高等职业院校校园安全文化建设探析

加强高职院校校园安全文化建设,是全面落实科学发展观,构建和谐社会,实现人的全面自由发展的时代要求,更是高校自身发展和大学生健全人格,提高综合素质的必然要求。高职院校应通过创建平安校园、和谐校园,加强校园安全文化建设,培育文明安全、规范有序的校园安全文化。     

区域经济发展与粮食生产耦合分析——以榆林市为例

为更好地协调经济发展与粮食生产二者之间的关系,文章以榆林市各县级单元为评价对象,在构建经济发展与粮食生产综合评价指标体系的基础上,探究二者之间的耦合度及耦合协调度,并根据结果对研究区进行了耦合协调型分区。结果表明:榆林市各县级单元的经济发展与粮食生产耦合度值均大于0.52,表明各县级单元的经济发展与粮食生产二者关系密切。耦合度为0.64~0.72的评价单元数量最多,其次为0.72~0.84,分布面积最少的为耦合度0.84的区域;耦合协调度空间分布整体呈现中南部与东北部较高,西部较低的规律。根据计算结果,将研究区划分为4种类型,其中,低水平耦合区面积最为广泛,其次为拮抗区与磨合区,协调区面积最小,表明榆林市为实现可持续发展需进一步协调经济发展与粮食生产二者之间的关系,促进其和谐统一发展。     

A preliminary analysis of incident investigation reports of an integrated steel plant: some reflection

Large integrated steel plants employ an effective safety management system and gather a significant amount of safety-related data. This research intends to explore and visualize the rich database to find out the key factors responsible for the occurrences of incidents. The study was carried out on the data in the form of investigation reports collected from a steel plant in India. The data were processed and analysed using some of the quality management tools like Pareto chart, control chart, Ishikawa diagram, etc. Analyses showed that causes of incidents differ depending on the activities performed in a department. For example, fire/explosion and process-related incidents are more common in the departments associated with coke-making and blast furnace. Similar kind of factors were obtained, and recommendations were provided for their mitigation. Finally, the limitations of the study were discussed, and the scope of the research works was identified.     

Assessment of the road safety performance of four roundabouts in Kumasi,Ghana

Upgrade of the Ejisu-Kumasi section of the N6 saw the construction of roundabouts at selected intersections. Their use appears challenging particularly for vehicles with elevated Centre-of-Gravity. The objective of this study was to establish the relative risk of traffic accident deaths or hospitalized injuries at the roundabouts. Five-year crash data covering a 100 m stretch upstream and downstream of the roundabouts were analysed. A total of 119 crashes occurred with 18% casualty hospitalization and 12%fatalities. Compared with the Ejisu roundabout, fatal or hospitalized injuries were significantly higher at the Boadi (OR = 25.6, p = 0.0021) and Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Police Station Junctions (OR = 48.2, p < 0.001). Occupants of buses, heavy goods vehicles and riders of two wheelers were at elevated risk of deaths or serious injuries. Crash severity at the round abouts was aggravated by night-time, steep gradients and adverse cambers. It is recommended that, signalization and grade separation should be used in the current arrangement where appropriate.     

Building subsidiary local responsiveness: (When) does the directionality of intrafirm knowledge transfers matter?

The present study focuses on effects of subsidiary internal knowledge-based activities—knowledge transfer and reverse knowledge transfer—and absorptive capacity on local responsiveness. We also examine whether absorptive capacity, shared values, and psychological safety, representing constituents of the motivation-opportunity-ability model of behavior, moderate relationships of subsidiary internal knowledge-based activities with responsiveness. Based on a sample of 173 Chinese subsidiaries, the results suggest knowledge transfer and absorptive capacity facilitate local responsiveness. Shared values moderates positively and absorptive capacity negatively, the relationship between knowledge transfer and responsiveness. Psychological safety strengthens the link between reverse knowledge transfer and local responsiveness.     

