再论意定代理权授予之无因性

德国法基于商事实践中的“经理人”制度,以概念法学的方法构造了代理权授予之无因性理论。在民事一般代理领域,授权是基础关系的具体履行,二者在存续、效力和权限方面紧密关联,授权行为之无因性所意图解决之善意第三人保护问题可借助表见理论。《民法总则》未采该理论,授权行为属于委托合同之履行,但可进一步明确可有效授权予限制行为能力人。该理论内涵之一“代理权授予之独立性”却在商事代理领域取得了成功,包括公司代理机关、经理人,然并无必要将选任代理人的行为解释为单方行为而非合同。我国法可借鉴这一理论：　确立公司代表权之概括性、不可限制性;第三人简单知情代表权违反内部限制的并不当然等于“恶意”。     

货币替代和反替代对我国货币政策独立性的影响

货币替代和反替代会通过多种渠道影响一国货币政策的独立性。我国当前同时存在着货币替代和货币反替代,其中货币替代的程度在不断下降,而货币反替代的程度则不断增强。通过构建包含货币替代和货币反替代的粘性价格货币模型,本文运用回归方法检验了货币替代和货币反替代对我国货币政策独立性的影响程度。结论是,货币替代和货币反替代都会影响到我国的货币供给,进而会降低我国货币政策的独立性,但货币替代的影响更加强烈。     

最初的反叛 最后的自由——析反叛女性“娜拉”与“子君”形象的异同

中外文学作品中的女性自由解放主题是时代发展、妇女思想进步的产物，其中著名的“新女性”一一一“娜拉”和“子君”，更是以其鲜明的艺术形象，成为当时社会中妇女解放的“号召者”，至今仍富有现实意义和劝告意味。娜拉和子君的形象差异原因分析，体现了妇女解放斗争活动对“精神自由”和“经济独立”两大方面侧重点的差异，在不同时代、不同国家的作品中是各有不同强调的，这也帮助我们更客观的审视两位叛逆女性在妇女解放历程中呈现出的时代意义。     

Linking multi-channel customer behavior with shopping motives: An empirical investigation of a German retailer

Operating multiple channels, in store as well as non-store, allows a retailer to cater to the different shopping motives of its customers. This research into the buying behavior of 525 customers of a multi-channel retailer that operates five channels in Germany shows that most customers use only one channel within a buying process, selecting the channel that best satisfies their shopping motives in each situation. Based on exploratory qualitative and quantitative research, this study identifies five shopping motives: “recreational orientation”, “convenience orientation”, “independence orientation”, “delivery-related risk aversion” and “product- and payment-related risk aversion”. In the majority of the store channels examined in this study (chain stores and bakeries), single-channel users primarily look to satisfy emotional and social needs. Single-channel users of non-store channels (catalogue and online-shop) look for convenience and strive for independence. Multi-channel users, who obtain their information from the online-shop and then make their purchase in the chain store, are combining the independence of online-shop information with the reduction of risks associated with buying products in the chain store. These findings can be used to develop recommendations for managing the individual channels.     

Idiot's Bayes—Not So Stupid After All?

Folklore has it that a very simple supervised classification rule, based on the typically false assumption that the predictor variables are independent, can be highly effective, and often more effective than sophisticated rules. We examine the evidence for this, both empirical, as observed in real data applications, and theoretical, summarising explanations for why this simple rule might be effective.     

双品类存货组合的质押率研究

本文假设静态质押模式下组合质押存货的价格变动相互独立并服从对数正态分布。在此基础上,构建质押率决策模型并对其影响因素进行分析。研究结果表明:存在使银行期望利润最大化的最优质押率;质押率与银行贷款利率呈同向递增趋势,随着贷款周期的增加呈现先增加后减小趋势。     

Locally Most Powerful and Other Rank Tests for Independence – with a Contaminated Weighted Alternative

Several authors in the literature have attempted the quantification of the concept of stochastic dependence for bivariate distribution. Two weighted rank tests for testing independence against a weighted contamination alternative is proposed and their distributional properties are studied. We also derived a locally most powerful rank test for the alternative setting. The rank tests proposed are shown to be asymptotic locally most powerful for specific distributions.     

审计独立性的博弈分析

注册会计师的独立性是一种抽象的精神状态,它是通过注册会计师在特定制度安排下的利益选择表现出来的,本文着眼于此,通过建立特定制度下注册会计师行为的博弈模型,从审计收费、注册会计师承担的责任、注册会计师不独立获得的额外好处、管理当局对注册会计师的处罚等方面分析注册会计师的独立性。     

对独立董事"独立性"悖论的探讨

从独立董事与股东间实质性的委托代理关系出发，文章对独立董事“独立性”要求本身、独立性与激励机制及独立性与其决策效率间的三大悖论进行了分析，并进一步探讨了独立董事的“独立性”、报酬机制以及选拔机制等问题。