自然语言处理在我国社会科学领域应用的发展路径识别与构建研究

识别与构建自然语言处理在我国社会科学领域应用的发展路径有利于场景应用创新，对推动学科间深入融合与交叉发展具有重要意义。基于2010—2021年中国知网数据库CSSCI（中文社会科学引文索引）来源的期刊文献，利用CiteSpace软件并融合关键词阶段演进与中心度特征，开展自然语言处理技术在我国社科领域应用的发展路径识别研究，构建文本分类、机器翻译、情感分析、科学知识图谱4个研究方向发展路径。结果表明，文本分类、机器翻译、情感分析方向经历了由机器学习到深度学习、由独立模型到集成模型、由粗粒度任务到细粒度任务的演化进程，科学知识图谱方向的研究具有学科融合化、产业新兴性、政策理论化、方向创新性特点，但研究方法有待创新；自然语言处理与社会科学领域的持续融合与交叉，是其应用在我国社会科学领域持续发展的重要原因。     

基于文献计量和颠覆性潜力测度的颠覆性技术识别研究——以5G技术为例

颠覆性技术的识别对国家、产业和企业抓住战略发展机遇、形成创新竞争力具有重要意义。提出一种主客观、定性定量相结合的颠覆性技术识别框架,并以移动通信领域第5代移动通信技术（5G）为例进行实证。首先借助CiteSpace软件进行文献的可视化分析,梳理发现前沿技术研究热点。其次根据颠覆性技术的演化特征,从技术新颖性、融合性、突破性以及技术市场潜力4个维度构建技术颠覆性潜力测度指标,借助专利数据测度其颠覆性变革的潜力,并与同领域成熟度相对较高的技术进行对比,识别前沿技术的颠覆性潜力。结果表明,5G技术在移动通信领域具有较大的颠覆性潜力,验证了研究框架的科学性,为颠覆性技术的预测与识别提供了一种新思路。     

农村集体经济组织准成员制度的立法指向与规范构造 ——兼评《农村集体经济组织法（草案）》第16条

研究目的：探析农村集体经济组织准成员制度的应然目的，并厘清准成员的群体定位、认定规范与权利构造。研究方法：规范分析法。研究结果：准成员制度不是集体基本保障功能的延伸，而是服务乡村振兴战略的“人才引入”、助力农村地权制度科学化的功能制度。准成员群体定位不应如《农村集体经济组织法（草案）》第16条所局限，而宜以非集体成员中的产业农民与乡土成员群体为核心；其认定规范宜构造为逐级具象的多层次规范体系，且应设置准成员登记簿与权利附注规范。在准成员权利构造上，不仅应排除集体成员专属的土地权利，还应排除所有以集体地权为基础之收益的分配权；结合宅基地“三权分置”指引，宜赋予准成员有偿取得附期限与义务之新型宅基地使用权的资格。研究结论：创设准成员制度可使集体经济组织制度更加周延，但制度设计的科学性不足，立法应予完善。     

基于场景理论的历史文化街区文化价值识别——以苏州平江路为例

消费转向下场景文化价值具备集聚创意人群、促进空间转型发展的功能。识别历史文化街区场景文化价值有利于促进街区空间活力提升、推动城市更新发展。本研究基于场景理论，利用扎根理论研究手段，在实证研究苏州平江历史文化街区的基础上，构建适用于历史文化街区场景文化价值识别方法，研究结果显示：（1）平江历史文化街区场景领袖魅力突出、传统要素凸显，形成迷人的本土化体验性空间；（2）历史文化街区场景文化价值可通过合法性、戏剧性、真实性等3大维度的25个指标进行识别；（3）历史文化街区场景舒适物涵盖自然景观、有形文化和消费娱乐设施等3类，其与环境氛围分别构成场景的“形”与“韵”，经由感知/认知、消费、个人信息加工处理转换为“感”，即个体情感记忆，进而识别场景文化价值。研究通过场景文化价值识别过程丰富场景理论在历史文化街区这一特定空间的应用，也为平江历史文化街区衡量其场景特征与规划定位之间的差异程度提供参考。     

What makes the corporate social responsibility impact on Customer–Company identification stronger? A meta-analysis

Customer–company identification (CCI) has been highlighted as an important mechanism that explains the relationship between corporate social responsibility (CSR) and customer outcomes such as customer loyalty and word-of-mouth (WOM). However, findings on when and how this mechanism works are mixed. To uncover the viability and strength of CSR’s indirect effect on customer outcomes through CCI, we conduct a meta-analysis testing a moderated mediated framework. This analysis incorporates 237 independent effect sizes from 58,766 individuals and 86 papers to examine the indirect effect of CSR on customer loyalty and WOM through CCI, while simultaneously testing a range of substantive and control moderators. The results reveal that 1) CSR has a main effect on CCI, 2) CCI mediates the effect of CSR on customer loyalty and WOM, and 3) there are significant theoretical moderators that amplify and reduce CSR’s relationship with CCI. The paper’s year of publication and industry controversy (versus non-controversy) mitigate the relationship between CSR and CCI, while collectivism and a holistic focus augment it.     

