《邮政法》修订后对出入境检验检疫部门影响的探讨

通过认真分析《中化人民共和国邮政法》与现行检验检疫法规规章及规范性文件之间的区别与联系,提出了该法施行后对检验检疫部门影响较大的两个方面。也希望在今后重新修订《邮政法实施条例》时检验检疫部门能够提请国务院法制办对其中的立法缝隙予以细化并做出必要的立法填充,使其可以与检验检疫部门的法规规章做到有机衔接。     

LONG‐RUN DETERMINANTS OF SAVINGS RATES IN WAEMU COUNTRIES: AN EMPIRICAL ASSESSMENT FROM ARDL BOUNDS TESTING APPROACH

In this paper, we examine the long‐run determinants of savings rates for seven member countries of the West African Economic and Monetary Union over the period 1970–2006. We use the bounds testing approach to cointegration developed by Pesaran et al. This methodology has several advantages with respect to other cointegration tests. The long‐run determinants of savings rate vary across countries. Results reveal that the financial liberalization process undertaken at the end of 1989 and the existing monetary policy have not been effective to increase the domestic savings rates within the area.     

Which consumers are ready for consumer-directed health plans?

Consumer Directed Health Plans (CDHPs) are new and increasingly popular insurance products in the United States that aim to increase consumer involvement in health care decision-making. Using quantitative and qualitative methods, we examine characteristics of employees in a large firm that voluntarily enroll in CDHPs. We find salaried and hourly high deductible CDHP enrollees to be substantially healthier and have higher educational attainment than Preferred Provider Organizations (PPO) enrollees. There was less favorable selection into a more popular, lower deductible CDHP.     

A re-examination of the savings displacement hypothesis

This paper re-examines the savings displacement hypothesis. It uses a new dataset that disaggregates aid into project aid, financial programme aid, technical assistance grants and programme food aid. When considering the whole sample of 97 countries, results obtained from estimating a savings function using the GMM-System approach to dynamic panel suggest that project aid flows are the only type of aid exerting a negative effect on domestic savings. The results also show that the effects of the different categories of aid on domestic savings vary across regions, thus highlighting the importance of regional disaggregation in cross-country studies. The author would like to thank Jean-Louis Grolleau at the OECD Credit Reporting System for his helpful advice and his encouragements during the construction of the disaggregated aid database used in this paper.     

中美储蓄率差异的原因及影响分析

中美两国是当今世界经济舞台中的两个最为重要的国家。中美经济结构的最大差异是储蓄率,两国的储蓄活动几乎是两个极端。储蓄率的巨大差异对中美经济与贸易影响深远。本文将对中美储蓄率差异的原因及影响进行深入分析。     

Local economic effects of a government-owned depository institution: Evidence from a natural experiment in Japan

Beginning in 2000, Japan’s postal saving system experienced a rapid outflow of funds as a large number of 10-year Postal Saving Certificates were maturing. This paper exploits this episode as a natural experiment in order to investigate the effects of a government-owned depository institution on local economic performance. The results show that the prefectures in which local funds were more heavily invested in the postal saving system in the early 1990s tended to experience a larger shift of funds away from the postal saving system and that these prefectures performed better in terms of output and small business creation in the early 2000s.     

Time preference and savings behaviour

A number of studies have examined various determinants of savings rate. This article contributes to this literature by empirically testing whether the time preference (discounting behaviour) is another important determinant of savings rate. To this end, we estimate the hyperbolic Euler equation using the generalized method of moments (GMM) to examine whether the short-run discount factor can account for savings behaviour. The empirical results show that people exhibit short-run patience (impatience) when savings rate increases (decreases), which is in line with the theoretical prediction. This result implies that the time preference also plays an important role in determining savings behaviour. Various sets of instruments and different sample periods do not reverse the main finding.     

参考点依赖偏好能够解释中国居民的储蓄行为吗

20世纪末,行为经济学家将参考点依赖偏好引入储蓄模型,尝试以参考点的变化解释不确定情景下的居民储蓄行为,然而该模型的预测力和解释力因缺少经验证据支持而仍然未知。为确定参考点依赖偏好能否解释中国居民的储蓄行为,本文以汶川地震为特殊情景,建立了两期的参考点储蓄决策模型,依据地震变化所造成的全部路径,对居民储蓄与幸福感变化展开理论预测,进一步借助中国家庭收入调查(CHIP)数据库,采用倾向得分匹配-双重差分法(PSM-DID)验证预测路径的现实解释力。研究发现:地震灾难能够对不同人群的参考点产生"回归"影响——对原本高参考水平者,灾难会降低其参考点;对原本低参考水平者,灾难会提升其参考点。参考点的"回归"能够有效地解释无论是在长期还是短期内,汶川地震灾区城镇家庭储蓄率升高的现象。     

SIDD: An adaptable framework for analysing the distributional implications of policy alternatives where savings and employment decisions matter

The Simulator of Individual Dynamic Decisions, SIDD, is publicly available software for analysing the distributional effects of policy alternatives. SIDD is a framework, rather than a model, in the sense that it is designed to facilitate adaptation to alternative country and policy contexts. The microsimulation framework can generate panel data describing a wide range of characteristics at annual intervals for each adult in an evolving population cross-section. Structural methods are employed to project savings and employment decisions, making SIDD a suitable tool for exploring the incentive effects of policy alternatives, and how these vary across the population and over time. The framework is also a valuable test-bed for empirical analyses of alternative behavioural assumptions, especially those concerning preferences for risk. In an effort to support good policy design and empirical analysis of savings and labour supply behaviour, SIDD has been made free for download from www.simdynamics.org.     

我国保险业增长分析

本文通过基本面分析和动态模型分析 ,研究我国保险业增长的状况、路线和动力 ,并从消费角度建立了保险业和宏观经济因素之间的长期和短期模型 ,结果表明 ,保险增长源于保险业自身的扩张、国民可支配收入增长和市场经济体制改革。