了今后储粮中磷化氢残留检测技术研究的重点和方向。     

Intensification of conservation agriculture systems for increased livestock feed and maize production in Zimbabwe

Livestock and crops are key components of mixed farming systems and are a source of household food and income. However, mixed farming systems face livestock feed shortages and low soil productivity challenges. Conservation agriculture (CA) systems based on minimum soil disturbance, crop residue retention and crop rotations offer an opportunity to grow both fodder and food crops on the available land to improve productivity and crop output per-unit area. A four-year experiment involving maize monocropping as control treatment and four relay or intercropping treatments with different legume and fodder crops was set up on contrasting soils in Zimbabwe. Lablab was superior in biomass production compared with radish on both soil types. On the clay soil, continuous maize, sole lablab, sole radish, maize/lablab relay and radish/common beans relay treatments produced similar biomass when soil moisture was adequate. When soil moisture was limiting, lablab produced more biomass than continuous maize, radish, maize/lablab relay and radish/beans relay treatments on clay soil. On sandy soils, lablab produced more biomass than continuous maize, radish, maize/lablab relay and radish/beans relay treatments. Leguminous and non-leguminous fodder crops can be grown successfully in CA systems that are being promoted in the mixed crop/livestock farming systems of southern Africa.     

Double Misplaces of SOE＇s Ownership and the Loss of Claim Rights

Modem enterprise theory defines onterprise＇s ownership through the concepts of residual rights of control and claim to residue. It also believes that when they are in homologous, the ownership of enterprise can be arranged in the best place. When the enterprise is under normal run, shareholders are its owner, but when it goes into bankruptcy, claimers should take place of shareholders becoming the owner of the enterprise. But in China, the ownership of state-owned enterprise （SEE） goes into double misplaces. Management controls the enterprise under the normal run, which leads salaries to seize the earnings and share equities. The state who acts as the shareholder not only lessens investments but also fixes its earnings as much as possible. It gives up the claim to residue, which leads claimers to bear the enterprise＇s residual risks （when the residual income is negative）. When the enterprise goes into bankruptcy, as the shareholder, the state determines whether it can exist or not in order to maximize its own utility. Rights of claimer are being seriously damaged as they can be manipulated freely in the enterprise. Banks＇ bad debts are also in an extremely high level. In this article, the author will establish a model and use the relative data to do technical analysis.     

基于索洛余值法的河北省物流业科技进步贡献率分析

采用灰色关联法和索洛余值法,对河北省2000-2011年物流业科技进步贡献率进行了测算和分析。结果发现：在此期间,河北省物流业科技进步贡献率呈现出W型波动式变化;资本投入贡献率呈现出M型的波动式变化;劳动投入贡献率则基本呈现水平的态势。物流业科技进步平均贡献率在55%左右,资本投入平均贡献率为38%左右,劳动投入贡献率在7%左右。指出河北省物流业基本处于集约型经济发展的初期阶段,应加大物流科技的投入力度,以保持河北省物流业增长的质量。     

Modeling economic and agro-environmental dynamics of potato production systems

Crop rotation and other input management practices are of particular interest for their potential impacts on economic and agro-environmental components of potato production. Although crop yield and experimental impacts of rotations of grains, oilseed and legume crops have been published for several experimental studies in Canada there are few models related to the economic and environmental dynamics of potato production. We describe a dynamic model which integrates environmental and economic processes in potato production. The potato rotation model consists of interconnected modules of irrigation and precipitation, soil characteristics, soil erosion, soil water, phosphorus, nitrogen, soil organic matter, farming operations, crop yield and the related calculation of economic return. While not all aspects of crop production have been interlinked, including nitrogen carry-over, this model is the first step in the analysis of experimental data for irrigated potato rotations conducted in southern Manitoba.      

利用HS-GC/MS和响应面法分析纸中溶剂残留的方法研究

本研究以N,N-二甲基乙酰胺为稀释剂,使用顶空-气相色谱质谱联用分析法（HS-GC/MS）测定了纸质包装材料中常见的8种有机溶剂的残留。采用HP-5MS色谱柱分离有机溶剂,He气流速为1ml/min;进样口温度250℃;升温程序为初始温度35℃,保持3min,以10℃/min速率升温至100℃,保持2min,共11.5min可以将8种有机溶剂分离开来。运用响应面法优化前处理温度和时间,发现前处理温度对峰面积影响显著,而前处理时间影响较不显著;最佳前处理温度为100℃,时间40min。该实验条件下,计算回归方程和相关系数,根据信噪比（S/N）为3,确定检出限。结果得到：8种残留溶剂的线性范围为0.330-7.956mg/m~2,线性相关系数为0.9952-0.9997,检出限为0·01-0.38mg/m^2;加标回收率为99%-114.8%,相对标准偏差RSD（n=5）为0.916%-1.455%。     

CTA氧化残渣回收研究及工业化试验

以粗对苯二甲酸(CTA)氧化残渣回收利用实验室技术为基础,介绍了建设一套1 kt/a工业化CTA氧化残渣回收试验装置的工艺流程选择情况,提出了初步的工程技术方案。从设备操作、工艺运行等方面分析了工业化试验存在的问题,并提出了改进措施。     

基于QuEChERS方法检测蔬菜和水果中农药残留的质量控制分析

本文阐述了质量控制在蔬菜和水果的农药残留检测中的重要性,并基于QuEChERS方法从样品采集、样品制备、样品运输、提取净化和仪器测定等关键步骤提出了质量控制措施,为果蔬农药残留检测的完善和发展提供参考。     

气相色谱法在蔬菜中农药残留检测的实验研究

目的:了解气相色谱法在蔬菜农药残留检测中的应用情况.方法:文章依据随机抽样原则抽取5份样品,将样品切碎后匀浆粉碎,并经超声提取处理.利用HP-5弹性石英毛细管柱,测定了样品中残留的有机磷农药、氨基甲酸酯农药含量.结果:在0.01～1.00μg·mL-1加标浓度下,有机磷农药具有良好的线性关系,回收率为85.0％～100...