Dependent relationships between Chinese commodity markets and the international financial market: Evidence from quantile time-frequency analysis

In this article, the quantile time–frequency method is utilized to study the dependence of Chinese commodities on the international financial market. The impacts of risk management and diversification benefits of different portfolios are examined by calculating the reduction in downside risk. Moreover, we estimate and compare Sharpe Ratios (SRs) and Generalized Sharpe Ratios (GSRs) based on the frequencies of the investigated portfolios. Our empirical results reveal a strong asymmetric response from Chinese commodity markets. Specifically, we find that gold is a safe-haven asset, and due to negative correlations found at lower quantiles in medium and long term, an increase in the USD index damages bull commodity markets but boosts bear conditions under long-term investments, and negative (positive) tail correlations with interest rates (IRs) in bull (bear) markets are observed. It is proven that WTI can decrease short-run risks while USD and GOLD are more efficient in the diversification of downside risk. Adding international commodities may not improve the returns of Chinese commodities at given risk levels in the short and medium term through SRs and GSRs. In brief, investors should consider these dependence structures and modes of risk management in terms of time and frequency.     

Relationship between oil,stock prices and exchange rates: A vine copula based GARCH method

In this paper, we apply a vine copula approach to investigate the dynamic relationship between energy, stock and currency markets. Dependence modeling using vine copulas offers a greater flexibility and permits the modeling of complex dependency patterns for high-dimensional distributions. Using a sample of more than 10 years of daily return observations of the WTI crude oil, the Dow Jones Industrial average stock index and the trade weighted US dollar index returns, we find evidence of a significant and symmetric relationship between these variables. Considering different sample periods show that the dynamic of the relationship between returns is not constant over time. Our results indicate also that the dependence structure is highly affected by the financial crisis and Great Recession, over 2007–2009. Finally, there is evidence to suggest that the application of the vine copula model improves the accuracy of VaR estimates, compared to traditional approaches.     

中国A、B、H股间市场一体化进程研究——基于SKEWED-T-GJR-COPULA方法的实证检验

本文通过构建动态Copula方法,以相依性作为股市间一体化整合指标,考察了1994年至2009年A、B、H股间的一体化进程,发现A股间的一体化基本达到完全整合,两B股间也达到了很高的水平,这两组市场的整合主要在1995年到1997年完成的。A股与B股间一体化程度也较高,其中亚洲金融危机和2001年2月B股改革推动了两市场的整合。而A、B股与H股间的一体化程度相对较低,它们间的整合开始较晚但仍在进行,其中股权分置改革和QDII的实施具有较大的推动作用。另外,中国金融市场如汇率、银行等的改革可能也提高了A、B股与H股的整合速度。     

Criteria for the Stochastic Ordering of Random Sums,with Actuarial Applications

It is shown that vectors ( S M 1 , … , S Mn ) and ( S' M'1 , …, S' M'n ) of random sums of positive random variables are stochastically ordered by upper orthant dependence, lower orthant dependence, concordance or by the supermodular ordering whenever their corresponding random numbers of terms ( M 1 , … , M n ) and ( M' 1 , … , M' n ) are themselves ordered in this fashion. Actuarial applications of these results are given to different dependence structures for the collective risk model with several classes of business.     

The Capitalization of Public Services and Amenities into Land Prices — Empirical Evidence from German Communities

Applying the hedonic approach to land prices, this article investigates the capitalization of public services and pure amenities in a cross section of German communities. Possible spillover effects from neighboring municipalities are explicitly included in the analysis and prove to be of considerable importance. Estimates of the impacts of local attributes on land prices are obtained taking into account the spatial structure among unobserved variables. The results confirm that differences in land prices are largely attributable to local conditions and policies. This implies a significant degree of mobility as well as high estimation of local attributes on the part of German households.     

Perceptual difference of dependence and its impact on conflict in marketing channels in China: An empirical study with two-sided data

Although many firms have adopted the relational exchange or relationship marketing philosophy for developing long-term inter-firm relationships in marketing channels, the issues pertaining to channel conflict still deserve further investigation. The purpose of this paper is to examine the possible impact of perceptual difference of dependence between members in channel dyads on perceived channel conflict. By analyzing paired data collected from both sides of supplier-retailer dyads in China, we test two hypotheses about perceptual difference of dependence and its impact on conflict. We found that there was considerable perceptual difference of dependence between both sides of the dyads, and that the perceptual difference of dependence asymmetry between the two was positively associated with channel conflict perceived by the supplier side. Both researchers and practitioners should be aware of such differences when confronted with channel conflict issues, especially in international channel settings.     

我国固定资产投资的投入产出分析

产业投资经济效果是经济增长质量的标志,提高产业投资的经济效果是可持续发展的客观要求,也是提高资源利用效率的客观要求。本文利用投入产出模型分析了我国产业投资的经济效果的现状并提出相应的对策建议,为宏观管理部门提供决策参考。     

新疆棉花产业可持续发展的困境——以家庭为单位的经济学研究

棉花种植业在新疆区域经济发展中居于重要地位。日益突出的棉花种植、采收中的污染问题,水资源短缺与病虫害问题,棉花生产成本的上升、棉花收购价格风险的存在,以及棉花种植中形成的路径依赖,使新疆棉花生产的可持续发展面临严峻挑战。本文通过对2002年以来农户家庭棉花种植成本与收益变动趋势的分析,提出应加大棉花生产补贴力度,保证国家棉花生产安全;以生态农业生产促进新疆棉花产业的可持续发展。     

我国商业融资性担保行业特性研究

我国融资性担保行业在为中小企业融资中起到了很好的作用,但是在运营中担保行业普遍存在一些特性却限制了担保行业的规范发展。怎样弥补由于这些特性带来的担保行业运营中的问题,需要政府对担保行业给与各种政策方面的支持。     

基于贸易国内增加值视角的中国外贸依存度研究

在国际分工和全球生产价值链深化背景下,按贸易国内增加值来核算贸易额必将成为贸易新统计标准。为此,本文从贸易国内增加值视角,利用WIOT数据库提供的单区域（进口）非竞争型投入产出表,提出基于出口贸易国内增加值的外贸依存度测算方法。结果表明：样本期间内,中国外贸依存度总体上呈迅速上升趋势,其计算结果高于沈氏公式的测算结果,低于传统公式测算的结果;中国具有出口优势的产业逐渐由劳动密集型产业转向资本密集型产业。加入WTO之前,中国外贸依存度仅高于美国、日本、巴西、土耳其和印度,与澳大利亚、法国和墨西哥相近,处于适中水平;加入WTO之后,中国大陆外贸依存度持续攀升,至2008年仅低于中国台湾,2009年虽下降,但仅低于中国台湾、韩国、欧盟和德国。进一步观察发现,在整个样本期间内,中国大陆劳动密集型产业和金属冶炼及压延加工业的外贸依存度有所下降,而电气与光学设备制造业外贸依存度呈上升趋势,至2009年,仅低于中国台湾与墨西哥。