《京都议定书》机制下碳贸易与环保制约的协调

《京都议定书》实施计划涉及国际碳贸易与环境保护协调问题,环保通过成本对碳贸易产生影响,对于经济可持续发展是有效的。中国循环经济的发展要求必须处理好国际产业转移与国家能源结构调整的关系,合理利用市场机制与政府作为的双效作用,为《京都议定书》第三轮承诺期谈判做好准备。     

驰名商标保护与中国名牌战略

本文认为,目前中国品牌培育主要采取两种模式:一是驰名商标认定,二是中国名牌产品评定。中国名牌产品不是一个严格的法律概念,难以得到像驰名商标那样的法律保护,而驰名商标乃是无可非议的名牌。文章提出,为促进中国名牌的发展,应将驰名商标保护与中国名牌战略结合起来,充分发挥我国行政资源的优势;同时全面利用驰名商标保护的法律法规及国际公约等法律武器,加强驰名商标保护,引导企业建立健全商标等知识产权管理制度,构建国际通行的品牌培育模式,即以驰名商标保护为核心,以中国名牌战略为契机,实施中国企业自主品牌发展战略。     

Intellectual property rights in a quality-ladder model with persistent leadership

This paper analyzes the effects of intellectual property rights in a quality-ladder model of endogenous growth in which incumbent firms preemptively innovate in order to keep their position of leadership. Unlike in models with leapfrogging, granting forward protection, and imposing a non-obviousness requirement reduces growth. In the main case where entrants and incumbents have free access to the same R&D technology, infinite protection against imitation, granted independently of the size of the lead, maximizes growth. If entrants have to engage in costly catch up before they can undertake frontier R&D, growth is maximal for a finite (expected) length of protection against imitation.     

重庆生态链下的乡村旅游可持续发展研究

[目的]近年生态链概念被广泛的应用到农业、林业、工业、环保、文化、教育、经济等领域,以生态链的视角观察及研究乡村旅游可持续发展意义重大,借此为重庆市休闲农业可持续发展提供理论指导。[方法]文章采用综合分析法,引入自然生态理论对重庆乡村旅游可持续发展开展研究。[结果]重庆市乡村旅游发展迅速,但与全生态链建设需要相比,还存在生态环境、区域生态和产业生态方面的差距;乡村旅游想要更好地发展,必须完成3个目标:(1)对生产和运营过程中的社会和自然的环境保护;(2)区分市场定位并建立区域旅游生态结构;(3)发展旅游上游产业链和理顺旅游下游产业链来构建产业生态链。[结论]政策性建议:(1)政府部门可以通过加强生产规范和产业管理特别是正向引导性管理加强乡村旅游业的发展;(2)政府部门可以通过做好信息和技术的服务,构建信息技术平台,保障专业技术发展和人才梯队建设加强乡村旅游业的发展;(3)通过资本信贷、管理和技术培训,竞争性奖励政策和"互联网+"等方面的政策支持提高乡村旅游的发展速度。     

Voluntary pricing mechanisms for green product purchase: altruistic versus self-enhancing consideration

Voluntary pricing mechanisms, such as Pay-What-You-Want (PWYW), could be a better pricing strategy to substitute for cash discount promotions. They can effectively promote the sales of conventional goods and services, while being influenced by socio-psychological variables. However, there is no clarity on the relative assessment of the impact of pricing frames, such as PWYW and Mark-Off-Your-Own-Price (MOYOP), on the consumers’ purchase of green products, where the purchase consideration might vary as the environment protection (altruistic) consideration versus the self-interest (self-enhancing) consideration. Further, there remains ambiguity on when and why such pricing mechanisms will work. This study, through an experiment, examines the buyers’ varied responses for the PWYW price frame versus the MOYOP price frame versus the fixed price frame under the environment protection (altruistic) consideration versus the self-interest (self-enhancing) consideration. It shows that although buyers do not show any difference in the mean voluntary payment between PWYW versus MOYOP frames as such; they prefer PWYW price frame under the environment protection (altruistic) consideration and MOYOP price frame under the self-interest (self-enhancing) consideration. The results show that the perception of price fairness mediates the relationship between pricing mechanism and willingness to buy (WTB). Furthermore, this study finds that price consciousness impacts the indirect effect of pricing mechanisms on WTB via perceived price fairness. The present study is the first to examine and analyze different considerations when the buyers’ preference varied for the PWYW versus MOYOP pricing frames. This study has suggested the underlying role of the perception of price fairness and price consciousness in the participative pricing mechanism on purchase.     