News Shocks,Business Cycles,and the Disinflation Puzzle

We argue that key findings of the empirical literature on the effects of news about future technology—including their tendency to generate negative comovement of macro-economic aggregates, and their puzzling disinflationary nature—are due to measurement errors in total factor productivity (TFP). In this paper, we estimate the macro-economic effects of news shocks in the United States using an agnostic identification approach that is robust to measurement errors. We find no evidence of negative comovement conditional on a news shock, and the disinflation puzzle essentially vanishes under our identification strategy. Our results also indicate that news shocks have become an important driver of business-cycle fluctuations in recent years.     

应用深度学习的信号解调

针对噪声干扰信道下的信号解调问题，提出了应用深度学习的信号识别方法，通过识别信号完成信号解调。深层置信网络使用受限波尔兹曼机为基本单元，设计针对通信信号识别的多层深层置信网络。通信信号首先变换为特定表征序列，并以此构建完备的训练集合对深度置信网络进行逐层的无监督学习和全局有监督的微调反馈学习，在深层置信网络的权重参数优化过程中实现对通信信号的特征提取与识别。仿真实验表明，与传统调制信号解调方法相比，应用深度学习的信号解调方法的检测性能有约0.4 dB的提升。     

“I follow what you post!”: The role of social media influencers’ content characteristics in consumers' online brand-related activities (COBRAs)

The purpose of this research is to examine the underlying mechanisms through which social media influencers' (SMI) content characteristics (information, design, and technology quality and creativity) influence consumers' online brand-related activities (COBRAs) (consume, contribute, and create) through parasocial relationships and wishful identification. Grounded in the integration of the two-step flow theory, social influence theory, and power theory, a conceptual model is proposed and empirically tested using a sample of 263 social media users who had followed at least one social media influencer on social media. We analyzed the data using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) and necessary condition analysis (NCA). The results reveal that three of the four dimensions of SMI's content characteristics, namely design quality, technology quality, and creativity are significant predictors of parasocial relationships. Design quality and creativity are significant predictors of wishful identification. Parasocial relationships and wishful identification are also identified as significant predictors of COBRAs. The results of NCA analysis also identify the proposed content characteristics as necessary factors required to foster COBRAs. This study offers valuable insights into how social media influencers can position themselves to be more effective in promoting brands and products through the curation of their social media content.     

劳动力成本上升会倒逼制造业企业服务化转型吗?——异质性讨论与动机识别

本文基于2009—2019年中国A股制造业上市公司数据,测算了制造业企业服务化水平,实证分析发现:劳动力成本上升显著促进了制造业企业服务化转型。异质性讨论表明:高生产率、低融资约束和规模较大的制造业企业在应对劳动力成本上升时,服务化转型的意愿更大。动机识别检验表明:劳动力成本上升会弱化制造业企业市场势力,服务化转型对企业市场势力具有重塑效应;服务化与技术创新均是制造业企业应对劳动力成本上升的转型路径,二者间存在替代性。最后提出政策启示:促进人力资本深化,驱动劳动力数量优势向质量优势转型,是弥补劳动力成本上升短板的关键;利用新技术形态创造的新契机,是助力服务化转型迈向高级化和现代化的重要机遇;同时,应谨防制造业企业服务化转型过程中虚拟化和空心化趋势。     

Who do you think you are? Individual stakeholder identification and mobility at the Internet Governance Forum

In order for the Internet Governance ecosystem to work effectively, it requires a variety of expertise and advice from different sectors and backgrounds. Drawing on the public Internet Governance Forum (IGF) participation lists from 2006 to 2019, this paper analyses how individual participants chose to identify themselves in the given frameworks applied across the IGFs, and how they ‘travel’ through the Internet Governance ecosystem over successive fora. Identifying 18,968 unique IGF participants from 2006 to 2019, representing 7326 unique organisations, this paper thus provides an unprecedented level of detail as to who is present in multistakeholder discussions. It sets the scene for a more reflective discussion on the inclusivity and effectiveness of the multistakeholder model pursued at the IGF and engages with literature in the field of stakeholder mobility and stakeholder interests, opening up potential for further research on the legitimacy of multistakeholderism.