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991.
Janneke Hermans Nachoem Wijnberg Onno de Wit Jan van den Ende 《Scandinavian Journal of Management》2004,20(4):357
The way of accounting for vertical integration, of this paper is based on the ‘Porterian’ value system and focuses on the relation between the creation and appropriation of value. The essence of a value system is that at each stage in the system value is created and added to the value created at previous stages. We propose that firms which are unable to appropriate the value they create at the stage they currently inhabit, would find it advantageous to integrate vertically towards stages offering a more attractive relation between value appropriation and value creation. This argument will be illustrated here by the case of a large Dutch bank that integrated vertically towards securities trading. 相似文献
992.
从第四代港口谈如何发展我国港口经济 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
第三代港口在世界发达国家已基本建成,世界先进港口开始着手发展第四代港口,如何建设第四代港口成为学术界和实务界共同关注的热点问题。本文通过梳理世界港口发展的过程,综合分析各方对第四代港口的定义和阐述,归纳出第四代港口所呈现的发展方向。比照我国港口发展的现状,找出我国港口发展的不足和进一步提高我国港口综合能力的空间所在。 相似文献
993.
Entry into Swedish Retail and Wholesale Trade Markets 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Sven-olov Daunfeldt Niklas Rudholm Fredrik Bergström 《Review of Industrial Organization》2006,29(3):213-225
This paper examines, using a zero-inflated negative binomial regression model, what determined entry into the Swedish retail and wholesale trade markets between 1990 and 1996. According to the results, high returns on equity and low sunk costs seemed to attract more entry into retail trade industries, while recent entry and higher total industry sales were associated with more entry into both retail and wholesale trade local markets. 相似文献
994.
Peter Milthorp 《Economics of Transition》1997,5(1):215-223
Membership of the World Trade Organization is a goal for many transition economies. This paper discusses what is involved in WTO membership, the information required and the commitments imposed upon members. After reviewing the accession process in general, the topic is illustrated by the recent example of Bulgaira and Mongolia. 相似文献
995.
Competition, Externalities, and Input Substituting Technologies 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
David A. Hennessy 《American journal of agricultural economics》2002,84(2):467-481
The period 1997–2000 saw a rapid global consolidation of crop seed companies. The emerging companies are applying genetic engineering to exploit complementarities and substitutabilities between seed and other crop inputs. This article develops a model of competing technologies where one substitutes for a conventional input. A monopolist may cross-subsidize a technology that substitutes for an input in order to price discriminate between user types. In duopoly, a socially excessive or insufficient share of acres may be subject to an input substituting technology. Welfare improving regulations are identified in the case where a technology substitutes for an externality generating input. 相似文献
996.
997.
This article introduces a new spatial price analysis methodology based on maximum likelihood estimation of a mixture distribution model incorporating price, transfer cost, and trade flow data. This method permits differentiation between market integration and competitive market equilibrium and derivation of intuitive measures of intermarket tradability, competitive market equilibrium, perfect integration, segmented equilibrium, and segmented disequilibrium. One can also use these estimates to derive semiparametric measures of time-varying regime probabilities to track changing market conditions. An application to trade in soybean meal among Pacific Rim economies demonstrates the usefulness of the method. 相似文献
998.
Odd Rune Straume 《Economics of Governance》2002,3(2):117-134
A unionised monopoly firm, benefitting from some kind of anti-competitive regulation, and its corresponding trade union have
a common interest in spending resources to protect the monopoly rents created by the regulation. In the present paper, a situation
in which the unionised monopoly is challenged by a consumer organisation fighting for deregulation is analysed as a standard
Tullock rent-seeking contest. With unequal sharing of monopoly rents, the free-riding incentives among the rent-defending
players turn out to be overwhelming, in the sense that the unique Nash equilibrium is characterised by zero effort contribution
by the player with the lower valuation of the contested prize. This implies that being “strong”, in terms of bargaining strength,
is not necessarily an advantage for neither player in a unionised monopoly that is threatened by deregulation.
Received: June 2000 / accepted: January 2001 相似文献
999.
20世纪70年代初,经济实力相对衰弱迫使美国对外贸易政策更加务实,构成了美国实行多轨制对外贸易政策的主要原因。实行多轨制对外贸易政策以来,美国经济结构进一步软化和其他国家的贸易摩擦进一步增加。多轨制对外贸易政策的实质是全面的贸易保护,其目的在于保护本国弱势部门,发展本国强势部门,是一种以绝对优势作为制定对外贸易政策基础的贸易管理方式。 相似文献
1000.
Tom Jackson 《Open Economies Review》1991,2(3):237-254