中国式分权、社会资本与农村公共服务满意度

将财政分权体制与社会资本纳入农村公共服务供给的考察范畴，重点关注了中国式分权背景下不同维度社会资本对农村公共服务满意的调节效应。基于中国式分权的Stackelberg博弈模型证实了民生类支出偏好对村民具有较高的福利效应，社会资本不仅对提供者存在正向溢出渠道，还显著提升了村民福利。利用CGSS数据的实证结果表明：在考虑县级政府普遍面临财政困境的前提下，宽松的财政约束实际抑制了农村公共服务满意度提升，与正式制度存在替代关系的社会资本则显著提升了村民对公共服务的满意度。尽管如此，仍需警惕过度密集的网络嵌入所表现出的负向调节作用。以上结论通过分群回归和稳健性检验被证实是有效可信的，从而为纠正农村民生公共品供给偏向，补齐新时代农村公共服务短板提供了有益借鉴。     

Public spending and economies of scale in partial fiscal decentralized governments: The case of Chile

This article evaluates economies of scale in local public spending in Chile, emphasizing the country's geographical features and high fiscal heterogeneity. We leverage balanced panel data for ten years and 307 municipalities in order to estimate the population level at which a reduction in the average cost of local public goods provision occurs and to differentiate between levels of market potential. We follow a theoretical model of cost efficiency that considers spatial interactions and spillover effects among neighboring jurisdictions. Our findings suggest that Chilean municipalities reach an optimum population level at around 700,000 inhabitants, which is high considering that only two cities qualify. When differentiating for levels of economies of scale according to levels of market potential, municipalities with a low potential reach their optimum at around 28,000 inhabitants, those with a medium potential reach it at approximately 124,000, and those with a high potential reach it at approximately 680,000.     

The link between fiscal decentralization and poverty – Evidence from Indonesia

This paper aims to clarify the relationship between fiscal decentralization and poverty using Indonesian provincial-level data from 2001 to 2018 by way of panel data estimation. This paper circumvents the potential endogeneity problem between the interest variable to provide an unbiased estimated impact of the critical variables. The results provide robust evidence that the implementation of Indonesian fiscal decentralization contributes to poverty reduction outcomes. This paper also proposes a policy set based on the estimation result to the central government in handling the non-linear relationship between fiscal decentralization and poverty.     

财政分权、产权性质与企业投资

本文利用中国上市公司2003—2018年的数据以及省份层面的数据，考察了地方政府财政分权水平的变化对于国有企业和非国有企业投资行为的差异化影响。研究发现，地方政府财政分权水平的上升对企业投资有正向促进作用，且该效应主要表现在非国有企业中。机制分析结果表明，在财政分权体制下，地方政府的财政行为有利于弱化资本成本对于企业投资的负向影响，并提高企业的投资回报从而促进投资增加。相较而言，非国有企业的经营决策更符合市场化特征，其投资对于资本成本与投资收益变化的反应更敏感，从而受财政分权的影响效应更大。考虑地区差异后，该效应主要集中在市场化程度较低、政府经济增长计划目标设定较高以及企业债务融资溢价较高的地区。考虑参股资本的异质性，由于不同所有制资本存在优势互补，当非国有企业有国有资本参股时，其投资受财政分权的正向影响程度相较于没有国有资本参股的企业更大。本文的研究结论对于进一步理顺政府和市场关系、完善现代财政制度、稳定私人部门投资具有重要意义。     

收入分成、竞争与中国的省份内经济差距

中国的地区差距问题已逐渐成为制约经济发展的重要因素，并受到学术界的广泛关注。然而，作为其主要构成部分的省份内经济差距，现有研究却尚未深入。本文立足于省级以下财政分权体制，从地方政府竞争的角度梳理了政府间收入分成作用于省份内经济差距的具体机制，进而运用1995—2014年县级面板数据构建了省份内经济差距和省级以下收入分成指标，并展开实证检验。研究发现：省级以下收入分成比例的提高，扩大了省份内各县有效税率的差异，进而带来了要素在空间上的不均衡分布和省份内经济差距的扩大。同时，这一作用在经济欠发达省份的效果更为明显。这些发现为理解中国财政分权体制下地区经济差距的形成，以及完善当前财政体制以推动国家治理现代化提供了良好启示。     

Impacts of fiscal decentralization on local development in Vietnam: A disaggregated analysis

After the Doi Moi reforms, Vietnam pursued fiscal decentralization to strengthen the autonomy and governance capacity of local governments. While several empirical studies analysed the impact of fiscal decentralization on the economic growth of Vietnamese provinces, very few studies examined its impact on their social development. This study represents an initial effort to fill this gap. The empirical analysis applied the panel corrected standard errors (PCSE) estimation and stochastic frontier analysis (SFA) to an updated panel data of 63 Vietnamese provinces, spanning the period from 2011 to 2019. The results indicate a positive impact of fiscal decentralization on both economic and social development as well as efficiency of resource utilization for development targets. However, realizing the full potential of fiscal decentralization requires the fulfilment of certain conditions.     

Geographic Cross-Sectional Fiscal Spending Multipliers and the Role of Local Autonomy: Evidence from European Regions

Using a panel of 268 European regions during 1990–2014, we document that the degree of local government's autonomy, measured with the “Local Autonomy Index,” has a significant positive effect on the fiscal spending multiplier. The estimated geographic cross-sectional fiscal spending multiplier is on average close to zero in countries with the lowest degree of local autonomy, and around unity in countries with the highest degree of local autonomy. Multipliers are state-dependent: larger when gross domestic product is below trend and when there is slack in the labor market; in those states, local autonomy has a particularly large positive effect on the multiplier. To interpret the empirical findings, we build a Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium (DSGE) model where both local and central government spending contribute to a public good that enhances private labor productivity. Local governments are more efficient in producing the public good and the multiplier is higher in countries where local government spending has a larger share in the production of the public good.     

绿色技术创新能否有效改善环境质量？—基于财政分权的视角

“双碳”背景下，如何通过绿色技术创新改善环境质量？政府在生产生活方式绿色转型过程中起到了什么作用？本文以2004-2018年263个地级以上城市数据为样本，采用不同维度指标衡量环境质量，并采用面板数据模型，研究绿色技术创新对环境质量的作用机制，以及财政分权在绿色技术创新与环境质量之间所起的调节作用。结果表明：绿色技术创新水平越高，越有利于改善环境质量，但绿色技术创新对环境质量的改善作用随着财政分权水平的提高而降低；在财政分权的作用下，绿色技术创新改善环境质量的影响机制存在区域异质性、时间差异性以及门槛效应。因此，需要因地制宜把控财政分权水平，加大城市绿色技术创新投入，提高绿色技术的使用率，加快城市绿色低碳发展的目标实现。