自然灾害频发环境下的湖北农业保险发展研究

湖北农业保险自2007年中央财政介入后发展迅速,已初步建成保险产品、经营主体和经营模式＂三位一体＂的供给体系,业务规模增长迅速,补偿效果明显改善。但快速增加的农业保险供给仍然难以满足农业自然灾害风险转移需求,体现出数量性矛盾、结构性矛盾和可持续性矛盾。需要采取明确经营方式、扩大试点品种、完善巨灾风险分散机制以及防范道德风险和逆向选择等措施,缓解湖北农业保险供求矛盾,推动湖北农业保险发展。     

反补贴政策实施中补贴幅度确定的决策方法及其实证研究

随着我国对外贸易的迅速发展,贸易摩擦已经由企业的微观层面向政府政策的宏观层面发展,反补贴已经成为国际贸易摩擦的新热点。补贴幅度确定是反补贴政策实施的关键和难点问题。文章基于系统思维,运用管理决策、计量经济等理论与方法,提出了补贴幅度确定的IEC间接弹性系数法,并选取中、美2006年铜版纸案件进行了实证研究并得出相应结论。     

金融机构在水库移民直补资金中的金融功能探讨——以江西省黎川县为例

以水库移民直补资金为切入点,描述了当前金融机构在直补资金发放中承担的支付媒介功能,分析了在直补资金发放中金融机构的金融功能受制因素。借助案例得出以下结论:信用贷款存在有效需求,金融机构应为有融资需求且享受直补资金的移民提供融资服务;直补资金转为小额贷款模式能够发挥金融机构的金融功能,提高直补资金的使用效益。     

中国农产品补贴的经济效应分析

面对我国小农生产和农产品市场发育不足的现实,借鉴国外经验,遵守WTO规则,调整我国农产品补贴政策,构建新型农产品补贴体系势在必行。本文主要借用经济学的分析工具,对补贴产生的经济效果进行分析和对比,提出应建立以直接补贴为主,价格补贴为辅的农产品补贴体系。     

参与精准扶贫对上市公司企业绩效影响的门槛效应研究

选取国内沪深A股主板市场于2016—2019年连续完整披露参与精准扶贫信息的360家上市公司为研究样本,证实检验企业参与精准扶贫影响企业绩效过程中的门槛效应。结果表明：企业规模的门槛估计值为1245.69亿元,规模在此门槛值以下的企业参与精准扶贫给财务绩效带来的正向影响程度不如门槛值以上的企业;扶贫规模的门槛估计值分别为0.2965亿元及2.3419亿元,门槛值以下企业参与精准扶贫给企业带来的正向效应十分明显,每超过一个门槛值正向效应就会急剧减小。     

我国农业保险发展中存在的问题及对策

农业是国民经济的基础,在整个国民经济中具有特别重要的战略地位,而农业又是一个弱质产业。通过农业保险可以稳定农业收入,促进农业产业化,均衡国民收入再分配,确保农业资金、技术,人才的投入,促使农业再生产的顺利进行,确保国民经济持续、快速、健康的发展。农业保险在稳定农业生产和促进农民增收方面发挥着重要作用。文章在肯定我国农业保险取得的成绩的同时,分析了我国农业保险发展中存在的问题,提出了促进我国农业保险发展的对策。     

美国农业补贴体系的构建与借鉴

本文结合美国农业新政的发展动向,详细分析了美国农业补贴政策体系的内容。我国应借鉴美国的成功经验,适时调整农业补贴方式的制度设计和补贴结构。     

The Benefit of Frequent Corporate Philanthropy

Applying behavioural economic theory, we argue that the frequency of philanthropic activity is important in determining corporate philanthropy's economic outcome. Using Chinese data from 2003 to 2016, we find that firms with more frequent philanthropic activities obtain more government subsidies than firms that only engage in one-off charitable donations. Firms with better corporate governance, such as higher management ownership and more independent directors, are more likely to adopt a strategy of frequent donation. Furthermore, firms are more likely to be frequent donors when management or local government officers have a long tenure. Our findings provide insight into the giving process and suggest that firms can maximize the benefit of corporate philanthropy if they strategically consider the donation frequency and donation amount simultaneously.     

Environmental regulations in private and mixed duopolies: Taxes on emissions versus green R&D subsidies

In this article, we compare two kinds of environmental regulations—emissions taxes and green R&D subsidies—in private and mixed-duopoly markets in the presence of R&D spillovers. We show that a green R&D subsidy is better (worse) than an emissions tax when the green R&D is efficient (inefficient), irrespective of R&D spillovers, whereas the existence of a publicly owned firm encourages the government to adopt a subsidy policy. We also show that the optimal policy choice depends on R&D efficiency and spillovers. In particular, when green R&D is inefficient and the spillover rate is low (high), the government should choose an emissions tax and (not) privatize the state-owned firm. When green R&D is efficient, however, an R&D subsidy is better, but a privatization policy is not desirable for society, irrespective of spillovers.     

Bidding for Firms with Unknown Characteristics

When a region successfully attracts a firm by offering subsidies, the firm often commits itself to performance targets in terms of employment. In this paper, we interpret these firm‐specific targets as a consequence of incomplete information. We analyze a model of two regions that compete for a firm, assuming that the firm's productivity is ex ante unknown. We show that performance targets often induce overemployment in high‐productivity firms, and that tax credits are often superior to lump‐sum payments. Moreover, when regions differ in wage rates, the low‐wage region wins the bid and has a higher surplus than under complete information. Finally, we show that, under incomplete information, bidding might not lead to efficient firm location.