生态住宿体验和个人涉入度对游客环保行为意向的影响研究

本文从游客对旅游住宿产品体验和感知的视角,研究生态住宿体验和个人涉入度对游客环保行为意向的影响。结果表明:(1)游客的生态住宿体验和个人涉入度对游客的环保行为意向具有显著的正向影响;(2)个人涉入度包括"感知重要性与娱乐价值"、"符号价值"、"风险可能性"和"风险重要性"4个维度;其中"感知重要性与娱乐价值"及"符号价值"对游客的环保行为意向表现出显著的正向影响,而"风险可能性"和"风险重要性"对环保行为意向的影响不显著;(3)生态意识的调节效应显著。该结论对于丰富国内外相关研究具有一定的理论价值,为旅游住宿企业开发产品的价值诉求提供决策参考。     

基于TPB扩展模型的生态旅游行为影响因素实证研究

生态旅游是以自然环境为基础的旅游形态,而生态旅游行为也是环境保护行为之一。基于计划行为理论(TPB),加入道德规范与环境关心两个变量形成扩展的TPB理论模型,选择南京钟山风景区(国家森林公园)的生态旅游者为样本,通过结构方程模型验证各变量之间的因果关系,并探讨游客生态旅游行为的影响因素。研究发现,道德规范需要透过态度的中介才能正向影响行为意图;环境关心直接或间接地透过主观规范影响行为意图;影响实际生态旅游行为频率的主要变量,依序为行为意图与知觉行为控制。因此,提升道德规范可以使旅游者的生态行为和态度更正面,而提升旅游者的环境关心程度尤为重要。     

A framework toward sustainable ecotourism value chain in the Philippines

Philippine tourism growth is largely driven by visits to natural attractions. Addressing concerns on sustainability, environmental conservation, and local community involvement has become increasingly challenging. We identify the critical players in the industry and create a value chain framework for Philippine ecotourism that incorporates the quadruple bottom-line strategy to understand how sustainable tourism is being practiced among value chain participants. Findings have implications in the pursuit of sustainable ecotourism development in the country.     

基于耦合模型的民族地区农业生态旅游与农业经济协调发展研究*——以四川省甘孜藏族自治州为例

[目的]农业经济的发展水平已经成为农业生态旅游发展的基础和关键因素。文章分别构建能充分反映四川省甘孜藏族自治州农业生态旅游和农业经济发展水平的10个指标,来研究农业生态旅游与农业经济发展之间的协调关系。[方法]选取2008—2016年农业生态旅游和农业经济发展水平的10个指标数据,运用熵值法确定各指标权重。运用耦合模型,评价农业生态旅游和农业经济及其综合发展水平,最终探究农业生态旅游和农业经济之间的耦合协调发展关系。[结果]甘孜藏族自治州农业生态旅游的发展水平2008—2016年基本呈上升趋势,但由于受经济发展水平的影响,综合发展水平呈现不同程度变化的态势。农业生态旅游和农业经济的耦合度从2008—2016年,经历了从严重失调到轻度失调再到濒临失调,耦合协调度经历了从低度协调到中度失调,协调作用由弱到强,呈现良好的发展态势,但整体协调性较差。[结论]该地区在今后的发展中,要充分利用地区优势,积极打造当地农业生态旅游品牌,也要逐步转变经济发展方式,注重优势资源的开发,改善经济发展水平,进而使甘孜藏族自治州的农业生态旅游和农业经济耦合协调度向更高的等级发展。     

Identifying and mapping forest-based ecotourism areas in West Virginia – Incorporating visitors' preferences

This study identifies and maps forest-based ecotourism areas in West Virginia by incorporating visitors' preferences. Relative weights for ecotourism destination criteria were obtained using the Analytic Hierarchy Process based on a survey of 777 participants. The study classified the state into five levels of naturalness with areas under Class I being the least natural and Class V being the most natural. The presence of wildlife was found to be the most important criterion and slope was found to be the least. Results also showed significant variations in visitors' preferences. Areas under Class IV and Class V in both weighted and unweighted ecotourism maps covered more than half of the state's area, suggesting high prospects for promoting forest-based ecotourism in the state. The results further showed that each class changed in size when visitors' preferences were applied. The ecotourism maps created provide useful insights for visitors, destination managers, and decision makers.     

