城市公共服务设施空间分布分异调查——以广州市为例

社会经济体制综合转型以来,市场机制逐步取代行政命令成为我国城市公共服务设施配置的主体方式,其空间分布形态也由空间均衡趋向社会分异。以广州市为例,基于3954份有效问卷和城市公共服务设施专项调查数据,对城市公共服务设施的空间分布进行了社会生态学分析。研究结果表明,广州城市公共服务设施空间分布的社会分异特征显著,中心城区116个街镇单元可以划分为6个类型,不同阶层社会群体居住单元的公共服务设施配套及可达性存在显著差异;受旧城区社会经济持续繁荣及历史沉积效应影响,社区地位与城市公共服务设施供给及可达性之间呈非完全一致性,体现出类似西方国家城市公共资源配置过程中的"城市生态法则"的作用特征。     

企业实施产品差异化战略分析

在当今市场中,产品趋同化现象日益严重,这使企业的盈利能力越来越低。要想改变企业的这种局面,实施产品差异化战略是一个重要的途径。本文首先阐述了产品差异化的概念及类别,在分析产品差异化的作用之后,结合实际论述了企业如何实现产品差异化。     

SLA框架下生计资本影响山区农户分化的机理与实证研究以广西山区农户为例

目的 基于可持续生计分析（SLA）框架,对生计资本影响山区农户分化进行深入研究,为职业分化背景下促进农户多渠道创收以及实现山区乡村振兴提供参考。方法 文章运用比较分析法、多值选择模型,以广西山区的540家农户为研究对象,探讨农户职业分化的影响因素。结果 研究结果表明,社会资本有助于纯农户与非农农户向以农为主的兼业农户分化;自然资本丰裕更能吸引农户向纯农户或以农为主的兼业分化;增加金融资本有助于兼业农户专注于农业生产,也促使非农经营主体投身于农业经营;物质资本影响农户向纯农户或以非农为主的兼业农户转变;拥有自身务工经历的农民更易于选择以农为主的兼业形态,对农民进行农业技术培训因提升其农业生产经营能力从而有助于他们投身于农业生产;生计资本影响农户分化的程度因距离中心市场的远近而存在差异。结论 生计资本影响农户向不同类型的职业进行分化,应从鼓励农户兼业化实现收入多元化以及鼓励乡村精英返乡创业的视角,适应不同类型农户分化需要,为调整农户生计资本,维持生计可持续性提供必要的决策支持和政策保障。     

The Dynamics of Commoditization in a Vietnamese Uplands Village, 1980–2000

Commodity markets have become key forces transforming upland livelihoods, social relations and landscapes in Vietnam and throughout Southeast Asia. This paper examines the processes of market formation and their effects on local livelihoods and social relations in a village of Vietnam's north-western uplands. The results indicate that villagers' reactions to new opportunities arising from decollectivization and market liberalization wove them into an increasingly intricate 'commodity web'. Differences among households widened as households with an initial advantage accumulated further advantages. Yet the relations governing access to land and product markets also provided a floor of subsistence for the disadvantaged. The findings demonstrate the need to interrogate commodity markets, investigate the practices and relations constituting them, and analyse how they distribute income and risks among the actors involved. The nature of commodity markets, together with the relations governing access to productive resources, influences processes of social differentiation in the uplands.     

Rural tourism and gendered nuances

Research findings on rural residents’ attitudes towards tourism are often contradictory, in part due to a lack of data examining the often divergent perspectives of particular subgroups. Regional survey data from the Intermountain Western United States is used to provide an improved understanding of rural tourism attitudes as they are linked to community involvement and changes, while also exploring both intragender and intergender differences. Group differences in levels of community involvement, perceptions of tourism and various other issues are observed. While differences emerge, there is also widespread agreement on the importance of preserving local culture and the opposition to sale of agricultural land for development.     

语义预设与规约隐涵

语义预设有典型语义预设和非典型语义预设之分。“规约隐涵”,本质上是一个语义学概念,是无须借助语境参数就可直接从语句中析出的那些非真值条件意义。它可分为普通规约隐涵和特殊规约隐涵。普通规约隐涵又可分为级差隐涵和非级差隐涵。语义预设与规约隐涵具有交叉关系;特殊规约隐涵与非典型语义预设具有属种关系,与典型语义预设具有交叉关系;典型语义预设与规约隐涵具有交叉关系,与普通规约隐涵具有对立关系。厘清语义预设和规约隐涵的概念及其相互关系,对于丰富和充实语用学、语义学的理论内涵,对于纠正目前存在的种种相关谬误,具有极其重要的意义。     

The influence of corporate character on customers and employees: Exploring similarities and differences

Should the same corporate brand imagery appeal to both internal and external stakeholders? The authors explored similarities and differences in how the dimensions of corporate character affect the satisfaction and perceived differentiation of customers and employees of two successful retail organizations. Using multigroup structural equation modeling of survey data (N=1,252), the authors found significant differences on two dimensions: enterprise and competence. Enterprise (e.g., imaginative, innovative) was positively associated with customer satisfaction, had no significant impact on employee satisfaction, and was negatively associated with employee perceived differentiation. Competence (reliable, leading) was positively associated with employee perceived differentiation but had no impact on customer perceived differentiation. The influence of chic (stylish, prestigious) was similar for both customer and employee satisfaction and differentiation. This analysis shows how certain dimensions of corporate character can be usefully promoted to both customers and employees, while other dimensions would benefit from a stakeholder-specific approach.     

莱商银行差异化经营案例

我国二元的信贷市场结构,决定了中小银行定位于中小企业很大程度上是一种被动选择。中小企业总体风险天然大于大型企业,中小银行如何实现中小企业的市场定位、持续良性的业务发展、行之有效的风险防控三者之间的有效契合,有必要进行研究探讨。莱商银行作为一家中小城市商业银行,经过多年摸索,逐步实现了被动选择基础上的主动适应和积极作为,走出了一条适合中小银行自身特点的、与国有商业银行和全国性股份制商业银行进行差异化竞争的发展路径,被业界称为"莱商现象"。本文以莱商银行为例,对其成长过程进行还原、再现和剖析,以期对中小银行的业务拓展和风险防控有所裨益。     

中小商业银行个人网上银行差异化战略分析

信息技术和网络技术的蓬勃发展给金融业带来了巨大的变革,网上银行是金融信息化高级阶段的产物,它已经成为世界各国银行业发展的必然选择。文章立足中小商业银行的角度,探讨其发展个人网上银行业务的战略意义、实施差异化战略的必然选择及差异化战略的具体实施策略,以期为中小商业银行发展个人网上银行业务提供理论参考。     

垂直差异化与合谋稳定性关系分析

市场行为中的默契合谋能使企业获得超额利润,现存的关于生产同质品和差异化产品的经验性研究经常能发现默契合谋的证据.在现实经济的默契合谋行为中,不同的成本结构适用于不同的经济环境或者不同的行业、产业分析,也直接影响着合谋和背离合谋所得的利润,对合谋稳定性有着重要的影响.在垂直差异化的不同成本(固定成本、可变成本)结构下,企业参与竞争的不同竞争类型(古诺竞争和伯川德竞争)对合谋稳定性的影响也是有差异的.