济南市古生物化石赋存特征及保护区划研究

为贯彻《古生物化石保护条例》,提高济南市古生物化石保护水平,在对区内古生物化石资源进行野外勘查和综合整理的基础上,依据古生物化石鉴定结果及其赋存地层分布特征,得出济南市古生物化石的分布特征,划分了古生物化石产地,选择化石完整程度、富集程度、剖面出露程度、周边地质环境、工程活动影响五个评价因子,运用综合指数法,建立了符合济南实际的古生物化石保护区划分体系,将区内古生物化石产地进行了保护区分级,并按照“保护优先,结合实际”的原则,制定了符合济南市实际的古生物化石保护措施。     

国有林区缓解贫困与生态保护共生协调度及应用研究

[目的]缓解贫困与生态保护的协调发展关系到区域的可持续发展问题,对国有林区缓解贫困与保护森林生态系统安全两者关系的分析研究是生态文明建设新阶段值得高度关注的课题。正确处理生态保护与林区经济发展互促互进具有重要意义,把国有林区缓解贫困与森林生态保护看作两个相互影响相互作用的生物体,用以揭示国有林区缓解贫困与生态保护之间的协调共生关系,以期为区域可持续发展提供理论基础和现实依据。[方法]以黑龙江省国有森工林区40个林业局为研究对象,选取2016年国有森工林区贫困与森林生态综合发展水平的14个指标数据,并运用主客观赋权法确定各指标权重,构建两子系统的共生协调度模型,探究国有森工林区各林业局贫困与生态的共生协调模式的空间布局和差异。[结果]黑龙江省国有森工林区共生协调模式呈现多样化趋势,经历互利共生、寄生协调、寄生冲突和互害竞争等关系,但寄生模式是黑龙江省国有林区贫困与生态的主要模式。[结论]黑龙江省森工国有林区要想实现缓解贫困与生态保护的共生协调,一方面需要加大对森林资源的保护的投入及抚育力度,另一方面森工企业要转变生产方式,优化林业产业结构,提高对林木资源的利用效率。     

Determinants of bankruptcy regime choice for Canadian public firms

Distressed Canadian public firms usually file for bankruptcy protection under either the Bankruptcy and Insolvency Act (BIA) or the more flexible Companies Creditors Arrangement Act (CCAA). The latter targets reorganization while the BIA focuses on both reorganization and liquidation. This paper examines the factors that enter into the choice of either of these two regimes by bankrupt filing public firms. We document that firms are more likely to file under the CCAA when the global stock market is bullish. Larger firms, more leveraged firms and firms with higher quality bankruptcy trustees are more likely to file under CCAA. The worst performing firms also tend to file under the CCAA. Finally firms in Ontario and Quebec have a tendency to file more frequently under the BIA compared to other provinces.     

技术性贸易壁垒与中国高技术产品出口——基于扩展贸易引力模型的经验分析

本文基于扩展的贸易引力模型，使用2000~2015 年中国同22 个贸易伙伴国的面板数据，并引入和技术性贸易壁垒以及高技术产品密切相关的知识产权保护这一变量，实证考察进口国TBT 对中国高技术产品出口的影响。结果表明：（1）进口国实施 TBT 或进行知识产权保护均会抑制中国高技术产品的出口，但抑制作用并不显著；（2）若进口国将TBT 和知识产权保护相结合形成更为隐蔽的技术性贸易壁垒，将会显著抑制中国高技术产品的出口；（3）中国高技术产品出口呈现行业差异，其中医药制造业受到的抑制效应最大；（4）由于技术模仿和产品同质化现象的存在，中国高技术产品出口会在中高收入国家遭遇更为严重的TBT，对出口的抑制效应会更大。中国应将知识产权保护政策作为应对进口国TBT的一种补充，在保证高技术产品贸易健康发展的同时推动出口产业向中高端发展。     

基于环境保护问题的政府与企业博弈优化分析及对策建议

在中国特色社会主义生态文明建设中,环境保护是当今社会重大课题;而环境保护关乎经济发展、社会责任等多个方面,涉及政府、企业、公众多个群体.因此,如何通过有效的机制均衡各群体以做好环境保护工作一直是国家所关注的.通过分析当今情境下政府和企业的博弈过程,研究政府与企业博弈的优化问题,并在此基础上提出相应的解决环境保护问题的对策建议.