南水北调中线工程几点思考

本文从四个方面对南水北调中线工程进行了思考:①进行费用效益分析可以使决策更加科学化;②将水资源本身价值纳入经济分析之中实属必要;③需水区节水与调水投资效益比较十分重要;④选择合适的调水时间.对南水北调中线工程决策具有参考价值.     

北京饮用水源保护的实践与思考

密云、怀柔水库是北京城市、生活用水的重要水源，饮用水源保护是北京市城市总体建设的重要组成部分，本文通过分析饮用水源保护区的自然、地理、经济条件，回顾总结过去实施饮用水源保护的有效措施，提出了面向21世纪，加大饮用水源保护的具体措施和重点。     

浓缩法处理凉亭山水厂排泥水的研究

黄石市凉亭山水厂生产能力为24万m^3／d，在生产过程中，产生了大量的排泥水。对用浓缩法处理排泥水进行了深入研究，具体包括污泥总量的估算，工艺流程的确定及主要设施的构造设计等。浓缩后的排泥水含固率大于3％，上清液SS小于150mg／L。     

新型无机高分子混凝剂聚硅硫酸铝的混凝性能

作者对新型无机高分子混凝剂聚硅硫酸铝(PASS)制备的工艺条件进行了研究，制备出性能稳定，效果良好的产品。用该产品对不同水质进行混凝试验，结果表明PASS有良好的混凝效果和广泛的适用范围。     

Inter-basin water transfers under uncertainty: Storage capacity and optimal guaranteed deliveries

This paper deals with water transfers between jurisdictions not claiming riparian rights to the same water source, and taking place through straightforward sales. Taking into account the uncertain nature of water surpluses, we investigate, within a partial equilibrium framework, the implications of a third party's provision of storing facilities upon the potential supplier's decision whether, and to what extent, it is worthwhile to guarantee a constant amount of water exports. The analysis suggests that there exists a minimum storage capacity below which the potential supplier will never find it profitable to divert a constant amount of water outside his boundaries; the greater the uncertainty about future surpluses and/or internal costs due to even occasional water shortages resulting from the water export commitment, the higher the required minimum storage capacity will be. Above this minimum, an increase in the capacity would be better for the surplus agent, but in a situation in which water surplus is expected to decrease over time, increases in storage capacity would make him willing to guarantee a smaller amount of water deliveries.This work has been carried out under the auspices of the European Science Foundation's research program Sharing fresh water resources in the Mediterranean region: An economic perspective. Previous versions have been presented at ESF workshops held at the Universities of Haifa, Padova and Crete. Financial support from MURST (funds 40% — 1992) is gratefully acknowledged. We wish to thank Nunzio Cappuccio, Haluk Akdogan, Karl Mäler, Mordechai Shechter, Naomi Zeitouni, and two anonimous referees for helpful comments. The usual disclaimer applies.     

间歇式自动冲洗水箱的原理和应用

现有公用卫生间的冲洗水箱种类虽多 ,但都存在共同的缺陷 ,结构复杂 ,易损坏 ,使用成本高 ,一旦损坏 ,随即影响到公用卫生间的环境卫生。为此设计出一种利用虹吸原理的间歇式自动冲洗水箱 ,不需人为控制 ,不需动力 ,能达到自动冲洗便坑的效果。整个结构中没有活动零件 ,也就没有易损件 ,最大的特点是不易损坏 ,从某种意义上讲 ,可以说永不损坏。安装方法、使用效果和其他形式一样 ,只有几个零件组成 ,结构比其他类型的自动冲洗水箱简单 ,应用虹吸原理可靠 ,可全为塑料制品 ,生产成本低于同类产品 ,宜于推广应用     

以招标优选电厂水处理系统方案的方法

以山东滨化集团热力公司二期项目锅炉补给水二期2x100t／h反渗透扩建工程为背景,结合锅炉补给水处理的主要工艺方案特征,基于招标博弈为前提,分析了电厂水处理系统方案优化的新途径。     

新形势下加强水利工程项目管理

针对目前水利工程项目的特点和管理状况，探讨了如何通过发展项目管理公司实现水利工程项目的专业管理，加强水利工程项目管理信息化和项目风险管理，来确保新形势下水利工程项目目标的实现。     

磁防垢除垢技术研究与应用新进展

回顾了磁防垢除垢技术的发展历程，介绍了磁防垢除垢技术的作用效果和应用情况，分析了磁防垢除垢技术研究现状和存在的问题，跟踪报道了磁防垢除垢技术研究的新进展。     

Communicating risk for issues that involve ‘uncertainty bias’: what can the Israeli case of water fluoridation teach us?

Water fluoridation is a controversial issue in public health. Despite the uncertainty regarding its efficacy and safety, health officials continue to communicate it as ‘unequivocally’ safe and effective. Our focus is on how health officials and policy-makers in Israel frame the issue of water fluoridation in terms of certainty while promoting a mandatory fluoridation policy. According to van Asselt and Vos, the uncertainty paradox describes situations in which uncertainty is acknowledged, but the role of science is framed as providing certainty. Our study is an analysis of documents and media articles emphasizing the paradoxical language used by official representatives on the controversial topic of fluoridation. A central contribution of this study is that we coin the term ‘uncertainty bias,’ in which policy-makers do exactly what they accuse laypeople of doing, framing uncertainty in biased terms. We found that in order to establish mandatory regulation, health ministry officials expressed information in an unbalanced format, promoting the topic of fluoridation by framing it in exclusively positive terms. This study does not focus on the practice of water fluoridation per se, and is not intended to decide for or against it, but rather, to explore how the debate regarding it is communicated. Understanding this particular case can shed light on how other controversial topics are transformed into health policy that is characterized in equivocal terms.