Democratic transition and fiscal policy in the Arab world

This paper investigates the relationship between democracy and public debt in the Arab world over the period 2002–2013. The results show strong evidence of an inverted U-shaped relationship between democracy and public debt. This means that democratization is associated with lower debt only when a certain level of democracy is reached. In an attempt to explain these findings, we assume that the effect of democracy on public debt operates mainly through its impact on government spending and government revenue. Our results show that the inverted U-shaped relationship between democracy and public debt stems from the inverted U-shaped democracy-government spending path and the U-shaped democracy-government revenue pattern. This implies that, at the earlier stages of democratization, democracy is associated with an increase in government spending and a decrease in government revenue, which stimulates public debt. However, beyond a certain level of democracy, further democratization reduces government spending and enhances government revenue, leading to lower levels of public debt. Hence, achieving some level of democracy is a key prerequisite to improve the effectiveness of public spending, enhance tax compliance, and thereby control public debt.     

基于Cyclone EP1 C6Q240C8的汉明码编码器设计

基于CycloneⅡ实验板设计实现了汉明码编码器。利用开发板上的按键、串口、LED等资源,对接收到的数据进行汉明码编码或纠错,并将处理结果通过LED显示出来。实验表明,该编码器编码快速准确,稳定性高。     

中部六省农业生产结构市域分异探究

通过对中部六省农业生产结构的研究,该文得出如下结论:中部六省农业结构转换能力市域分布渐次交错,较高工业化水平促进转换速度提高;低于中部六省平均水平的市域占主体地位,低转换速度市域呈地理集中趋势;农业结构转换方向由以种植业为主向农、牧渔业综合发展的方向转变,林业与渔业的转换方向系数分布在一些区域呈地理集中趋势。同时发现,农业结构转换能力的提高促进劳动生产率增加,但不同转移方向的影响差异较大,一定程度上增加土地生产率,对机械生产率影响微弱。     

HPLC法测定6-甲基尿嘧啶的含量及有关物质

建立了6-甲基尿嘧啶含量和有关物质的高效液相色谱测定方法。采用C18柱,检测波长为263 nm,流动相为甲醇-0.1 mol/L的醋酸铵(二者体积比为40∶60),流速为1.0 mL/min,进样量为20μL。样品检测质量浓度的线性范围为5～200μg/mL(r=0.999 9),平均回收率为99.42%(RSD值为0.51%)。该方法操作简便、快捷,结果准确、可靠,能有效用于产品的质量控制。