丁家屋子地区孔店组高凝油增产措施选层技术

文章通过对丁家屋子地区孔店组高凝油测试资料进行分析,将储层分为四类,并对每类储层的试油工艺及效果进行了分析,找到了增产措施选层原则。     

Putting the learning curve in context

In implementation of change, people learn new ways of doing things, develop new skills, and adopt new organizational routines. This paper applies learning curve theory to implementation by developing a system dynamics model that includes two extensions to classic learning curve theory. First, the model includes a required output level for the individual. Second, the model includes a budget constraint on time that forces a choice between an old and a new way to achieve the output. Doing work the new way builds experience, increasing productivity and thus favoring continued use of the new skill, but model analysis demonstrates that this reinforcing process works to favor the new skill only at relatively high levels of productivity. Otherwise, the same process is a vicious cycle, driving out the new skill. The model exhibits a mode of behavior in which learning begins and then stalls and another mode in which the new skill becomes the preferred one. The paper identifies the tipping point between these two modes and characterizes the transition problem: Learning by doing is a dynamic process, a transition from use of an old way to a new way that requires accumulating experience beyond a threshold.     

Cigarette pack and advertising displays at point of purchase: community demand for restrictions

Tobacco promotion influences tobacco consumption. Traditional forms of tobacco promotion have been heavily restricted in response to the harmful effects of tobacco. Tobacco displays at the point of purchase are increasingly important as a means of communicating brand imagery for the tobacco industry, especially when advertising is restricted at these points. Previous research has demonstrated that children exposed to tobacco advertising at the point of purchase have inflated perceptions of availability, use and popularity of tobacco. Internationally, laws are being debated and implemented to prohibit or restrict the display of tobacco at the point of purchase or put tobacco out of sight. Such measures would reduce tobacco product exposure and, hence, tobacco marketing among youth and the community. In South Australia, a ban on all cigarette advertising at the point of purchase was introduced in 2005. This study was designed to assess community support for restrictions on cigarette displays and advertising at the point of purchase. A telephone survey was conducted with a random sample of 2026 South Australian adults (aged 18 years and over) in July 2005. Overall, 63% of the community approved of a hypothetical total ban on cigarette displays at the point of purchase, with over three‐quarters believing this should happen in the next 12 months. A further 24% believed that cigarette displays should be restricted and 82% would approve of a ban on displays in stores that sell confectionary. Only 7% of adult smokers reported making their decision about the brand of cigarettes to buy at the point of purchase and 90% made their decision before they even entered the shop. The results strengthen arguments that cigarette displays are not necessary to maintain brand loyalty or to encourage brand switching of established smokers. Instead, the results make arguments more credible that cigarette displays normalize and promote smoking among young people and may also promote unplanned purchase or increased consumption among less frequent smokers or former smokers. Placing cigarettes out of sight would be unlikely to impact on brand choice for most smokers, who have already made up their mind before they enter the store.     

中国特色社会主义之“特色”剖析

建设中国特色社会主义是当今中国的时代主题，研究中国特色具有十分重要的理论意义和实践意义。“中国特色社会主义”命题的提出具有特定的理论起点、历史起点和现实起点；在长期实践中形成了“中国特色”的经济、政治和文化发展制度安排；在发展战略上根据中国的实际形成了分“三步走”基本实现现代化的发展战略，并不断丰富和发展。     

全国土壤污染状况调查中采样点定位方法初探

探讨了通过互联网利用Google Earth以及中文地图网页对全国土壤污染状况调查中的采样点进行定位的方法,阐述了必要的操作步骤及应用技巧,指出了这种方法的不足,提出应用此方法可大大提高土壤样品采集的工作效率。     

我国房地产宏观调控的重点所在和市场走向

2006年是我国房地产宏观调控政策出台政策最多和调控力度最大的一年。调控后的房地产业的政策环境、市场情况、价格走势和消费心态等都产生了不同程度的变化。对这些变化进行深入研究并对我国2007房地产走势进行相关分析，对房地产管理和市场人士具有参考和借鉴意义。     

一类泛函脉冲微分方程周期正解的存在性

利用Krasnoselskii不动点定理,讨论一类带参数的泛函脉冲微分方程多个周期正解存在的充分条件,在f(x)和I_k(x) 均为非超线性和非次线性的条件下,得到该类微分方程多个周期正解存在的一些新结果。     

湿地系统的流域湿地保护与利用

流域湿地作为湿地系统研究领域的一个重要分支,已引起了越来越多的学者和专家的广泛重视和研究。基于流域和湿地的概念对其进行了阐述,并通过总结诸多国内外在该领域的研究成果,探讨了流域湿地的特征、功能、开发与利用及存在的主要问题、研究热点及前沿问题等,为有关管理部门对流域湿地资源的综合利用与保护提供理论支撑。     

基于面源污染约束的油菜生产效率时空变化及成因分析

[目的]分析面源污染约束条件下我国油菜生产效率的动态变化、省际差异及其影响因素,提出提升途径。[方法]采用基于非期望产出的非径向、非角度的数据包络分析模型测算面源污染约束下的油菜生产效率,根据投入冗余、期望产出不足或非期望产出冗余等,分析效率损失成因。[结果]我国油菜生产效率总体上呈现"N型"年际变化特征,其中黄淮区、江浙、重庆、青海和甘肃的油菜生产效率均值高于0.9,云贵和内蒙古的油菜生产效率则低于0.8。全国和长江流域省际差异表现为先扩大后缩小趋势,西北区省际差异最大,黄淮区省际差异最小。总氮和总磷排放量过高是长江流域乃至全国油菜生产效率损失的主要原因。近3年总氮可缩减比例均值大于30%的地区从大到小依次为湖南、内蒙古、贵州、云南和江西,总磷可缩减比例均值大于30%的地区依次为云南、贵州、四川和内蒙古。此外,湖北用工投入冗余、内蒙古化肥投入冗余和单产不足也是其油菜生产效率损失的重要原因。[结论]长江流域需重点削减氮磷径流损失,黄淮区应重点控制氮磷淋溶损失,西北区应重点治理氮磷侵蚀流失。     

城市边缘区土地利用总体规划探析

本文在分析大城市边缘区土地利用特征和土地利用问题的基础上，针对城市边缘区土地利用的特殊矛盾性探讨了城市边缘区土地利用总体规划的目标、规划要点。