基于DAF的煤矿风险预警模型研究及应用

为降低煤矿事故率,改变传统煤矿风险预警模式,使用DAF(德尔菲法、层次分析法、模糊综合评价法)对煤矿安全生产状态进行评价。通过德尔菲法调查分析影响煤矿安全生产的指标因素,选取其中关键性的34项指标来构建预警指标体系,利用层次分析法计算各指标权重,结合模糊数学理论,运用模糊综合评价法进行综合评价,判断出煤矿的安全状态,建立煤矿风险预警模型,并结合实际案例验证其可行性。结果表明,通过模型的数值计算,可以直观判断煤矿的安全生产状态,达到提前预测预警,减少煤矿生产事故发生的目的。     

Effects of Motor Carriers’ Growth or Contraction on Safety: A Multiyear Panel Analysis

Motor carrier safety remains a highly relevant issue for supply chain managers and scholars because carriers’ safety affects supply chains as well as the welfare of the motoring public. This article enriches understanding regarding this topic by investigating how motor carriers’ growth or contraction since the start of the Compliance, Safety, and Accountability (CSA) program in 2010 affects their safety performance. Drawing on core principles from theories regarding internal adjustment costs from economics and nonscale free capabilities from management, we explain why carriers’ growth or contraction should differentially affect various safety metrics tracked by the CSA program. To test our theory, we assemble a multiyear panel data set for over 1,000 of the largest for‐hire motor carriers operating in the United States by melding together several different governmental data sources. We fit a series of multivariate seemingly unrelated regression models to test our hypothesized effects. Our results corroborate our theorized predictions and are robust to alternative model specifications. We conclude by detailing how this work contributes to extant theory, summarizing managerial and policy implications, highlighting limitations, and suggesting directions for further pursuit.     

Road safety perspectives among employees of a multinational corporation in urban India: local context for global injury prevention

In rapidly developing economies, like urban India, where road traffic injury rates are among the world's highest, the corporate workplace offers a non-traditional venue for road safety interventions. In partnership with a major multinational corporation (MNC) with a large Indian workforce, this study aimed to elicit local employee perspectives on road safety to inform a global corporate health platform. The safety attitudes and behaviours of 75 employees were collected through self-report survey and focus groups in the MNC offices in Bangalore and Pune. Analysis of these data uncovered incongruity between employee knowledge of safety strategies and their enacted safety behaviours and identified local preference for interventions and policy-level actions. The methods modelled by this study offer a straightforward approach for eliciting employee perspective for local road safety interventions that fit within a global strategy to improve employee health. Study findings suggest that MNCs can employ a range of strategies to improve the road traffic safety of their employees in settings like urban India including: implementing corporate traffic safety policy, making local infrastructure changes to improve road and traffic conditions, advocating for road safety with government partners and providing employees with education and access to safety equipment and safe transportation options.     

Are child passenger fatalities and child passenger severe injuries equally affected by child restraint legislation? The case of Chile

The objective of this study is to determine the contribution of Chile's 2005 child restraint legislation to the reduction of child passenger fatalities and severe injuries. We analysed motor vehicle injury and fatality data from Chile's National Road Safety Commission of the Ministry of Transport from 2000 to 2012 to determine the effect of Chile's 2005 mandatory child restraint legislation. Using interrupted time-series Poisson regression models, we assessed the effect of the law on two dependent variables: (1) number of child fatalities in car and (2) number of children severely injured. The independent variable was the 2005 enactment of Chile's mandatory child restraint legislation. Coefficients from the interrupted time-series Poisson regression models indicate that Chile's enactment of child restraint legislation in 2005 is significantly associated with a total of 35% reduction in child passenger severely injured but only three years after its enactment, and significant associations between this policy and child fatalities were less evident.     

GB2763-2005的食品安全漏洞研究

GB2763—2005《食品中农药最大残留限量》国家标准是判别食品安全的基础。研究农药最大残留限量国家标准本身是否存在安全漏洞,对化解食品安全风险具有十分重要的现实意义。文章利用农药最大残留限量（MRLs）、日允许摄入量（ADI）与被测食品每日最大理论摄入量（TDI）三者之间的数量关系,详细计算了GB2763—2005国家标准的126种农药439个残留指标的TDI值,并与消费者每日实际摄人量（RDI）进行了比较,发现35个残留指标的食品有不同比例消费者的RDI超过TDI,占GB2763—2005的478个指标的7．3％,表明我国现行农药最大残留限量国家标准存在较大的安全漏洞,建议政府尽快修订该标准,以消除食品安全管理隐患。