社会网络视角下家族企业外部资源的获取

传统家族企业把发展重点放在企业内部资源上，对外部资源获取重视程度不够。通过家族企业领导人社会网络的构建和延伸，社会资本的开发和使用，拓展网络的可达性，提高家族企业聚集、使用资源的能力，增强家族企业的市场竞争力。     

高职院校商务英语专业实训探讨——以武汉商业服务学院为例

商务英语专业实训对商务英语人才的培养起着决定性作用。本文通过分析我院商务英语专业实训工作尚存在的诸多问题,阐述了只有根据武汉地区的战略发展要求,确定有针对性的人才培养目标,秉承宽专业、活岗位的理念,多途径、全方位地开展校内实训,同时积极开发校外实训基地,我校商务英语专业的实训工作才能落到实处,在此基础上培养的商务英语人才才能真正为区域经济服务。     

孟子民本经济观探析

孟子秉持着“民贵君轻”、“民事不可缓”的民本情怀，提出了“薄税敛”以“藏富于民”的富民经济理想。正是基于这种富民经济理想，孟子因而在施政次第上首倡“制民恒产”的土地经济政策，提出了使民“养生丧死无憾，王道之始”的养民经济观；其次，在商业经济领域，孟子又提出了“互通有无”的“自由贸易”的惠民经济观。     

Using Signals to Initiate Importer-Exporter Relationships: Evidence from Vietnamese Importers

ABSTRACT

Purpose: Realizing the existence of information asymmetry in export markets and the use of signals to distinguish high-qualified sellers from low-qualified sellers, this study investigates the effects of signal consistency and signal clarity on exporter credibility, and subsequently, importer relationship intention.

Methodology: Using a survey data set collected from a systematic sample of 418 Vietnamese importers, the authors tested a model hypothesizing the impact of signal consistency and signal clarity on exporter credibility, and subsequently, on importer relationship intention.

Findings: The authors found that signal consistency and clarity have a positive impact on exporter credibility. Signal consistency also enhances the level of signal clarity. They also found that exporter credibility underlies importer relationship intension.

Research Implications: Under the condition of information asymmetry, importers face difficulties in identifying and evaluating the best supplier among available suppliers in order to make the most appropriate selection decision. The findings confirm that signal clarity and consistency can help exporters to overcome such problems. Exporters should ensure that all signals sent to importers are clear and consistent over time to encourage importers to build long-term business relationships with them.

Contributions: The findings of this study add to the literature on signaling in exporter–importer relationships and can serve as an initiation for further research in the area in transitioning economies.     

Marketing Meal Solutions

Abstract

To regain sales lost to restaurants, many supermarkets developed meal solution programs. Inadequate marketing planning and execution contributed to the disappointing performance of many of these prepared food initiatives. Trends suggest that prepared food will continue to be a growth area and more restaurants are providing takeout and delivery services. By following sound marketing principles, supermarkets may be able to compete with both existing and emerging food-service meal solution concepts.     

Customer Involvement in Product Development: An Industrial Network Perspective

Purpose: In business markets, working with customers and users has become increasingly important to get knowledge about customer needs and to develop new products. The purpose of this article is twofold: (1) to develop a framework for analyzing customer involvement in product development in a business market context, and (2) to apply this framework to a particular company to describe and analyze how it practices customer involvement.

Methodology/approach: The article takes its main theoretical starting point in the industrial network approach, but also uses other literature from the innovation and product development field. The empirical study applies a qualitative case study approach and focuses on one company in the truck business.

Findings: The suggested framework deals with four key aspects of customer involvement: Why, when, how, and who. The observed pattern of the truck manufacturer shows how dealers, hauliers, and truck drivers are all part of the overall understanding of the customer. These actors are involved for different, typically very clear, purposes at different points in time through surveys, product clinics, and field testing. The pattern, referred to as mixed facilitative, is not one of close collaboration with individual customers, but one of broad involvement of several customers through business intelligence and direct involvement.

Research implications: First, the article provides researchers with a framework and method for studying customer involvement in product development. Second, the case study provides an illustrative example of the customer involvement pattern pursued by a leading company in a major industry. This enhances the understanding of the focal phenomenon, leads to managerial implications, and gives ideas for future research.

Practical implications: There are several managerial implications related to the why, when, how, and who questions. For example, it is pointed out that managers should consider involving customers more extensively than what seems to be common today—for example, by using customers as codevelopers, working with them throughout the entire development process (i.e., not only early and late), and including different types of users (with different requirements and wishes).

Originality/value/contribution of the article: The contribution lies in the development of a framework centered on the four key questions of customer involvement in

product development and using this framework for observing a pattern, and finding explanations and relating this pattern to how other firms are doing.     

礼仪模特培训中五元智能理论应用与探索——以黑龙江大学国际商务社交礼仪课程为视角

礼仪模特代表着国家或一个城市的形象。“腹有诗书气自华”，礼仪模特能够有效地展现内在的个人修养、风度和个性魅力，体现着对社会的融入和认知程度、价值观、审美、教养、自重自尊等。它是艺术美学、伦理学的分支，同时也是表演学、戏剧理论、行为学、人类学、沟通心理学、演讲学、社会学等学科的交叉，是一门理论性与实践性较强的方法性学科。黑龙江大学在运用“学导式”教学法的基础上，提出的五元智能理论培养模式已经成为独具黑龙江大学学生特色的、适合哈尔滨礼仪模特课程特点、教学风格的、基于全球化语境下礼仪模特教学中的学导式教学模式，为实施“哈尔滨模特美丽时尚产业名城”奠定了坚实基础。     

创业决策研究观点分析与发展趋势展望

随着全球创业活动日益活跃,创业研究已经成为管理学界发展较快的研究领域之一,其中创业决策逐渐发展为一个重要的研究方面,成为学者们探索创业行为规律的新视角。本文通过对国内外学者关于创业决策研究文献的梳理,总结出创业机会——机会识别——创业决策研究路径、风险感知——风险倾向——创业决策研究路径、创业环境——机会认知——创业决策研究路径、环境不确定——效果推理——创业决策等关于创业决策不同的研究路径,同时对现有研究成果进行了述评,指出了其中存在的问题,并进一步阐述了创业决策研究未来的研究方向。     

关于法治建设表层化问题研究

中国法治建设进程中存在着法治建设表层化问题,表现为注重外部形式的法律条文和制度建设,轻视法治理念建设,这阻碍了法治建设的实质进展,笔者从文化、经济、政治三角度分析了法治建设表层化的原因,进而提出了克服法治建设表层化的具体途径。     

U. S. winter migrants' park community attributes: An importance–performance analysis

North American seasonal migrants, who are usually retired, typically live in recreational vehicle/mobile home park communities in the southern U. S. during the winter months. This study examines the importance of specific park characteristics in the park selection process and uses the case of winter migrants in south Texas to demonstrate how parks may use a modified approach of importance–performance analysis and the promoter–detractor methodology to assess how well the parks perform on selected attributes. The analysis of survey responses from 1429 winter Texans categorized attributes based on the attributes' impact range and asymmetrical impact on park recommendation likelihood. Overall, seasonal migrants based their choice of location for their winter home largely on physical appearance (e.g., cleanliness) and affect (i.e., friendliness and caring management). Wireless Internet access and low rates were also of high importance. But park recommendation likelihood varies depending on the migrants' satisfaction with important attributes' performance.