生态旅游绿色营销的产品策略分析

生态旅游要真正的实现可持续发展必须在经营上采取绿色营销策略。从生态旅游和绿色营销的内涵和特点出发对二者进行分析，在此基础上提出生态旅游绿色营销产品策略。     

Some Fundamental Truths About Tourism: Understanding Tourism's Social and Environmental Impacts

This paper offers an empirical case study of ecotourism in the island state of Cuba. The paper attempts to gauge the success Cuba has had in establishing eco-tourist practices that could be considered sustainable, and provides analysis of the various political factors that condition this success. Using some well-known benchmarks of sustainable eco-tourist practices, the paper presents the results of numerous interviews with key informants involved with ecological tourism in Cuba, archival research and observations from on-site visits to key ecotourism projects to examine the relative success of ecotourism on the island. Concluding that Cuba has had mixed success in moving to sustainable ecotourism, the paper examines the various political constraints that will likely determine the trajectory of Cuba’s ecotourism in the near and medium term.     

Artificial Reefs as Recreational Scuba Diving Resources: A Critical Review of Research

This paper reports on the increasing practice of developing and promoting artificial reefs as sites for scuba diving tourism and recreation. A comprehensive definition of artificial reefs is presented that encapsulates the diversity of structures used by marine recreationists, particularly scuba divers, followed by a review of existing literature that specifically examines artificial reefs as a resource for the conduct of recreational scuba diving. Three main thematic areas were identified in the existing literature: social dimensions, socioeconomic impacts and environmental engineering. A typology of artificial reefs is offered to better describe and categorise artificial reef structures according to unit characteristics that may influence recreational use such as material used, appearance, complexity and cost. The paper presents a conceptual model that identifies the components of an artificial reef scuba diving experience and discusses the potential of artificial reefs to act as tourism resources and management tools to redistribute scuba diver numbers away from natural reefs. Directions for future research are suggested, emphasising collection of data on aspects of the artificial reef scuba diving experience to better inform marine resource management.     

The Ecotourium Concept and Tourism-Conservation Symbiosis

The credibility of contemporary ecotourism is threatened by the global dominance of a model that minimally fulfils the three core criteria – nature-based attractions, learning opportunities, ecological and sociocultural sustainability – that characterise this sector. A more rigorous ‘comprehensive’ model is better capable of fulfilling ecotourism’s potential to achieve sustainable outcomes, but only if this model embraces both the hard and soft dimensions of the sector. Based on the latter premise and informed by the principles of complexity, knowledge sharing and interdisciplinarity, we propose the development of an international network of protected areas ‘ecotouriums’ that is designed to stimulate positive socioeconomic change within local communities and maintain and improve the ecological health of protected areas. Cornerstone themes that enable the ecotourium concept are research and education, ecological health, community participation and development, and partnerships.     

Ecotourism Benefits and the Role of Local Guides at Masoala National Park,Madagascar

An investigation of ecotourism at Masoala National Park, a forested coastal area in northeastern Madagascar and the country’s largest national park, focused on ecotourism benefits and the role of local guides in promoting conservation awareness. Interviews, participant observation, and archival research were used to investigate the park’s guide association, resident attitudes toward Masoala National Park, and ecotourism as a method of park and rural development. Many factors make Masoala National Park a prime ecotourist destination, including the possibility of viewing its endemic species, such as red-ruffed lemurs. The park has a strong local guides’ association and currently combines conservation and development through a programme that returns a portion of tourism revenue to local communities. Actual or potential benefits received from the park, including ecotourism revenues, were found to influence the positive and negative perceptions of Masoala National Park held by residents living in the park periphery. However, limitations on ecotourism development include poor infrastructure and difficult access, a challenging climate including a hurricane season, and past national political instability.